Chamberlain NR283
Pathophysiology Endocrine
Disorders Exam Questions And
Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Plus Rationales
2025/2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf
1. Which gland is considered the “master gland” of the endocrine
system?
A. Thyroid
B. Adrenal
C. Pituitary
D. Pancreas
Answer: C
The pituitary gland regulates multiple endocrine glands through
hormone secretion.
2. Which hormone lowers blood glucose levels?
A. Glucagon
B. Insulin
C. Cortisol
D. Epinephrine
,Answer: B
Insulin promotes cellular uptake of glucose, decreasing blood sugar.
3. Diabetes mellitus type 1 is primarily caused by:
A. Insulin resistance
B. Autoimmune destruction of beta cells
C. Excess cortisol secretion
D. Pancreatic tumors
Answer: B
Type 1 DM results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta
cells.
4. The hallmark symptom of hyperthyroidism is:
A. Weight gain
B. Bradycardia
C. Heat intolerance
D. Cold intolerance
Answer: C
Excess thyroid hormone increases metabolism causing heat
intolerance.
5. Which hormone is released by the adrenal medulla?
A. Aldosterone
B. Cortisol
C. Epinephrine
D. Insulin
Answer: C
The adrenal medulla secretes catecholamines like epinephrine.
, 6. Diabetes insipidus is caused by deficiency of:
A. Insulin
B. ADH
C. Thyroxine
D. Aldosterone
Answer: B
ADH deficiency leads to inability to concentrate urine.
7. Which electrolyte imbalance is commonly seen in Addison’s
disease?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: C
Low aldosterone leads to potassium retention.
8. Graves’ disease is characterized by:
A. Hypothyroidism
B. Autoimmune stimulation of thyroid
C. Thyroid destruction
D. Low T3 only
Answer: B
TSH receptor antibodies overstimulate thyroid hormone production.
9. The main function of cortisol is:
A. Decrease glucose production
B. Promote inflammation
C. Increase blood glucose
Pathophysiology Endocrine
Disorders Exam Questions And
Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Plus Rationales
2025/2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf
1. Which gland is considered the “master gland” of the endocrine
system?
A. Thyroid
B. Adrenal
C. Pituitary
D. Pancreas
Answer: C
The pituitary gland regulates multiple endocrine glands through
hormone secretion.
2. Which hormone lowers blood glucose levels?
A. Glucagon
B. Insulin
C. Cortisol
D. Epinephrine
,Answer: B
Insulin promotes cellular uptake of glucose, decreasing blood sugar.
3. Diabetes mellitus type 1 is primarily caused by:
A. Insulin resistance
B. Autoimmune destruction of beta cells
C. Excess cortisol secretion
D. Pancreatic tumors
Answer: B
Type 1 DM results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta
cells.
4. The hallmark symptom of hyperthyroidism is:
A. Weight gain
B. Bradycardia
C. Heat intolerance
D. Cold intolerance
Answer: C
Excess thyroid hormone increases metabolism causing heat
intolerance.
5. Which hormone is released by the adrenal medulla?
A. Aldosterone
B. Cortisol
C. Epinephrine
D. Insulin
Answer: C
The adrenal medulla secretes catecholamines like epinephrine.
, 6. Diabetes insipidus is caused by deficiency of:
A. Insulin
B. ADH
C. Thyroxine
D. Aldosterone
Answer: B
ADH deficiency leads to inability to concentrate urine.
7. Which electrolyte imbalance is commonly seen in Addison’s
disease?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: C
Low aldosterone leads to potassium retention.
8. Graves’ disease is characterized by:
A. Hypothyroidism
B. Autoimmune stimulation of thyroid
C. Thyroid destruction
D. Low T3 only
Answer: B
TSH receptor antibodies overstimulate thyroid hormone production.
9. The main function of cortisol is:
A. Decrease glucose production
B. Promote inflammation
C. Increase blood glucose
