HESI EXTRA CREDIT NUR MISC
MODULE 10 EXAM 2026 2027 HIGH
YIELD STUDY GUIDE EXAM PREP
MATERIAL LATEST VERSION
NURSING REVIEW PACK
COMPREHENSIVE PRACTICE
QUESTIONS SUCCESS RESOURCE
COMPLETE EDITION
A client who experiences frequent episodes of chest pain is admitted to the hospital for cardiac
monitoring. The client suddenly complains of chest pain, and the nurse obtains a 12-lead
electrocardiogram (ECG). Which finding would the nurse expect to note in the event of an ischemic
episode?
A. Peaked T waves
B. ST-segment depression Correct
C. Widened QRS complex
D. An isolated premature ventricular contraction (PVC)
. Rationale: An ECG taken in the presence of pain may reveal ischemic changes with
ST-segment elevation or depression. Peaked T waves may indicate hyperkalemia.
PVCs are caused by the firing of an irritable pacemaker in the ventricle. A widened
QRS complex indicates a delay in intraventricular conduction, such as bundle
branch block.
. Test-Taking Strategy: Knowledge regarding the effects of ischemia on
myocardial tissue and how it is reflected on an ECG is needed to answer this
question. Remember that ST-segment elevation or depression indicates
myocardial ischemia. Review the effects of myocardial ischemia if you had
difficulty with this question.
.
,
, HESI E NUR MISC MODULE 10 [DETAILED
. References: Ignatavicius, D., & Workman, M. (2013). Medical-surgical nursing:
Patient-centered collaborative care. (7th ed., p. 831). St. Louis: Saunders.
..
. Lewis, S., Dirksen, S., Heitkemper, M., & Bucher, L. (2014). Medical-surgical nursing:
Assessment and management of clinical problems (9th ed., p. 791). St.
Louis: Mosby.
. Level of Cognitive Ability: Analyzing
. Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
. Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Assessment
. Content Area: Adult Health/Cardiovascular
..
. Giddens Concepts: Clinical Judgment, Perfusion
. HESI Concepts: Clinical Decision Making/Clinical Judgment,
Perfusion . Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
. A client with gastroenteritis who has been vomiting and has diarrhea is admitted to the hospital with
a diagnosis of dehydration. For which clinical manifestations that correlate with this fluid imbalance
would the nurse assess the client?
Select all that apply.
A. Decreased pulse
B. Decreased urine output Correct
C. Increased blood pressure
D. Increased respiratory rate Correct
E. Decreased respiratory depth
. Rationale: A client with dehydration has an increased depth and rate of
respirations. The diminished fluid volume is perceived by the body as a decreased
oxygen level (hypoxia), and increased respiration is an attempt to maintain oxygen
delivery. Other assessment findings in insufficient fluid volumeare decreased urine
volume, increased pulse, weight loss, poor skin turgor, dry mucous membranes,
concentrated urine with increased specific gravity, increased hematocrit, and
altered level of consciousness. Increased blood pressure, decreased pulse, and
increased urine output occur with fluid-volume overload.
. Test-Taking Strategy: Use the process of elimination and focus on the subject,
dehydration (deficient fluid volume). Think about the pathophysiology of deficient
,
, ,
HESI EXTRA CREDIT NUR MISC MODULE 10
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS [DETAILED
ANSWERS] 2026 UPDATED VERSION
CERTIFIED 100% ALREADY GRADED A+
fluid volume. Remember that the body will increase the respiratory rate in an
attempt to maintain the oxygen level. If you had difficulty with this question, review
the signs of insufficient fluid volume.
. Reference: Lewis, S., Dirksen, S., Heitkemper, M., & Bucher, L. (2014).
Medical-surgical nursing: Assessment and management of clinical problems (9th
ed., pp. 291-292). St. Louis: Mosby.
. Level of Cognitive Ability: Analyzing
. Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
. Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Assessment
. Content Area: Fluid and Electrolytes
. Giddens Concepts: Clinical Judgment,Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
. HESI Concepts: Clinical Decision Making/Clinical Judgment, Fluid and
Electrolytes
. Awarded 2.0 points out of 2.0 possible points.
. A nurse is reviewing the medical records of the clients to whom she is assigned on the 7 am–
7 pm shift. Which client will the nurse monitor most closely for
,
, ,
HESI EXTRA CREDIT NUR MISC MODULE 10
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS [DETAILED
ANSWERS] 2026 UPDATED VERSION
CERTIFIED 100% ALREADY GRADED A+
excessive fluid volume?
A. A 48-year-old client receiving diuretics to treat hypertension
B. A 35-year old client who is vomiting undigested food after eating C.
An 85-year-old client receiving intravenous (IV) therapy at a rate of
100 mL/hr Correct
D. A 65-year-old client with a nasogastric tube attached to low suction
following partial gastrectomy
. Rationale: The older adult client receiving IV therapy at 100 mL/hr is at the
greatest risk for excessive fluid volume because of the diminished cardiovascular
and renal function that occur with aging. Other causes of excessive fluid volume
include renal failure, heart failure, liver disorders, excessive use of hypotonic IV
fluids to replace isotonic losses, excessive irrigation of body fluids, and excessive
ingestion of table salt. A client who is receiving diuretics, vomiting, or has a
nasogastric tube attached to suction is atrisk for deficient fluid volume.
. Test-Taking Strategy: Read the question carefully, noting that it asks for the
client at risk for excessive fluid volume. Read each option and think about the
fluid imbalance that could occur in each situation; in the case of the incorrect
options, it is fluid-volume deficiency; the only option reflecting conditions that
could result in an excess is the correct option. If you had difficulty with this
question, review the causes of excessive fluid volume.
. Reference: Lewis, S., Dirksen, S., Heitkemper, M., & Bucher, L. (2014).
Medical-surgical nursing: Assessment and management of clinical problems (9th
ed., pp. 291, 293). St. Louis: Mosby.
. Level of Cognitive Ability: Analyzing
. Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
. Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Assessment
. Content Area: Fluid and Electrolytes
..
. Giddens Concepts: Care Coordination, Fluid and Electrolyte Balance .
HESI Concepts: Collaboration/Managing Care, Fluid and Electrolytes .
Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
,
MODULE 10 EXAM 2026 2027 HIGH
YIELD STUDY GUIDE EXAM PREP
MATERIAL LATEST VERSION
NURSING REVIEW PACK
COMPREHENSIVE PRACTICE
QUESTIONS SUCCESS RESOURCE
COMPLETE EDITION
A client who experiences frequent episodes of chest pain is admitted to the hospital for cardiac
monitoring. The client suddenly complains of chest pain, and the nurse obtains a 12-lead
electrocardiogram (ECG). Which finding would the nurse expect to note in the event of an ischemic
episode?
A. Peaked T waves
B. ST-segment depression Correct
C. Widened QRS complex
D. An isolated premature ventricular contraction (PVC)
. Rationale: An ECG taken in the presence of pain may reveal ischemic changes with
ST-segment elevation or depression. Peaked T waves may indicate hyperkalemia.
PVCs are caused by the firing of an irritable pacemaker in the ventricle. A widened
QRS complex indicates a delay in intraventricular conduction, such as bundle
branch block.
. Test-Taking Strategy: Knowledge regarding the effects of ischemia on
myocardial tissue and how it is reflected on an ECG is needed to answer this
question. Remember that ST-segment elevation or depression indicates
myocardial ischemia. Review the effects of myocardial ischemia if you had
difficulty with this question.
.
,
, HESI E NUR MISC MODULE 10 [DETAILED
. References: Ignatavicius, D., & Workman, M. (2013). Medical-surgical nursing:
Patient-centered collaborative care. (7th ed., p. 831). St. Louis: Saunders.
..
. Lewis, S., Dirksen, S., Heitkemper, M., & Bucher, L. (2014). Medical-surgical nursing:
Assessment and management of clinical problems (9th ed., p. 791). St.
Louis: Mosby.
. Level of Cognitive Ability: Analyzing
. Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
. Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Assessment
. Content Area: Adult Health/Cardiovascular
..
. Giddens Concepts: Clinical Judgment, Perfusion
. HESI Concepts: Clinical Decision Making/Clinical Judgment,
Perfusion . Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
. A client with gastroenteritis who has been vomiting and has diarrhea is admitted to the hospital with
a diagnosis of dehydration. For which clinical manifestations that correlate with this fluid imbalance
would the nurse assess the client?
Select all that apply.
A. Decreased pulse
B. Decreased urine output Correct
C. Increased blood pressure
D. Increased respiratory rate Correct
E. Decreased respiratory depth
. Rationale: A client with dehydration has an increased depth and rate of
respirations. The diminished fluid volume is perceived by the body as a decreased
oxygen level (hypoxia), and increased respiration is an attempt to maintain oxygen
delivery. Other assessment findings in insufficient fluid volumeare decreased urine
volume, increased pulse, weight loss, poor skin turgor, dry mucous membranes,
concentrated urine with increased specific gravity, increased hematocrit, and
altered level of consciousness. Increased blood pressure, decreased pulse, and
increased urine output occur with fluid-volume overload.
. Test-Taking Strategy: Use the process of elimination and focus on the subject,
dehydration (deficient fluid volume). Think about the pathophysiology of deficient
,
, ,
HESI EXTRA CREDIT NUR MISC MODULE 10
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS [DETAILED
ANSWERS] 2026 UPDATED VERSION
CERTIFIED 100% ALREADY GRADED A+
fluid volume. Remember that the body will increase the respiratory rate in an
attempt to maintain the oxygen level. If you had difficulty with this question, review
the signs of insufficient fluid volume.
. Reference: Lewis, S., Dirksen, S., Heitkemper, M., & Bucher, L. (2014).
Medical-surgical nursing: Assessment and management of clinical problems (9th
ed., pp. 291-292). St. Louis: Mosby.
. Level of Cognitive Ability: Analyzing
. Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
. Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Assessment
. Content Area: Fluid and Electrolytes
. Giddens Concepts: Clinical Judgment,Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
. HESI Concepts: Clinical Decision Making/Clinical Judgment, Fluid and
Electrolytes
. Awarded 2.0 points out of 2.0 possible points.
. A nurse is reviewing the medical records of the clients to whom she is assigned on the 7 am–
7 pm shift. Which client will the nurse monitor most closely for
,
, ,
HESI EXTRA CREDIT NUR MISC MODULE 10
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS [DETAILED
ANSWERS] 2026 UPDATED VERSION
CERTIFIED 100% ALREADY GRADED A+
excessive fluid volume?
A. A 48-year-old client receiving diuretics to treat hypertension
B. A 35-year old client who is vomiting undigested food after eating C.
An 85-year-old client receiving intravenous (IV) therapy at a rate of
100 mL/hr Correct
D. A 65-year-old client with a nasogastric tube attached to low suction
following partial gastrectomy
. Rationale: The older adult client receiving IV therapy at 100 mL/hr is at the
greatest risk for excessive fluid volume because of the diminished cardiovascular
and renal function that occur with aging. Other causes of excessive fluid volume
include renal failure, heart failure, liver disorders, excessive use of hypotonic IV
fluids to replace isotonic losses, excessive irrigation of body fluids, and excessive
ingestion of table salt. A client who is receiving diuretics, vomiting, or has a
nasogastric tube attached to suction is atrisk for deficient fluid volume.
. Test-Taking Strategy: Read the question carefully, noting that it asks for the
client at risk for excessive fluid volume. Read each option and think about the
fluid imbalance that could occur in each situation; in the case of the incorrect
options, it is fluid-volume deficiency; the only option reflecting conditions that
could result in an excess is the correct option. If you had difficulty with this
question, review the causes of excessive fluid volume.
. Reference: Lewis, S., Dirksen, S., Heitkemper, M., & Bucher, L. (2014).
Medical-surgical nursing: Assessment and management of clinical problems (9th
ed., pp. 291, 293). St. Louis: Mosby.
. Level of Cognitive Ability: Analyzing
. Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
. Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Assessment
. Content Area: Fluid and Electrolytes
..
. Giddens Concepts: Care Coordination, Fluid and Electrolyte Balance .
HESI Concepts: Collaboration/Managing Care, Fluid and Electrolytes .
Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
,
