Pediatric Nursing 5th Edition Comprehensive Test Bank
|Exam Questions, Answers and Rationales |A+
1. Which finding is most concerning in a newborn?
A. Heart rate 140 bpm
B. Respiratory rate 30/min
C. Central cyanosis
D. Crying when hungry
Answer: C. Central cyanosis
Rationale: Central cyanosis indicates inadequate oxygenation and is a medical emergency in
newborns.
2. The normal respiratory rate for a 2-year-old child is:
A. 10–15/min
B. 16–20/min
C. 24–40/min
D. 50–60/min
Answer: C. 24–40/min
Rationale: Toddlers normally have higher respiratory rates than adults due to smaller airway
size and higher metabolic demand.
3. Which immunization is given at birth?
A. MMR
B. Hepatitis B
C. Varicella
D. DTaP
Answer: B. Hepatitis B
Rationale: The first dose of Hepatitis B vaccine is given within 24 hours of birth.
4. A child with dehydration will most likely present with:
,A. Bulging fontanel
B. Sunken eyes and dry mucous membranes
C. Increased urine output
D. Weight gain
Answer: B. Sunken eyes and dry mucous membranes
Rationale: Fluid loss leads to decreased tissue turgor and mucosal dryness.
5. Which action is most appropriate when a child is having a seizure?
A. Insert a tongue depressor
B. Restrain the child tightly
C. Turn child to side and protect airway
D. Give oral fluids immediately
Answer: C. Turn child to side and protect airway
Rationale: Positioning prevents aspiration and maintains airway patency.
6. Which pain scale is appropriate for a 4-year-old child?
A. Numeric scale
B. FLACC scale
C. Glasgow Coma Scale
D. Apgar score
Answer: B. FLACC scale
Rationale: FLACC (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) is used for young children.
7. The most common cause of iron deficiency anemia in infants is:
A. Viral infection
B. Poor dietary intake
C. Excess protein intake
D. High calcium intake
Answer: B. Poor dietary intake
,Rationale: Insufficient iron intake from diet or early milk feeding causes anemia.
8. Which symptom is most associated with epiglottitis?
A. Barking cough
B. Drooling and tripod positioning
C. Wheezing
D. Runny nose
Answer: B. Drooling and tripod positioning
Rationale: Epiglottitis causes airway obstruction and severe distress.
9. A normal Apgar score is:
A. 0–3
B. 4–6
C. 7–10
D. 11–15
Answer: C. 7–10
Rationale: Scores 7–10 indicate a healthy newborn adjustment.
10. Which vaccine prevents measles, mumps, and rubella?
A. DTaP
B. MMR
C. IPV
D. Hib
Answer: B. MMR
Rationale: MMR protects against three viral diseases.
11. Which sign indicates respiratory distress in an infant?
, A. Quiet breathing
B. Nasal flaring
C. Sleeping normally
D. Pink skin
Answer: B. Nasal flaring
Rationale: Nasal flaring is an early sign of respiratory distress.
12. Which finding is expected in a child with asthma exacerbation?
A. Bradycardia
B. Wheezing
C. Hypertension
D. Rash
Answer: B. Wheezing
Rationale: Bronchospasm causes wheezing and airflow obstruction.
13. Which developmental milestone is expected at 6 months?
A. Walking independently
B. Sitting without support
C. Writing sentences
D. Riding a bike
Answer: B. Sitting without support
Rationale: Gross motor development allows independent sitting around 6 months.
14. Which is the best position for an infant with respiratory distress?
A. Supine flat
B. Prone
C. Semi-Fowler’s position
D. Trendelenburg
Answer: C. Semi-Fowler’s position
|Exam Questions, Answers and Rationales |A+
1. Which finding is most concerning in a newborn?
A. Heart rate 140 bpm
B. Respiratory rate 30/min
C. Central cyanosis
D. Crying when hungry
Answer: C. Central cyanosis
Rationale: Central cyanosis indicates inadequate oxygenation and is a medical emergency in
newborns.
2. The normal respiratory rate for a 2-year-old child is:
A. 10–15/min
B. 16–20/min
C. 24–40/min
D. 50–60/min
Answer: C. 24–40/min
Rationale: Toddlers normally have higher respiratory rates than adults due to smaller airway
size and higher metabolic demand.
3. Which immunization is given at birth?
A. MMR
B. Hepatitis B
C. Varicella
D. DTaP
Answer: B. Hepatitis B
Rationale: The first dose of Hepatitis B vaccine is given within 24 hours of birth.
4. A child with dehydration will most likely present with:
,A. Bulging fontanel
B. Sunken eyes and dry mucous membranes
C. Increased urine output
D. Weight gain
Answer: B. Sunken eyes and dry mucous membranes
Rationale: Fluid loss leads to decreased tissue turgor and mucosal dryness.
5. Which action is most appropriate when a child is having a seizure?
A. Insert a tongue depressor
B. Restrain the child tightly
C. Turn child to side and protect airway
D. Give oral fluids immediately
Answer: C. Turn child to side and protect airway
Rationale: Positioning prevents aspiration and maintains airway patency.
6. Which pain scale is appropriate for a 4-year-old child?
A. Numeric scale
B. FLACC scale
C. Glasgow Coma Scale
D. Apgar score
Answer: B. FLACC scale
Rationale: FLACC (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) is used for young children.
7. The most common cause of iron deficiency anemia in infants is:
A. Viral infection
B. Poor dietary intake
C. Excess protein intake
D. High calcium intake
Answer: B. Poor dietary intake
,Rationale: Insufficient iron intake from diet or early milk feeding causes anemia.
8. Which symptom is most associated with epiglottitis?
A. Barking cough
B. Drooling and tripod positioning
C. Wheezing
D. Runny nose
Answer: B. Drooling and tripod positioning
Rationale: Epiglottitis causes airway obstruction and severe distress.
9. A normal Apgar score is:
A. 0–3
B. 4–6
C. 7–10
D. 11–15
Answer: C. 7–10
Rationale: Scores 7–10 indicate a healthy newborn adjustment.
10. Which vaccine prevents measles, mumps, and rubella?
A. DTaP
B. MMR
C. IPV
D. Hib
Answer: B. MMR
Rationale: MMR protects against three viral diseases.
11. Which sign indicates respiratory distress in an infant?
, A. Quiet breathing
B. Nasal flaring
C. Sleeping normally
D. Pink skin
Answer: B. Nasal flaring
Rationale: Nasal flaring is an early sign of respiratory distress.
12. Which finding is expected in a child with asthma exacerbation?
A. Bradycardia
B. Wheezing
C. Hypertension
D. Rash
Answer: B. Wheezing
Rationale: Bronchospasm causes wheezing and airflow obstruction.
13. Which developmental milestone is expected at 6 months?
A. Walking independently
B. Sitting without support
C. Writing sentences
D. Riding a bike
Answer: B. Sitting without support
Rationale: Gross motor development allows independent sitting around 6 months.
14. Which is the best position for an infant with respiratory distress?
A. Supine flat
B. Prone
C. Semi-Fowler’s position
D. Trendelenburg
Answer: C. Semi-Fowler’s position
