Table of Contents:
1. Structure and Bonding
2. Acids and Bases
3. Introduction to Organic Molecules and Functional Groups
4. Alkanes
5. Stereochemistry
6. Understanding Organic Reactions
7. Alkyl Halides and Nucleophilic Substitution
8. Alkyl Halides and Elimination Reactions
9. Alcohols, Ethers, and Related Compounds
10. Alkenes and Addition Reactions
11. Alkynes and Synthesis
12. Oxidation and Reduction Spectroscopy A Mass Spectrometry
Spectroscopy B Infrared Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
13. Radical Reactions
14. Conjugation, Resonance, and Dienes
15. Benzene and Aromatic Compounds
16. Reactions of Aromatic Compounds
17. Introduction to Carbonyl Chemistry: Organometallic Reagents; Oxidation and
Reduction
18. Aldehydes and Ketones—Nucleophilic Addition
19. Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles
20. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives- Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution
21. Substitution Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds at the a-Carbon
22. Carbonyl Condensation Reactions
23. Amines
24. Carbon-Carbon Bond-Forming Reactions in Organic Synthesis
25. Pericyclic Reactions
26. Carbohydrates
27. Amino Acids and Proteins
28. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis
29. Lipids (Available Online)
,30. Metabolism (Available Online)
31. Synthetic Polymers (Available Online)
, Chapter l: Structure and Bonding
l. What is the ground-state electronic configuration ofa carbon atom?
A) ls2, 2s2, 2p5 B) ls2, 2s2, 2p2 C) ls2, 2s2, 2p6 D) ls2, 2s2, 2p4
2. What is the ground-state electronic configuration ofa fluorine atom?
A) ls2, 2s2, 2p2 B) ls2, 2s2, 2p3 C) ls2, 2s2, 2p4 D) ls2, 2s2, 2p5
B)
3. What is the ground-state electronic configuration ofa magnesium cation (Mg2+)?
A) ls2, 2s2, 2p6 C) ls2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2
B) ls2, 2s2, 2p6, 3sl D) ls2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p2
C)
4. What is the ground-state electronic configuration ofa chlorine anion (Cl—)?
A) ls2, 2s2, 2p6 C) ls2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p5
B) ls2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6 D) ls2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p4
5. Which ofthe following statements about valence electrons is true?
A) They are the most tightly held electrons.
B) They do not participate in chemical reactions.
C) They are the outermost electrons.
D) They reveal the period number ofa second-row element.
, 6. Which ofthe following statements about bonding is true?
A) Covalent bonds result from the transfer ofelectrons from one element to another.
B) Ionic bonds result from the transfer ofelectrons from a metal to a non-metal.
C) Ionic bonds result from the sharing ofelectrons between two non-metals.
D) Covalent bonds result from the sharing ofelectrons between two metals.
7. Which ofthe following would y‘ou expect to have ionic bonds?
A) CO B) FBr C) NF3 D) NaCl
8. Which ofthe following molecules has nonpolar covalent bonds?
A) HCl B) N2 C) CHCl3 D) NO
9. Which ofthe following molecules contain both covalent and ionic bonds?
A) I, II B) I, IV C) II, III D) II, IV
10. Arrange the following bonds in decreasing order ofionic character, putting the most
ionic first.
A) I > II > III > IV C) IV > III > II > I
B) IV > II > I > III D) IV > II > III > I
11. Which ofthe following statements correctly‘describes the ty‘pical number ofbonds for
carbon, nitrogen, and oxy‘gen in most neutral organic molecules?
A) Carbon forms 4 covalent bonds, nitrogen forms 2 covalent bonds and oxy‘gen forms
3 covalent bonds.
B) Carbonforms 4 covalent bonds, nitrogen forms 3 covalent bonds and oxy‘gen forms
2 covalent bonds.
1. Structure and Bonding
2. Acids and Bases
3. Introduction to Organic Molecules and Functional Groups
4. Alkanes
5. Stereochemistry
6. Understanding Organic Reactions
7. Alkyl Halides and Nucleophilic Substitution
8. Alkyl Halides and Elimination Reactions
9. Alcohols, Ethers, and Related Compounds
10. Alkenes and Addition Reactions
11. Alkynes and Synthesis
12. Oxidation and Reduction Spectroscopy A Mass Spectrometry
Spectroscopy B Infrared Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
13. Radical Reactions
14. Conjugation, Resonance, and Dienes
15. Benzene and Aromatic Compounds
16. Reactions of Aromatic Compounds
17. Introduction to Carbonyl Chemistry: Organometallic Reagents; Oxidation and
Reduction
18. Aldehydes and Ketones—Nucleophilic Addition
19. Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles
20. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives- Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution
21. Substitution Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds at the a-Carbon
22. Carbonyl Condensation Reactions
23. Amines
24. Carbon-Carbon Bond-Forming Reactions in Organic Synthesis
25. Pericyclic Reactions
26. Carbohydrates
27. Amino Acids and Proteins
28. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis
29. Lipids (Available Online)
,30. Metabolism (Available Online)
31. Synthetic Polymers (Available Online)
, Chapter l: Structure and Bonding
l. What is the ground-state electronic configuration ofa carbon atom?
A) ls2, 2s2, 2p5 B) ls2, 2s2, 2p2 C) ls2, 2s2, 2p6 D) ls2, 2s2, 2p4
2. What is the ground-state electronic configuration ofa fluorine atom?
A) ls2, 2s2, 2p2 B) ls2, 2s2, 2p3 C) ls2, 2s2, 2p4 D) ls2, 2s2, 2p5
B)
3. What is the ground-state electronic configuration ofa magnesium cation (Mg2+)?
A) ls2, 2s2, 2p6 C) ls2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2
B) ls2, 2s2, 2p6, 3sl D) ls2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p2
C)
4. What is the ground-state electronic configuration ofa chlorine anion (Cl—)?
A) ls2, 2s2, 2p6 C) ls2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p5
B) ls2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6 D) ls2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p4
5. Which ofthe following statements about valence electrons is true?
A) They are the most tightly held electrons.
B) They do not participate in chemical reactions.
C) They are the outermost electrons.
D) They reveal the period number ofa second-row element.
, 6. Which ofthe following statements about bonding is true?
A) Covalent bonds result from the transfer ofelectrons from one element to another.
B) Ionic bonds result from the transfer ofelectrons from a metal to a non-metal.
C) Ionic bonds result from the sharing ofelectrons between two non-metals.
D) Covalent bonds result from the sharing ofelectrons between two metals.
7. Which ofthe following would y‘ou expect to have ionic bonds?
A) CO B) FBr C) NF3 D) NaCl
8. Which ofthe following molecules has nonpolar covalent bonds?
A) HCl B) N2 C) CHCl3 D) NO
9. Which ofthe following molecules contain both covalent and ionic bonds?
A) I, II B) I, IV C) II, III D) II, IV
10. Arrange the following bonds in decreasing order ofionic character, putting the most
ionic first.
A) I > II > III > IV C) IV > III > II > I
B) IV > II > I > III D) IV > II > III > I
11. Which ofthe following statements correctly‘describes the ty‘pical number ofbonds for
carbon, nitrogen, and oxy‘gen in most neutral organic molecules?
A) Carbon forms 4 covalent bonds, nitrogen forms 2 covalent bonds and oxy‘gen forms
3 covalent bonds.
B) Carbonforms 4 covalent bonds, nitrogen forms 3 covalent bonds and oxy‘gen forms
2 covalent bonds.
