PAPER 1 → Geography AQA Content → MAKE SURE TO CHECK IN THE
SPECIFICATION WHICH SECTIONS YOU NEED TO DO
Section A
• Volcanoes
• Earthquakes
• Tropical Storms
Section B
• Living world → Cold Environments
• Rainforests
Section C
• Cliffs
• Rivers
Section A
Each has primary effects, including death, destroyed buildings, injuries, soil destruction and
the magnitude of the ground shaking. So anything that happens immediately.
Each has secondary effects, including the homelessness levels, debt, water contamination,
power outages, diseases through water, fires and financial hits. So anything that happens after
the initial event is over.
Earthquakes and Volcanoes made by plates moving and the pressure building through
collisions.
Constructive/Divergent Plates → Move apart, creating land and volcanoes. Magma rises to fill
the gaps made when pulling apart, then cools to make hard rock. Can cause earthquakes, but
not that bad. ← →
Destructive/Convergent Plates → Move towards one another. Dense Oceanic Plate slides
under continental (land) plate, melts to form magma, builds pressure, and causes violent
Earthquakes and volcano eruptions. The sliding is called subduction. —-> <--–
Conservative plate → Plates slide past each other. They don't have much pressure and only
cause Earthquakes. No volcanoes here as no land was created or magma made. —> —>
, Most volcanoes sit around the Pacific Ocean, called the Pacific Ring of Fire (PROF). Most of
the PROF’s volcanoes sit on destructive plate boundaries. Most volcanic activity happens in
Japan, Indonesia and Hawaii.
Plates move very slowly and move due to the convection currents in the magma under the
surface. The magma heats up from the core, rises and moves the crust, and cools to create a
circular motion.
Case studies for each type of plate →
- Conservative Plate Boundary→ San Andreas Fault → Pacific plate slides past North
American Plate, gets stuck, pressure builds, Earthquake. NO VOLCANOES AS NO
CRUST IS MADE OR LOST, NO MAGMA MADE, JUST LOTS OF PRESSURE. The
Biggest Earthquake happened in 1906, killing 3000 people, with a magnitude of 7.9.
- Constructive Plate Boundary → Mid-Atlantic Ridge → Eurasian and North American
Plate move apart to create magma and pressure. Causes Earthquakes. Worst recent
Earthquake happened in 2015, with a magnitude of 7.1.
- Destructive Plate Boundary → Tohoku Earthquake, Japan → 2011, killed 19759
people, injured 6242 and had a magnitude of 9.1. Most deaths were from a tsunami
(Secondary effect). It caused massive flooding and caused a nuclear plant to shut down,
causing the country to lose billions on repairs. →
- https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/Policy-and-Media/Outreach/Plate-Tectonic-Stories/Outer-Isle
s-Pseudotachylytes/Tohoku-Earthquake#
SPECIFICATION WHICH SECTIONS YOU NEED TO DO
Section A
• Volcanoes
• Earthquakes
• Tropical Storms
Section B
• Living world → Cold Environments
• Rainforests
Section C
• Cliffs
• Rivers
Section A
Each has primary effects, including death, destroyed buildings, injuries, soil destruction and
the magnitude of the ground shaking. So anything that happens immediately.
Each has secondary effects, including the homelessness levels, debt, water contamination,
power outages, diseases through water, fires and financial hits. So anything that happens after
the initial event is over.
Earthquakes and Volcanoes made by plates moving and the pressure building through
collisions.
Constructive/Divergent Plates → Move apart, creating land and volcanoes. Magma rises to fill
the gaps made when pulling apart, then cools to make hard rock. Can cause earthquakes, but
not that bad. ← →
Destructive/Convergent Plates → Move towards one another. Dense Oceanic Plate slides
under continental (land) plate, melts to form magma, builds pressure, and causes violent
Earthquakes and volcano eruptions. The sliding is called subduction. —-> <--–
Conservative plate → Plates slide past each other. They don't have much pressure and only
cause Earthquakes. No volcanoes here as no land was created or magma made. —> —>
, Most volcanoes sit around the Pacific Ocean, called the Pacific Ring of Fire (PROF). Most of
the PROF’s volcanoes sit on destructive plate boundaries. Most volcanic activity happens in
Japan, Indonesia and Hawaii.
Plates move very slowly and move due to the convection currents in the magma under the
surface. The magma heats up from the core, rises and moves the crust, and cools to create a
circular motion.
Case studies for each type of plate →
- Conservative Plate Boundary→ San Andreas Fault → Pacific plate slides past North
American Plate, gets stuck, pressure builds, Earthquake. NO VOLCANOES AS NO
CRUST IS MADE OR LOST, NO MAGMA MADE, JUST LOTS OF PRESSURE. The
Biggest Earthquake happened in 1906, killing 3000 people, with a magnitude of 7.9.
- Constructive Plate Boundary → Mid-Atlantic Ridge → Eurasian and North American
Plate move apart to create magma and pressure. Causes Earthquakes. Worst recent
Earthquake happened in 2015, with a magnitude of 7.1.
- Destructive Plate Boundary → Tohoku Earthquake, Japan → 2011, killed 19759
people, injured 6242 and had a magnitude of 9.1. Most deaths were from a tsunami
(Secondary effect). It caused massive flooding and caused a nuclear plant to shut down,
causing the country to lose billions on repairs. →
- https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/Policy-and-Media/Outreach/Plate-Tectonic-Stories/Outer-Isle
s-Pseudotachylytes/Tohoku-Earthquake#
