CYBERSECURITY FUNDAMENTALS EXAMINATION
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWER WITH
EXPLANATION GRADED A+ STUDY GUIDE SOUTHERN
NEW HAMPSHIRE UNIVERSITY
1. Cybersecurity is:
A. Protection of systems and data from attacks
B. Building hardware only
C. Writing websites only
D. Designing databases only
Answer: A
Rationale: Cybersecurity protects digital systems.
2. The main goal of cybersecurity is to ensure:
A. Confidentiality, integrity, availability
B. Speed, design, storage
C. Hardware performance
D. Software installation
Answer: A
Rationale: CIA triad is core principle.
3. Confidentiality means:
A. Data is only accessible to authorized users
B. Data is deleted
C. Data is public
D. Data is encrypted only
Answer: A
Rationale: Restricts access to information.
4. Integrity means:
A. Data is not altered improperly
B. Data is deleted
C. Data is shared
D. Data is stored offline
Answer: A
Rationale: Ensures accuracy of data.
,5. Availability means:
A. Systems are accessible when needed
B. Systems are offline
C. Systems are deleted
D. Systems are slow
Answer: A
Rationale: Ensures uptime.
6. Malware is:
A. Malicious software
B. Security software
C. Operating system
D. Hardware device
Answer: A
Rationale: Harmful programs.
7. Virus is:
A. Self-replicating malware
B. Hardware component
C. Browser tool
D. Network protocol
Answer: A
Rationale: Spreads between files.
8. Worm is:
A. Malware that spreads without user action
B. Antivirus software
C. OS component
D. Firewall system
Answer: A
Rationale: Self-spreading malware.
9. Trojan horse is:
A. Malware disguised as legitimate software
B. Hardware device
C. Network protocol
D. Database system
Answer: A
Rationale: Hidden malicious program.
, 10. Ransomware is:
A. Malware that locks data for payment
B. Antivirus tool
C. OS update
D. Browser extension
Answer: A
Rationale: Extortion malware.
11. Spyware is used to:
A. Secretly collect user data
B. Improve performance
C. Update software
D. Encrypt files
Answer: A
Rationale: Steals information.
12. Adware is:
A. Displays unwanted ads
B. Antivirus software
C. Firewall system
D. OS tool
Answer: A
Rationale: Advertising malware.
13. Phishing is:
A. Fraudulent attempt to steal information
B. Network design
C. Software update
D. Hardware attack
Answer: A
Rationale: Social engineering attack.
14. Social engineering is:
A. Manipulating people to reveal data
B. Encrypting data
C. Designing hardware
D. Writing code
Answer: A
Rationale: Human-based attack.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWER WITH
EXPLANATION GRADED A+ STUDY GUIDE SOUTHERN
NEW HAMPSHIRE UNIVERSITY
1. Cybersecurity is:
A. Protection of systems and data from attacks
B. Building hardware only
C. Writing websites only
D. Designing databases only
Answer: A
Rationale: Cybersecurity protects digital systems.
2. The main goal of cybersecurity is to ensure:
A. Confidentiality, integrity, availability
B. Speed, design, storage
C. Hardware performance
D. Software installation
Answer: A
Rationale: CIA triad is core principle.
3. Confidentiality means:
A. Data is only accessible to authorized users
B. Data is deleted
C. Data is public
D. Data is encrypted only
Answer: A
Rationale: Restricts access to information.
4. Integrity means:
A. Data is not altered improperly
B. Data is deleted
C. Data is shared
D. Data is stored offline
Answer: A
Rationale: Ensures accuracy of data.
,5. Availability means:
A. Systems are accessible when needed
B. Systems are offline
C. Systems are deleted
D. Systems are slow
Answer: A
Rationale: Ensures uptime.
6. Malware is:
A. Malicious software
B. Security software
C. Operating system
D. Hardware device
Answer: A
Rationale: Harmful programs.
7. Virus is:
A. Self-replicating malware
B. Hardware component
C. Browser tool
D. Network protocol
Answer: A
Rationale: Spreads between files.
8. Worm is:
A. Malware that spreads without user action
B. Antivirus software
C. OS component
D. Firewall system
Answer: A
Rationale: Self-spreading malware.
9. Trojan horse is:
A. Malware disguised as legitimate software
B. Hardware device
C. Network protocol
D. Database system
Answer: A
Rationale: Hidden malicious program.
, 10. Ransomware is:
A. Malware that locks data for payment
B. Antivirus tool
C. OS update
D. Browser extension
Answer: A
Rationale: Extortion malware.
11. Spyware is used to:
A. Secretly collect user data
B. Improve performance
C. Update software
D. Encrypt files
Answer: A
Rationale: Steals information.
12. Adware is:
A. Displays unwanted ads
B. Antivirus software
C. Firewall system
D. OS tool
Answer: A
Rationale: Advertising malware.
13. Phishing is:
A. Fraudulent attempt to steal information
B. Network design
C. Software update
D. Hardware attack
Answer: A
Rationale: Social engineering attack.
14. Social engineering is:
A. Manipulating people to reveal data
B. Encrypting data
C. Designing hardware
D. Writing code
Answer: A
Rationale: Human-based attack.
