ANT 2000 Final Exam Study Set ACTUAL UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Anthropology The holistic study of humans, past and present.
Four Fields of Anthropology Cultural anthropology, archaeology, biological anthropology, linguistic
anthropology.
, Ethnography In-depth study of a culture through fieldwork.
Ethnocentrism Judging other cultures by one's own cultural standards.
Cultural Relativism Understanding cultures on their own terms.
Research Ethics Do no harm, obtain informed consent, and protect identities.
Evolution Change in genetic traits over generations through the process of natural
selection.
Natural Selection Differential survival and reproduction of individuals.
Mutation Random change in DNA; source of new variation.
Gene Flow Movement of genes between populations.
Genetic Drift Random change in gene frequency in small populations.
Adaptation Genetic trait shaped by natural selection to aid survival of an organism in a
specific environment.
Acclimatization Short-term, reversible physiological adjustment.
Primate Mammals including prosimians, monkeys, and apes.
Primate Social Structures Patterns of group living among primates.
Opposable Thumb Thumb that can touch other fingers to aid in grasping.
Primate Communication Use of vocalizations, gestures, and expressions.
Primate Conservation Protection of endangered primate species.
Hominin All members of the human lineage after the split from chimpanzees.
Bipedalism Walking almost exclusively on two legs; key hominin trait.
Australopithecus Early bipedal hominins living 4-2 million years ago.
Homo habilis First major toolmakers.
Homo erectus First hominin species to leave Africa as a biped.
Neanderthals Archaic humans that coexisted with Homo sapiens and were adapted to cold
climates.
Out-of-Africa Model Modern humans evolved in Africa and spread globally.
ANSWERS
Anthropology The holistic study of humans, past and present.
Four Fields of Anthropology Cultural anthropology, archaeology, biological anthropology, linguistic
anthropology.
, Ethnography In-depth study of a culture through fieldwork.
Ethnocentrism Judging other cultures by one's own cultural standards.
Cultural Relativism Understanding cultures on their own terms.
Research Ethics Do no harm, obtain informed consent, and protect identities.
Evolution Change in genetic traits over generations through the process of natural
selection.
Natural Selection Differential survival and reproduction of individuals.
Mutation Random change in DNA; source of new variation.
Gene Flow Movement of genes between populations.
Genetic Drift Random change in gene frequency in small populations.
Adaptation Genetic trait shaped by natural selection to aid survival of an organism in a
specific environment.
Acclimatization Short-term, reversible physiological adjustment.
Primate Mammals including prosimians, monkeys, and apes.
Primate Social Structures Patterns of group living among primates.
Opposable Thumb Thumb that can touch other fingers to aid in grasping.
Primate Communication Use of vocalizations, gestures, and expressions.
Primate Conservation Protection of endangered primate species.
Hominin All members of the human lineage after the split from chimpanzees.
Bipedalism Walking almost exclusively on two legs; key hominin trait.
Australopithecus Early bipedal hominins living 4-2 million years ago.
Homo habilis First major toolmakers.
Homo erectus First hominin species to leave Africa as a biped.
Neanderthals Archaic humans that coexisted with Homo sapiens and were adapted to cold
climates.
Out-of-Africa Model Modern humans evolved in Africa and spread globally.
