Galen NUR 242 Final Exam | Questions
and Verified Answers | 100% Correct |
Grade A
This Galen College of Nursing NUR 242 Final Exam is a comprehensive, 161-
question cumulative assessment for Medical-Surgical Nursing. It primarily tests
advanced concepts in acid-base imbalances, complex cardiovascular/respiratory
disorders, renal dysfunction, and oncology, utilizing NCLEX-style application
questions. Passing requires prioritizing clinical judgments and understanding
physiological rationales rather than pure memorization.
Core Exam Concepts
• Respiratory: Complex pneumonia, acute respiratory failure, and ventilator
management.
• Cardiovascular: Hemodynamic monitoring, heart failure exacerbations,
and dysrhythmias.
• Renal: Acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and dialysis
interventions.
• Oncology: Cancer staging, tumor lysis syndrome, and chemotherapy side
effects.
• Endocrine: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic
state (HHS).
Quiz_________________?
What are the etiologies of intracranial pressure? -
Answer
Hemorrhage (Fluid Build Up due to stroke or aneurysm)
Cerebral Edema
1
,Cerebral Spinal Fluid
Tumor pushing on tissues
Quiz_________________?
What is an overt S/S of cerebral Intracranial Pressure? -
Answer
Emesis - projectile vomiting
Dizziness
Quiz_________________?
Other manifestations of Increasing Intracranial pressure (IICP) -
Answer
Pressure in the brain
Increased Blood Pressure
Bradycardia (Decreased Pulse)
Cerebral Spinal Fluid Drainage (Ears, Nose)
Quiz_________________?
How would you know that the rhinorrhea or otorrhea drainage is Cerebral Spinal
Fluid and not typical drainage? -
Answer
Test for glucose
2
, Quiz_________________?
What type of diuretic is given for Increasing Intracranial pressure? -
Answer
Osmotic Diuretic - Mannitol
Quiz_________________?
How would you know Mannitol is effective at decreasing Intracranial pressure? -
Answer
Increased urinary output
Reduced BP
Level of Consciousness Improvement
Less headache
Quiz_________________?
Do I need to worry about orthostatic hypotension with diuretics like mannitol? -
Answer
No, Osmotic diuretics work differently than other diuretics. Osmotic diuretics
continuously pull fluid from the rest of the body into the vascular space.
Constantly filling the vascular space.
Quiz_________________?
3
, What is the Monroe Kelly hypothesis? -
Answer
The constant balance between blood, tissue and CSF in the brain. If one increases
or decreases the others attempt to balance it out.
Quiz_________________?
What is the underlying cause of diabetes insipidus? -
Answer
To little Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Quiz_________________?
How does having too few ADH affect the fluid and electrolyte balance in the
body? -
Answer
The patient will be hypernatremic
Dehydrated
There is no antidiuretic to stop the fluid loss
Quiz_________________?
How does excessive secretion of ADH (SIADH) impact the body -
Answer
Too much of the hormone ADH
4
and Verified Answers | 100% Correct |
Grade A
This Galen College of Nursing NUR 242 Final Exam is a comprehensive, 161-
question cumulative assessment for Medical-Surgical Nursing. It primarily tests
advanced concepts in acid-base imbalances, complex cardiovascular/respiratory
disorders, renal dysfunction, and oncology, utilizing NCLEX-style application
questions. Passing requires prioritizing clinical judgments and understanding
physiological rationales rather than pure memorization.
Core Exam Concepts
• Respiratory: Complex pneumonia, acute respiratory failure, and ventilator
management.
• Cardiovascular: Hemodynamic monitoring, heart failure exacerbations,
and dysrhythmias.
• Renal: Acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and dialysis
interventions.
• Oncology: Cancer staging, tumor lysis syndrome, and chemotherapy side
effects.
• Endocrine: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic
state (HHS).
Quiz_________________?
What are the etiologies of intracranial pressure? -
Answer
Hemorrhage (Fluid Build Up due to stroke or aneurysm)
Cerebral Edema
1
,Cerebral Spinal Fluid
Tumor pushing on tissues
Quiz_________________?
What is an overt S/S of cerebral Intracranial Pressure? -
Answer
Emesis - projectile vomiting
Dizziness
Quiz_________________?
Other manifestations of Increasing Intracranial pressure (IICP) -
Answer
Pressure in the brain
Increased Blood Pressure
Bradycardia (Decreased Pulse)
Cerebral Spinal Fluid Drainage (Ears, Nose)
Quiz_________________?
How would you know that the rhinorrhea or otorrhea drainage is Cerebral Spinal
Fluid and not typical drainage? -
Answer
Test for glucose
2
, Quiz_________________?
What type of diuretic is given for Increasing Intracranial pressure? -
Answer
Osmotic Diuretic - Mannitol
Quiz_________________?
How would you know Mannitol is effective at decreasing Intracranial pressure? -
Answer
Increased urinary output
Reduced BP
Level of Consciousness Improvement
Less headache
Quiz_________________?
Do I need to worry about orthostatic hypotension with diuretics like mannitol? -
Answer
No, Osmotic diuretics work differently than other diuretics. Osmotic diuretics
continuously pull fluid from the rest of the body into the vascular space.
Constantly filling the vascular space.
Quiz_________________?
3
, What is the Monroe Kelly hypothesis? -
Answer
The constant balance between blood, tissue and CSF in the brain. If one increases
or decreases the others attempt to balance it out.
Quiz_________________?
What is the underlying cause of diabetes insipidus? -
Answer
To little Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Quiz_________________?
How does having too few ADH affect the fluid and electrolyte balance in the
body? -
Answer
The patient will be hypernatremic
Dehydrated
There is no antidiuretic to stop the fluid loss
Quiz_________________?
How does excessive secretion of ADH (SIADH) impact the body -
Answer
Too much of the hormone ADH
4
