Energy Metabolism and Weight Management (NR 228 Week 3) 2026
|Chamberlain
1. Which component of energy expenditure usually accounts for the largest part
of a person’s daily energy needs?
A. Basal metabolic rate
B. Thermic effect of food
C. Physical activity
D. Adaptive thermogenesis
Answer: A
Rationale: Basal metabolic rate (BMR) typically accounts for 60-75% of total daily energy
expenditure for most sedentary individuals.
2. Which process describes the building of complex molecules from simpler
ones, such as protein synthesis?
A. Catabolism
B. Glycolysis
C. Anabolism
D. Hydrolysis
Answer: C
Rationale: Anabolism is the metabolic pathway that constructs molecules from smaller
units, requiring energy (ATP).
,3. A Body Mass Index (BMI) of 27.5 is categorized as:
A. Underweight
B. Normal weight
C. Obese
D. Overweight
Answer: D
Rationale: The BMI range for overweight is 25.0 to 29.9.
4. Which hormone is secreted by the stomach and signals the brain to increase
appetite?
A. Ghrelin
B. Insulin
C. Cholecystokinin
D. Leptin
Answer: A
Rationale: Ghrelin is known as the ‘hunger hormone’ because it stimulates appetite and
increases food intake.
5. The thermic effect of food (TEF) accounts for approximately what percentage
of total energy expenditure?
A. 10%
B. 5%
C. 20%
D. 25%
Answer: A
Rationale: TEF is the energy used to digest, absorb, and metabolize nutrients, usually
estimated at 10% of total energy intake.
, 6. Which of the following factors would most likely increase a person’s Basal
Metabolic Rate (BMR)?
A. Aging
B. Increased lean body mass
C. Fasting
D. Sleep
Answer: B
Rationale: Muscle tissue is more metabolically active than fat tissue; therefore, higher lean
body mass increases BMR.
7. What is the primary high-energy molecule used by cells to perform work?
A. Glucose
B. Amino acids
C. ATP
D. Fatty acids
Answer: C
Rationale: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the universal energy currency of the cell.
8. Which metabolic pathway breaks down glucose into pyruvate to produce
energy?
A. TCA cycle
B. Gluconeogenesis
C. Glycolysis
D. Lipolysis
Answer: C
Rationale: Glycolysis is the anaerobic process of breaking down one glucose molecule into
two pyruvate molecules.
|Chamberlain
1. Which component of energy expenditure usually accounts for the largest part
of a person’s daily energy needs?
A. Basal metabolic rate
B. Thermic effect of food
C. Physical activity
D. Adaptive thermogenesis
Answer: A
Rationale: Basal metabolic rate (BMR) typically accounts for 60-75% of total daily energy
expenditure for most sedentary individuals.
2. Which process describes the building of complex molecules from simpler
ones, such as protein synthesis?
A. Catabolism
B. Glycolysis
C. Anabolism
D. Hydrolysis
Answer: C
Rationale: Anabolism is the metabolic pathway that constructs molecules from smaller
units, requiring energy (ATP).
,3. A Body Mass Index (BMI) of 27.5 is categorized as:
A. Underweight
B. Normal weight
C. Obese
D. Overweight
Answer: D
Rationale: The BMI range for overweight is 25.0 to 29.9.
4. Which hormone is secreted by the stomach and signals the brain to increase
appetite?
A. Ghrelin
B. Insulin
C. Cholecystokinin
D. Leptin
Answer: A
Rationale: Ghrelin is known as the ‘hunger hormone’ because it stimulates appetite and
increases food intake.
5. The thermic effect of food (TEF) accounts for approximately what percentage
of total energy expenditure?
A. 10%
B. 5%
C. 20%
D. 25%
Answer: A
Rationale: TEF is the energy used to digest, absorb, and metabolize nutrients, usually
estimated at 10% of total energy intake.
, 6. Which of the following factors would most likely increase a person’s Basal
Metabolic Rate (BMR)?
A. Aging
B. Increased lean body mass
C. Fasting
D. Sleep
Answer: B
Rationale: Muscle tissue is more metabolically active than fat tissue; therefore, higher lean
body mass increases BMR.
7. What is the primary high-energy molecule used by cells to perform work?
A. Glucose
B. Amino acids
C. ATP
D. Fatty acids
Answer: C
Rationale: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the universal energy currency of the cell.
8. Which metabolic pathway breaks down glucose into pyruvate to produce
energy?
A. TCA cycle
B. Gluconeogenesis
C. Glycolysis
D. Lipolysis
Answer: C
Rationale: Glycolysis is the anaerobic process of breaking down one glucose molecule into
two pyruvate molecules.
