CJUS 410 EXAM QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED LATEST UPDATE 2026

CJUS 410 EXAM QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED LATEST UPDATE 2026 Consent Search - Answers Occurs when a person voluntarily waives his or her 4th amendment rights and allows a law enforcement officer to search his or her body, premises, or belongings. (No warrant or probable cause) Schnecloth v. Bustamonte - Answers Consent may not be coerced, by explicit or implicit means, by implied threat or covert force. The 4th Amendment does not require that a lawfully seized person be advised they are "free to go" before the consent can be ruled voluntary. True or False - Answers True United States v. Mendenhall - Answers Consent is not involuntary because person is under arrest or otherwise in custody, but harder to prove. Evasive or uncooperative conduct by arrestee suggests consent not voluntary. True or False - Answers True Florida v. Royer (1983) - Answers Illegal arrest will taint consent and render it involuntary under "fruit of the poisonous tree." Consent may be written or verbal. True or False. - Answers True Consent can be communicated via conduct, so long as the consent is clear and unequivocal. (Get keys, opens door, turns on light. True or False - Answers True Voluntariness may be affected by the physical, mental, or emotional condition and the intelligence or educational level of the person giving consent. True or False - Answers True An invitation to ______ the premises is not the equivalent of consent to _______ the premises. - Answers Enter Search Once inside lawfully, _____ _______ ________ will permit seizure of contraband. - Answers Plain view doctine The scope of a consent search depends on what the typical reasonable person would have understood by the exchange between the officer and the suspect. - Answers Objective Reasonableness The only person able to give a valid consent to search is the person whose consitutional protection against unreasonable searches and seizures would be invaded if conducted without consent. True or False - Answers True A person may specifically authorize another to consent to a search of the property. True or False - Answers True Consent to a search a location may be obtained from a 3rd pary whom the police, at the time of the entry, __________ _______ has the authority to grant. - Answers reasonably believe _________ of home is not authority to authorize search of guest bag, without express permission. - Answers Ownership Illinois v. Rodriguez - Answers If A is not present, and B grants permission to search their room police do not have to confirm with B. Georgia v. Randolph - Answers If both parties are present and A consent but B refuses no search is allowed. Fernandez v. California - Answers If A& B are present, A consents but B refuses, then B is lawfully removed from the scene, and A consents, B's previous objection does not matter. The threatening presence of several officer;the display of a weapon by an officer; some physical touching of the person of the citizen; or the use of language tone of voice indicating that compliance with the officer's request might be compelled . . . in the absence of some such evidence, otherwise inoffensive contact between a member of the public and the police cannot, as a matter of law, amount to a seizure of that person. - Answers Examples of a possible seizure Florida v. Bostick - Answers Established that law enforcement officers may aska person basic investigatory questions, including requests to examine identification or search luggage, and there is no seizure for Fourth Amendment purposes. Reasonable Suspicion - Answers Considerably less than proof of wrongdoing by a preponderance of the evidence" and "is obviously less demanding than that for probable cause" A law enforcement officer may stop and briefly detain a person for investigative purposes if the officer has a ____________ ___________ supported by articulable facts that criminal activity "may be afoot," even if the officer lacks probable cause - Answers Reasonable Suspicion In a(n) _______________ stop the officer need only show facts indicating the possibility that criminal behavior is afoot. - Answers Investigative The U.S. Supreme Court authorized the stop of a person whom officers suspected of being involved in a _____________ felony. - Answers Instead of applying PBC, Court applied reasonableness requirement of the fourth amendment - Answers Terry Court found that LEO did not have reasonable suspicion that Sibron was armed and dangerous, frisk wass unlawful - Answers Sibron Search was justified because officer had PBC to arest based on furtive movements and flight. - Answers Peters Stop & Fres - Answers The Reasonableness Standard The determination of reasonableness involves a balancing of the competing interest involved in a stop and frisk. They are: - Answers 1. A citizens right to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures. 2. Governmental interests in effective crime prevention and detection The least intrusive type of seizure - Answers Stop Only when the officer, by means of __________ ________ or show _________ has in some way restrained the liberty of a citizen. - Answers Physical force Authority