Portage Learning A&P I
Final Exam
1. List two organs contained in the abdominal cavity.: The abdominal cavity
contains the stomach, intestines, spleen and liver
2. True or False?
a. Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria. (T or F)
b. The purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ATP. (T or F)
c. Integral proteins are only found on the inner surface of a cell
membrane. (T or F)
d. Endocytosis is the process that occurs to eject
biomacromolecules from the cell. (T or F)
e. Pinocytosis uses a signaling molecule from another cell, binding
to the cell membrane to bring about changes within the cell
proteins. (T or F): a. True
b. True
c. False
d. False
e. False
3. You are observing two cells under the microscope. They are the
same type of eukaryotic cell but one appears much larger. Based on
appearance alone, which one would you expect to be carrying out
respiration at a more active rate, the larger or smaller cell? Explain why.: I
believe it is the smaller cell that will breathe at a more active rate because in order for
respiration to occur eflciently and more actively the surface area to volume ratio is very critical; also, if
the larger surface area is present then the dittusion of gases occur at a higher rate; so, larger cells will
, Portage Learning A&P I
Final Exam
have a smaller surface to volume ratio and dittusion that will occur at a slower rate creating a less active
respiration; and, on the other hand smaller cells will have a larger surface area to volume ratio and
an improved dittusion rate, so the higher rate and more active respiration.
The smaller cell. Cells need to remain relatively small because as a cell expands the amount of surface
area relative to the volume of the cell decreases. The smaller cell is more active because relative to its
volume, its surface area is larger than a bigger cell. With a larger surface area (relative to its volume)
this allows the metabolic processes to occur faster.
4. Note: Essay answers must clearly be in your own words.
Explain what happens to the epiglottis during swallowing. Why?: During
swallowing
, Portage Learning A&P I
Final Exam
the epiglottis moves inferiorly to close ott and prevent aspiration by covering the trachea and creating
a passage for liquid, food, or bolus into the esophagus; and, preventing these things from entering
into the lungs.
5. Air and food pass in which one of the following areas:: Oropharynx
6. Label the following five items from the diagram:
Label B-
Label D-
Label E-
Label F-
Label G- : B - Oral Cavity
D - Epiglottis
E - Glottis
F - Trachea
G - Esophagus
7. From widest to narrowest, the branches of the bronchial tree
are:: Primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles
8. Explain why someone who has hypergastrinemia (excessive
secretion of gastrin) might develop gastric/stomach ulcers.:
Hypergastrinemia leads to excess secretion of the gastrin hormone, which induces excess
secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach; and, the excess acid then acts as a protective mucousa
layer causing disruption that can lead to those ulcers.
Gastrin stimulates the secretions of pepsinogens and hydrochloric acid. Excess amounts would lead to
erosion of the stomach lining.
, Portage Learning A&P I
Final Exam
9. Look carefully at the diagram below. Label the following 5
organs of the digestive system.
To receive credit for the intestines you must label the
specific region. 3:
4:
7:
9:
10: : 3. Stomach
4. Gallbladder
7. Jejunum
Final Exam
1. List two organs contained in the abdominal cavity.: The abdominal cavity
contains the stomach, intestines, spleen and liver
2. True or False?
a. Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria. (T or F)
b. The purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ATP. (T or F)
c. Integral proteins are only found on the inner surface of a cell
membrane. (T or F)
d. Endocytosis is the process that occurs to eject
biomacromolecules from the cell. (T or F)
e. Pinocytosis uses a signaling molecule from another cell, binding
to the cell membrane to bring about changes within the cell
proteins. (T or F): a. True
b. True
c. False
d. False
e. False
3. You are observing two cells under the microscope. They are the
same type of eukaryotic cell but one appears much larger. Based on
appearance alone, which one would you expect to be carrying out
respiration at a more active rate, the larger or smaller cell? Explain why.: I
believe it is the smaller cell that will breathe at a more active rate because in order for
respiration to occur eflciently and more actively the surface area to volume ratio is very critical; also, if
the larger surface area is present then the dittusion of gases occur at a higher rate; so, larger cells will
, Portage Learning A&P I
Final Exam
have a smaller surface to volume ratio and dittusion that will occur at a slower rate creating a less active
respiration; and, on the other hand smaller cells will have a larger surface area to volume ratio and
an improved dittusion rate, so the higher rate and more active respiration.
The smaller cell. Cells need to remain relatively small because as a cell expands the amount of surface
area relative to the volume of the cell decreases. The smaller cell is more active because relative to its
volume, its surface area is larger than a bigger cell. With a larger surface area (relative to its volume)
this allows the metabolic processes to occur faster.
4. Note: Essay answers must clearly be in your own words.
Explain what happens to the epiglottis during swallowing. Why?: During
swallowing
, Portage Learning A&P I
Final Exam
the epiglottis moves inferiorly to close ott and prevent aspiration by covering the trachea and creating
a passage for liquid, food, or bolus into the esophagus; and, preventing these things from entering
into the lungs.
5. Air and food pass in which one of the following areas:: Oropharynx
6. Label the following five items from the diagram:
Label B-
Label D-
Label E-
Label F-
Label G- : B - Oral Cavity
D - Epiglottis
E - Glottis
F - Trachea
G - Esophagus
7. From widest to narrowest, the branches of the bronchial tree
are:: Primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles
8. Explain why someone who has hypergastrinemia (excessive
secretion of gastrin) might develop gastric/stomach ulcers.:
Hypergastrinemia leads to excess secretion of the gastrin hormone, which induces excess
secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach; and, the excess acid then acts as a protective mucousa
layer causing disruption that can lead to those ulcers.
Gastrin stimulates the secretions of pepsinogens and hydrochloric acid. Excess amounts would lead to
erosion of the stomach lining.
, Portage Learning A&P I
Final Exam
9. Look carefully at the diagram below. Label the following 5
organs of the digestive system.
To receive credit for the intestines you must label the
specific region. 3:
4:
7:
9:
10: : 3. Stomach
4. Gallbladder
7. Jejunum
