USMLE FINAL TEST 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ What is the sympathetic receptor at the AV node?.
Answer: beta1
◍ Cytotoxic purine analog that irreversible INHIBITS ADA.
Answer: pentostatin
◍ what is the defect in familial hypercholesterolemia?.
Answer: absent or decreased LDL receptors
◍ Struvite crystals"coffin lid shape"Staghorn kidney stoneammonium
magnesium phosphatefrom proteus= urease (+), & flagella.
Answer:
◍ Reentrant circuit -> arrhythmia. What arrhythmia?.
Answer: PSVT
◍ sensitivity vs. specificity.
Answer: sensitivity - how well a test identifies truly ill people (SNOUT -
rules OUT)specificity - how well a test identifies truly well people (SPIN -
rules IN)
◍ what is norepinephrine selective for?.
Answer: alpha > beta1 (NO beta2 activity)
◍ cherry-red spot on macula - possible diagnoses?.
Answer: Tay-Sachs or Niemann-Pick disease
◍ sumatriptan - mechanism of action?- used for?- side effect?.
Answer: serotonin agonist - inhibits trigeminal activation and vasoactive
peptide release- migraines, cluster headaches- coronary vasospasm
◍ Dermatitis herpetiformis *Celiac dzGI sx + rash think celiac.
, Answer:
◍ Rituximab.
Answer: anti cd20
◍ source of folate.
Answer: green leaves (FOLate from FOLiage)
◍ Would a muscarinic agonist be used for paralytic ileus (such as post
abdominal surgery)?.
Answer: yes
◍ Osler nodesInfective endocarditisPAINFUL raised red lesions on finger/toe,
Osler (owch)Janeway lesion= PAINLESS.
Answer:
◍ 1,3 beta glucan -> polysaccharide ->fungal cell WALL (not
membrane).What drug blocks glucan synthesis?.
Answer: caspofunginechinocandin
◍ Auer rods= AMLspecifically APML= t(15;17)MPO+ (myeloperoxidase)Tx:
All Trans Retinoic Acid (vit. A).
Answer:
◍ acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury.
Answer: Cushing's ulcer
◍ what class of drugs are methicillin, nafcillin, and dicloxacillin?- what
bacteria are they used for?- side effect of methicillin?.
Answer: penicillinase-resistant penicillins- S. aureus (but not MRSA)-
interstitial nephritis
◍ guaifenesin - used for?.
Answer: expectorant - removes excess sputum
◍ most common brain tumor in kids- location?.
Answer: medulloblastoma - in cerebellum
◍ characteristics of manic episode.
, Answer: maniacs DIG FAST:Distractibility, Irresponsibility,
GrandiosityFlight of ideas, goal-directed Activity, Agitation, decreased need
for Sleep, Talkativeness
◍ most common cause of mental retardation- 2nd most common?.
Answer: Down syndrome- fragile X is 2nd
◍ diazoxide - mechanism of action?- used for?.
Answer: K+ channel opener - hyperpolarizes and relaxes vascular smooth
muscle- malignant hypertension
◍ name 10 X-linked recessive disorders.
Answer: Be Wise, Fool's GOLD Heeds False Hope:Bruton's
agammaglobulinemiaWiskott-Aldrich syndromeFragile XG6PD
defiencyOcular albinismLesch-Nyhan syndromeDuchenne's/Becker's
muscular dystrophyHemophilia A and BFabry's diseaseHunter's syndrome
◍ what is the defect in syringomyelia?- symptom?.
Answer: enlarged central canal of spinal cord - damages crossing fibers of
spinothalamic tract- so bilateral loss of pain and temperature sense
◍ fluoroquinolones - mechanism of action?.
Answer: inhibit DNA gyrase
◍ Henoch-Schonlein Purpurachild w/ palpable purpura s/p URI,type 3
HSR,IgA (as is PAN,type 3 HSR, p-ANCA think HBV sAg).
Answer:
◍ ElliptocyteHeriditary elliptocytosis- pretty benign.
Answer:
◍ True or False?At <4hrs post MI, myocardium will appear histologically
normal..
Answer: true
◍ Hutchinson teethCongenital Syphilis.
Answer:
◍ characteristics of Fc portion of antibody.
, Answer: ConstantCarboxy terminal of heavy chainComplement-binding
areaCarbohydrate side chains
◍ anti IgE drug. moderate-severe asthma with allergic trigger component.
Studies show response to this drug that enables tapering inhaled
corticosteroid dose and ceasing oral corticosteroid..
Answer: omalizumab
◍ most common skin cancer.
Answer: basal cell carcinoma
◍ name 4 tumors that have psammoma bodies.
Answer: PSaMMoma:Papillary adenocarcinoma of thyroidSerous papillary
cystadenocarcinoma of ovaryMeningiomaMesothelioma
◍ symptoms of lead poisoning- treatment?.
Answer: LEAD:Lead Lines on gingivae (Burton's lines)Encephalopathy,
Erythrocyte basophilic stipplingAbdominal colic, sideroblastic
AnemiaDrops (wrist and foot drop)- treatment: dimercaprol and EDTA,
succimer for kids (it sucks to be a kid with lead poisoning)
◍ Chemotherapy->Sdx=hemarrhagic cystitis->burning on urination +
urgency.What drug?.
Answer: cyclophosphamideifosfamide
◍ renal cell carcinoma, cavernous hemangiomas, adenomas - diagnosis?.
Answer: von Hippel-Lindau disease
◍ Aschoff bodies - diagnosis?.
Answer: rheumatic fever
◍ cytotoxic vs. helper T cells - which has CD4 and which has CD8?- which
MHC class do they each bind to?.
Answer: cytotoxic T cells - CD8 (binds MHC I)helper T cells - CD4 (binds
MHC II)(product of CD and MHC = 8)
◍ what are three main drugs used to treat nematode (roundworm) infections?.
Answer: meBENDazole (worms are BENDy), pyrantel pamoate,
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ What is the sympathetic receptor at the AV node?.
Answer: beta1
◍ Cytotoxic purine analog that irreversible INHIBITS ADA.
Answer: pentostatin
◍ what is the defect in familial hypercholesterolemia?.
Answer: absent or decreased LDL receptors
◍ Struvite crystals"coffin lid shape"Staghorn kidney stoneammonium
magnesium phosphatefrom proteus= urease (+), & flagella.
Answer:
◍ Reentrant circuit -> arrhythmia. What arrhythmia?.
Answer: PSVT
◍ sensitivity vs. specificity.
Answer: sensitivity - how well a test identifies truly ill people (SNOUT -
rules OUT)specificity - how well a test identifies truly well people (SPIN -
rules IN)
◍ what is norepinephrine selective for?.
Answer: alpha > beta1 (NO beta2 activity)
◍ cherry-red spot on macula - possible diagnoses?.
Answer: Tay-Sachs or Niemann-Pick disease
◍ sumatriptan - mechanism of action?- used for?- side effect?.
Answer: serotonin agonist - inhibits trigeminal activation and vasoactive
peptide release- migraines, cluster headaches- coronary vasospasm
◍ Dermatitis herpetiformis *Celiac dzGI sx + rash think celiac.
, Answer:
◍ Rituximab.
Answer: anti cd20
◍ source of folate.
Answer: green leaves (FOLate from FOLiage)
◍ Would a muscarinic agonist be used for paralytic ileus (such as post
abdominal surgery)?.
Answer: yes
◍ Osler nodesInfective endocarditisPAINFUL raised red lesions on finger/toe,
Osler (owch)Janeway lesion= PAINLESS.
Answer:
◍ 1,3 beta glucan -> polysaccharide ->fungal cell WALL (not
membrane).What drug blocks glucan synthesis?.
Answer: caspofunginechinocandin
◍ Auer rods= AMLspecifically APML= t(15;17)MPO+ (myeloperoxidase)Tx:
All Trans Retinoic Acid (vit. A).
Answer:
◍ acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury.
Answer: Cushing's ulcer
◍ what class of drugs are methicillin, nafcillin, and dicloxacillin?- what
bacteria are they used for?- side effect of methicillin?.
Answer: penicillinase-resistant penicillins- S. aureus (but not MRSA)-
interstitial nephritis
◍ guaifenesin - used for?.
Answer: expectorant - removes excess sputum
◍ most common brain tumor in kids- location?.
Answer: medulloblastoma - in cerebellum
◍ characteristics of manic episode.
, Answer: maniacs DIG FAST:Distractibility, Irresponsibility,
GrandiosityFlight of ideas, goal-directed Activity, Agitation, decreased need
for Sleep, Talkativeness
◍ most common cause of mental retardation- 2nd most common?.
Answer: Down syndrome- fragile X is 2nd
◍ diazoxide - mechanism of action?- used for?.
Answer: K+ channel opener - hyperpolarizes and relaxes vascular smooth
muscle- malignant hypertension
◍ name 10 X-linked recessive disorders.
Answer: Be Wise, Fool's GOLD Heeds False Hope:Bruton's
agammaglobulinemiaWiskott-Aldrich syndromeFragile XG6PD
defiencyOcular albinismLesch-Nyhan syndromeDuchenne's/Becker's
muscular dystrophyHemophilia A and BFabry's diseaseHunter's syndrome
◍ what is the defect in syringomyelia?- symptom?.
Answer: enlarged central canal of spinal cord - damages crossing fibers of
spinothalamic tract- so bilateral loss of pain and temperature sense
◍ fluoroquinolones - mechanism of action?.
Answer: inhibit DNA gyrase
◍ Henoch-Schonlein Purpurachild w/ palpable purpura s/p URI,type 3
HSR,IgA (as is PAN,type 3 HSR, p-ANCA think HBV sAg).
Answer:
◍ ElliptocyteHeriditary elliptocytosis- pretty benign.
Answer:
◍ True or False?At <4hrs post MI, myocardium will appear histologically
normal..
Answer: true
◍ Hutchinson teethCongenital Syphilis.
Answer:
◍ characteristics of Fc portion of antibody.
, Answer: ConstantCarboxy terminal of heavy chainComplement-binding
areaCarbohydrate side chains
◍ anti IgE drug. moderate-severe asthma with allergic trigger component.
Studies show response to this drug that enables tapering inhaled
corticosteroid dose and ceasing oral corticosteroid..
Answer: omalizumab
◍ most common skin cancer.
Answer: basal cell carcinoma
◍ name 4 tumors that have psammoma bodies.
Answer: PSaMMoma:Papillary adenocarcinoma of thyroidSerous papillary
cystadenocarcinoma of ovaryMeningiomaMesothelioma
◍ symptoms of lead poisoning- treatment?.
Answer: LEAD:Lead Lines on gingivae (Burton's lines)Encephalopathy,
Erythrocyte basophilic stipplingAbdominal colic, sideroblastic
AnemiaDrops (wrist and foot drop)- treatment: dimercaprol and EDTA,
succimer for kids (it sucks to be a kid with lead poisoning)
◍ Chemotherapy->Sdx=hemarrhagic cystitis->burning on urination +
urgency.What drug?.
Answer: cyclophosphamideifosfamide
◍ renal cell carcinoma, cavernous hemangiomas, adenomas - diagnosis?.
Answer: von Hippel-Lindau disease
◍ Aschoff bodies - diagnosis?.
Answer: rheumatic fever
◍ cytotoxic vs. helper T cells - which has CD4 and which has CD8?- which
MHC class do they each bind to?.
Answer: cytotoxic T cells - CD8 (binds MHC I)helper T cells - CD4 (binds
MHC II)(product of CD and MHC = 8)
◍ what are three main drugs used to treat nematode (roundworm) infections?.
Answer: meBENDazole (worms are BENDy), pyrantel pamoate,
