SDSU BA300 Final Exam Eaton || A+ Verified.
Sound Ethical Decision Making (Steps) correct answers 1.Gather the facts
2.Define the ethical issues
3.Identify the affected parties
4.Identify the consequences
5.Identify the obligations
6.Consider your character and integrity
7.Think creatively about potential actions
8.Check your gut
Moral Awareness: More likely to recognize moral issue when correct answers •Peers consider it
morally problematic
•Moral language is used when problem is presented
•Decision could cause serious harm to others
Group Norms: correct answers -"Everyone's doing it"
-Rationalizing unethical behavior
-Pressure to go along
Organizational effects: correct answers -Rewards and punishments
-Roles at work
-Diffusion of responsibility
Cognitive Biases correct answers Fact gathering
•Overconfidence about your knowledge of the facts
•Falling into the confirmation trap
So...
•Think about ways that you could be wrong
Looking at consequences
•Reduced number of consequences
•Consequences for self vs. others
•Consequences as risk
-Illusion of optimism and illusion of control
•Escalation of commitment
So...
•Invite input, especially from those who disagree with you
Thinking about integrity
•Illusion of superiority
•Ethics of your profession
Levels of moral development correct answers -Level 1: Rewards/punishments, exchanges
, -Level 2: Shared norms, societal obligations
-Level 3: Principled, autonomous
Desired Moral Approbation correct answers Desire (need) of moral approval from self or others.
3 Types of DMA correct answers -DMA from Others—Praise
-DMA from Others—Blame
-DMA from the Self
Locus of Control correct answers the tendency for people to assume that they either have
control(internal) or do not(external) have control over events and consequences in their lives
Utilitarianism: Decision rule correct answers Maximize the common good
Utilitarianism: Biggest pro correct answers Replaces partiality with science
Utilitarianism: Biggest con correct answers The means don't matter
Robert Nozick's Rights Theory: Decision Rule correct answers Freedom from force and fraud
Robert Nozick's Rights Theory: Biggest Pro correct answers Virtually complete freedom of
action with minimal government intrusion
Robert Nozick's Rights Theory: Biggest Con correct answers Disregard for the interests of others
Robert Nozick's Rights Theory: Example correct answers Certain "payday loan" providers
John Rawls' Theory of Justice: Decision Rule correct answers Greatest benefit to the least
advantaged
John Rawls' Theory of Justice: Biggest Pro correct answers "Unbiased" approach to social justice
John Rawls' Theory of Justice: Biggest Con correct answers Denies free will, meritocracy
John Rawls' Theory of Justice: Example correct answers Ben & Jerry's Ice Cream
Objectivism: Decision Rule correct answers Be rational and be all that you can be
Objectivism: Biggest Pro correct answers Reinforces personal responsibility
Objectivism: Biggest Con correct answers Individualistic and judgmental
Ethic of Care: Decision Rule correct answers Focus on relationships and responsibilities
Sound Ethical Decision Making (Steps) correct answers 1.Gather the facts
2.Define the ethical issues
3.Identify the affected parties
4.Identify the consequences
5.Identify the obligations
6.Consider your character and integrity
7.Think creatively about potential actions
8.Check your gut
Moral Awareness: More likely to recognize moral issue when correct answers •Peers consider it
morally problematic
•Moral language is used when problem is presented
•Decision could cause serious harm to others
Group Norms: correct answers -"Everyone's doing it"
-Rationalizing unethical behavior
-Pressure to go along
Organizational effects: correct answers -Rewards and punishments
-Roles at work
-Diffusion of responsibility
Cognitive Biases correct answers Fact gathering
•Overconfidence about your knowledge of the facts
•Falling into the confirmation trap
So...
•Think about ways that you could be wrong
Looking at consequences
•Reduced number of consequences
•Consequences for self vs. others
•Consequences as risk
-Illusion of optimism and illusion of control
•Escalation of commitment
So...
•Invite input, especially from those who disagree with you
Thinking about integrity
•Illusion of superiority
•Ethics of your profession
Levels of moral development correct answers -Level 1: Rewards/punishments, exchanges
, -Level 2: Shared norms, societal obligations
-Level 3: Principled, autonomous
Desired Moral Approbation correct answers Desire (need) of moral approval from self or others.
3 Types of DMA correct answers -DMA from Others—Praise
-DMA from Others—Blame
-DMA from the Self
Locus of Control correct answers the tendency for people to assume that they either have
control(internal) or do not(external) have control over events and consequences in their lives
Utilitarianism: Decision rule correct answers Maximize the common good
Utilitarianism: Biggest pro correct answers Replaces partiality with science
Utilitarianism: Biggest con correct answers The means don't matter
Robert Nozick's Rights Theory: Decision Rule correct answers Freedom from force and fraud
Robert Nozick's Rights Theory: Biggest Pro correct answers Virtually complete freedom of
action with minimal government intrusion
Robert Nozick's Rights Theory: Biggest Con correct answers Disregard for the interests of others
Robert Nozick's Rights Theory: Example correct answers Certain "payday loan" providers
John Rawls' Theory of Justice: Decision Rule correct answers Greatest benefit to the least
advantaged
John Rawls' Theory of Justice: Biggest Pro correct answers "Unbiased" approach to social justice
John Rawls' Theory of Justice: Biggest Con correct answers Denies free will, meritocracy
John Rawls' Theory of Justice: Example correct answers Ben & Jerry's Ice Cream
Objectivism: Decision Rule correct answers Be rational and be all that you can be
Objectivism: Biggest Pro correct answers Reinforces personal responsibility
Objectivism: Biggest Con correct answers Individualistic and judgmental
Ethic of Care: Decision Rule correct answers Focus on relationships and responsibilities
