UCI BIO 93 PACKAGED CERTIFICATION
SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
• Kinesin.
Answer: Walks down microtubule tracks to transport membrane bound
vesicles and organelles
• polysaccharides are long polymers of _____.
Answer: monosaccharides
• Polar covalent.
Answer: Unequal sharing of electrons (O-H)
• _____ are substances that have a large # of monomers bonded together.
Answer: polymers
• an exception to the central dogma of genetics are _____ and _____.
Answer: reverse transcriptase; prions
• Mitochondria.
Answer: Site of steroid and heme synthesis & energy/cellular respiration
production
• nucleic acids have _____, with a 5' and 3' end.
Answer: directionality
• Plasma membrane.
Answer: Phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins (fluid mosaic model)
• Archaea.
Answer: Single celled prokaryotes important in understanding how cells
evolved
• can an atom break-down into something smaller, while still retaining the
properties of the original element?.
, Answer: no
• Conservation of basic cellular functions.
Answer: The structure, processes, or gene has been conserved over time
because it performs a critical function
• Lysosomes.
Answer: Specialize in cellular digestion, breaking down
waste/debris/foreign invaders via enzymes
• a noncompetitive inhibitor binding to the allosteric site modifies the _____
so that the substrate has reduced binding or cannot bind.
Answer: active site
• Cytoskeleton.
Answer: Provides structure, transport, and movement for the cell
• adenine and thymine (or uracil) pair together via _____ hydrogen bonds.
Answer: 2
• Ribosomes.
Answer: Essential cellular structures made of RNA and protein that
synthesize proteins
• what are the common interactions between R-groups in tertiary structure?.
Answer: ionic bonding; hydrogen bonding; dipole-dipole interactions;
London dispersion (van der Waal) forces; hydrophobic interactions;
disulfide bonding
• Chloroplasts.
Answer: Site of photosynthesis
• while there are multiple polypeptide chains in a quaternary structure, the
entire structure is considered to be _____.
Answer: 1 protein
• which level of protein structure includes alpha helices and beta-pleated
sheets?.
Answer: secondary
, • Hydrophilic.
Answer: Polar/charged, interacts with water
• _____ (lipoproteins) have a high density of proteins and are generally
considered to be healthy.
Answer: high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)
• what is the opposite of a condensation/dehydration reaction - why?.
Answer: A hydrolysis reaction; adds H2O to a covalent bond and splits
monomers apart
• Phosphate.
Answer: Functional group (-PO4^2-), organic phosphate, energy transfer
ATP
• does the secondary structure include interactions between R-group atoms?.
Answer: no
• Nucleus.
Answer: Contains DNA enclosed by nuclear envelope
• Nuclear lamina.
Answer: Provides structural support to the inner nuclear membrane
• what type of bonds does glycogen have?.
Answer: α-1,4-glycosidic (linear) *many* α-1,6-glycosidic (branches)
• Hydrogen bonds.
Answer: Involve electronegativity, H-bond donor & acceptor
• Methyl.
Answer: Functional group (-CH3), nonpolar, hydrophobic, affects gene
expression
• the _____ is the amino acid structural features other than the R-group.
Answer: polypeptide backbone
• bonding between a 5' phosphate and a 3' hydroxyl forms a _____ bond in
nucleic acids, creating the sugar-phosphate backbone.
SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
• Kinesin.
Answer: Walks down microtubule tracks to transport membrane bound
vesicles and organelles
• polysaccharides are long polymers of _____.
Answer: monosaccharides
• Polar covalent.
Answer: Unequal sharing of electrons (O-H)
• _____ are substances that have a large # of monomers bonded together.
Answer: polymers
• an exception to the central dogma of genetics are _____ and _____.
Answer: reverse transcriptase; prions
• Mitochondria.
Answer: Site of steroid and heme synthesis & energy/cellular respiration
production
• nucleic acids have _____, with a 5' and 3' end.
Answer: directionality
• Plasma membrane.
Answer: Phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins (fluid mosaic model)
• Archaea.
Answer: Single celled prokaryotes important in understanding how cells
evolved
• can an atom break-down into something smaller, while still retaining the
properties of the original element?.
, Answer: no
• Conservation of basic cellular functions.
Answer: The structure, processes, or gene has been conserved over time
because it performs a critical function
• Lysosomes.
Answer: Specialize in cellular digestion, breaking down
waste/debris/foreign invaders via enzymes
• a noncompetitive inhibitor binding to the allosteric site modifies the _____
so that the substrate has reduced binding or cannot bind.
Answer: active site
• Cytoskeleton.
Answer: Provides structure, transport, and movement for the cell
• adenine and thymine (or uracil) pair together via _____ hydrogen bonds.
Answer: 2
• Ribosomes.
Answer: Essential cellular structures made of RNA and protein that
synthesize proteins
• what are the common interactions between R-groups in tertiary structure?.
Answer: ionic bonding; hydrogen bonding; dipole-dipole interactions;
London dispersion (van der Waal) forces; hydrophobic interactions;
disulfide bonding
• Chloroplasts.
Answer: Site of photosynthesis
• while there are multiple polypeptide chains in a quaternary structure, the
entire structure is considered to be _____.
Answer: 1 protein
• which level of protein structure includes alpha helices and beta-pleated
sheets?.
Answer: secondary
, • Hydrophilic.
Answer: Polar/charged, interacts with water
• _____ (lipoproteins) have a high density of proteins and are generally
considered to be healthy.
Answer: high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)
• what is the opposite of a condensation/dehydration reaction - why?.
Answer: A hydrolysis reaction; adds H2O to a covalent bond and splits
monomers apart
• Phosphate.
Answer: Functional group (-PO4^2-), organic phosphate, energy transfer
ATP
• does the secondary structure include interactions between R-group atoms?.
Answer: no
• Nucleus.
Answer: Contains DNA enclosed by nuclear envelope
• Nuclear lamina.
Answer: Provides structural support to the inner nuclear membrane
• what type of bonds does glycogen have?.
Answer: α-1,4-glycosidic (linear) *many* α-1,6-glycosidic (branches)
• Hydrogen bonds.
Answer: Involve electronegativity, H-bond donor & acceptor
• Methyl.
Answer: Functional group (-CH3), nonpolar, hydrophobic, affects gene
expression
• the _____ is the amino acid structural features other than the R-group.
Answer: polypeptide backbone
• bonding between a 5' phosphate and a 3' hydroxyl forms a _____ bond in
nucleic acids, creating the sugar-phosphate backbone.
