NR 283: Pathophysiology Exam Questions with
100% Correct Solutions
Functions of the skin - Answer -First line of defense
-Prevents excessive fluid loss
-Controls body temperature
-Active in sensory perception
-Synthesizes vitamin D
Mixed flora - Answer Components differ in various areas of the body
Microbes - Answer Reside under fingernails, in hair follicles and in glands
Opportunistic infections - Answer May occur because of injury or other inflammatory lesion
Pruritus - Answer Itching of the skin
Pruritus is associated with: - Answer -Allergic responses, type I sensitivity
-Chemical irritation caused by insect bites
-Infestations by parasites (scabies)
Cause of pruritus - Answer Release of histamine in a hypersensitivity response
Effects of pruritus - Answer -Redness and itching - inflammation
-Risk of infection due to scratching
Contact Dermatitis - Answer Allergic skin rash, caused by a type IV reaction to direct contact with a
chemical
, Allergic contact dermatitis - Answer Exposure to an antigen, such as metals, cosmetics, soaps, chemicals,
plants
Sensitization occurs on first exposure - type IV cell-mediated hypersensitivity - Answer Allergic contact
dermatitis
Symptom of allergic contact dermatitis - Answer Pruritic rash develops at site a few hours after exposure
Irritant contact dermatitis - Answer Inflammatory because of direct exposure irritant, does not involve
immune response
Treatment of irritant contact dermatitis - Answer -Removal of irritant
-Reduction of inflammation with topical glucocorticoids
Urticaria - Answer Hives
Causes of urticaria - Answer Ingestion of substances, release histamine
-Result of type I hypersensitivity
Effects of urticaria - Answer -Eruption of hard, raised erythematous lesion
-Often scattered all over the body
-Highly pruritic
What to do when urticaria is noted - Answer -Check for pharyngeal mucosa and check airway
-Administer EpiPen or other first aid as required
Psoriasis - Answer -Chronic inflammatory skin disorder
-Considered to be genetic in origin
-Onset usually in teen years
100% Correct Solutions
Functions of the skin - Answer -First line of defense
-Prevents excessive fluid loss
-Controls body temperature
-Active in sensory perception
-Synthesizes vitamin D
Mixed flora - Answer Components differ in various areas of the body
Microbes - Answer Reside under fingernails, in hair follicles and in glands
Opportunistic infections - Answer May occur because of injury or other inflammatory lesion
Pruritus - Answer Itching of the skin
Pruritus is associated with: - Answer -Allergic responses, type I sensitivity
-Chemical irritation caused by insect bites
-Infestations by parasites (scabies)
Cause of pruritus - Answer Release of histamine in a hypersensitivity response
Effects of pruritus - Answer -Redness and itching - inflammation
-Risk of infection due to scratching
Contact Dermatitis - Answer Allergic skin rash, caused by a type IV reaction to direct contact with a
chemical
, Allergic contact dermatitis - Answer Exposure to an antigen, such as metals, cosmetics, soaps, chemicals,
plants
Sensitization occurs on first exposure - type IV cell-mediated hypersensitivity - Answer Allergic contact
dermatitis
Symptom of allergic contact dermatitis - Answer Pruritic rash develops at site a few hours after exposure
Irritant contact dermatitis - Answer Inflammatory because of direct exposure irritant, does not involve
immune response
Treatment of irritant contact dermatitis - Answer -Removal of irritant
-Reduction of inflammation with topical glucocorticoids
Urticaria - Answer Hives
Causes of urticaria - Answer Ingestion of substances, release histamine
-Result of type I hypersensitivity
Effects of urticaria - Answer -Eruption of hard, raised erythematous lesion
-Often scattered all over the body
-Highly pruritic
What to do when urticaria is noted - Answer -Check for pharyngeal mucosa and check airway
-Administer EpiPen or other first aid as required
Psoriasis - Answer -Chronic inflammatory skin disorder
-Considered to be genetic in origin
-Onset usually in teen years
