BIOTECHNOLOGY EXAMINATION QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWER WITH EXPLANATION GRADED A+
STUDY GUIDE SOUTHERN NEW HAMPSHIRE UNIVERSITY
1. Biotechnology is the use of:
A. Living organisms and biological systems for practical purposes
B. Rocks for industrial purposes
C. Weather systems for farming only
D. Machines only in medicine
Answer: A
Rationale: Biotechnology applies biological processes to industry, medicine, and
agriculture.
2. The basic unit of life is the:
A. Cell
B. Organ
C. Tissue
D. Atom
Answer: A
Rationale: Cells perform biological functions.
3. DNA stands for:
A. Deoxyribonucleic acid
B. Dinucleic acid
C. Double ribose acid
D. Deoxyribose nucleic acid
Answer: A
Rationale: DNA carries genetic information.
4. Genes are segments of:
A. DNA
B. Protein
C. Lipid
D. Carbohydrate
Answer: A
Rationale: Genes contain hereditary instructions.
,5. The process of copying DNA is called:
A. Replication
B. Translation
C. Transcription
D. Fermentation
Answer: A
Rationale: DNA duplication process.
6. RNA is synthesized during:
A. Transcription
B. Replication
C. Translation
D. Mutation
Answer: A
Rationale: RNA is produced from DNA templates.
7. Protein synthesis occurs at the:
A. Ribosome
B. Nucleus
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes assemble proteins.
8. Recombinant DNA technology involves:
A. Combining DNA from different sources
B. Destroying DNA completely
C. Protein digestion only
D. Cell division only
Answer: A
Rationale: Basis of genetic engineering.
9. Genetic engineering refers to:
A. Manipulation of genetic material
B. Study of rocks
C. Weather prediction
D. Bone formation
Answer: A
Rationale: Alters organism traits.
, 10. Restriction enzymes function to:
A. Cut DNA at specific sequences
B. Produce ATP
C. Synthesize proteins
D. Transport RNA
Answer: A
Rationale: Molecular scissors in biotechnology.
11. DNA ligase functions to:
A. Join DNA fragments
B. Break proteins
C. Cut RNA
D. Destroy cells
Answer: A
Rationale: Forms phosphodiester bonds.
12. A vector is used to:
A. Transfer genetic material
B. Produce oxygen
C. Digest proteins
D. Form lipids
Answer: A
Rationale: Carries foreign DNA into cells.
13. Common vectors include:
A. Plasmids
B. Ribosomes
C. Mitochondria
D. Lysosomes
Answer: A
Rationale: Circular bacterial DNA molecules.
14. Plasmids are naturally found in:
A. Bacteria
B. Plants only
C. Animals only
D. Viruses only
Answer: A
Rationale: Extra-chromosomal DNA.
CORRECT ANSWER WITH EXPLANATION GRADED A+
STUDY GUIDE SOUTHERN NEW HAMPSHIRE UNIVERSITY
1. Biotechnology is the use of:
A. Living organisms and biological systems for practical purposes
B. Rocks for industrial purposes
C. Weather systems for farming only
D. Machines only in medicine
Answer: A
Rationale: Biotechnology applies biological processes to industry, medicine, and
agriculture.
2. The basic unit of life is the:
A. Cell
B. Organ
C. Tissue
D. Atom
Answer: A
Rationale: Cells perform biological functions.
3. DNA stands for:
A. Deoxyribonucleic acid
B. Dinucleic acid
C. Double ribose acid
D. Deoxyribose nucleic acid
Answer: A
Rationale: DNA carries genetic information.
4. Genes are segments of:
A. DNA
B. Protein
C. Lipid
D. Carbohydrate
Answer: A
Rationale: Genes contain hereditary instructions.
,5. The process of copying DNA is called:
A. Replication
B. Translation
C. Transcription
D. Fermentation
Answer: A
Rationale: DNA duplication process.
6. RNA is synthesized during:
A. Transcription
B. Replication
C. Translation
D. Mutation
Answer: A
Rationale: RNA is produced from DNA templates.
7. Protein synthesis occurs at the:
A. Ribosome
B. Nucleus
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes assemble proteins.
8. Recombinant DNA technology involves:
A. Combining DNA from different sources
B. Destroying DNA completely
C. Protein digestion only
D. Cell division only
Answer: A
Rationale: Basis of genetic engineering.
9. Genetic engineering refers to:
A. Manipulation of genetic material
B. Study of rocks
C. Weather prediction
D. Bone formation
Answer: A
Rationale: Alters organism traits.
, 10. Restriction enzymes function to:
A. Cut DNA at specific sequences
B. Produce ATP
C. Synthesize proteins
D. Transport RNA
Answer: A
Rationale: Molecular scissors in biotechnology.
11. DNA ligase functions to:
A. Join DNA fragments
B. Break proteins
C. Cut RNA
D. Destroy cells
Answer: A
Rationale: Forms phosphodiester bonds.
12. A vector is used to:
A. Transfer genetic material
B. Produce oxygen
C. Digest proteins
D. Form lipids
Answer: A
Rationale: Carries foreign DNA into cells.
13. Common vectors include:
A. Plasmids
B. Ribosomes
C. Mitochondria
D. Lysosomes
Answer: A
Rationale: Circular bacterial DNA molecules.
14. Plasmids are naturally found in:
A. Bacteria
B. Plants only
C. Animals only
D. Viruses only
Answer: A
Rationale: Extra-chromosomal DNA.
