1 | Page
NSG5240 MIDTERM REVIEW 2026
ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS.
Active transport - ANSWER-Requires energy (ATP)
Moves low → high concentration
passive diffusion - ANSWER-No energy required
Moves from high → low concentration
facilitated diffusion - ANSWER-Uses carrier proteins
No energy required
What is drug absorption? - ANSWER-The movement of a drug
from its site of administration into systemic circulation.
Where does oral drug absorption primarily occur? - ANSWER-
Small intestine.
,2 | Page
What is the absorption phase for intravenous (IV) drug
administration? - ANSWER-Immediate (no absorption phase).
Where does intramuscular (IM) or subcutaneous (SubQ) drug
absorption occur? - ANSWER-Muscle or tissue.
Where does inhaled drug absorption occur? - ANSWER-Lungs.
Factor affecting Drug Absorption - ANSWER-Rate of dissolution
Surface area
Blood flow
Lipid Solubility
pH Partitioning
Excretion sites - ANSWER-Renal (primary)
Non renal (breast milk, bile, lungs, sweat, and saliva)
Steps in Renal excretion - ANSWER-Glomerular filtration
, 3 | Page
Passive tubular reabsorption
Active tubular reabsorption
Organs responsible for drug metabolism - ANSWER-Main
organ: Liver
Others: kidneys, lungs, intestines
Therapeutic range - ANSWER-plasma drug level between the
minimum effective concentration and toxic concentration
Agonists - ANSWER-drugs that mimic body's own regulatory
molecules (Activates receptor)
Antagonists - ANSWER-drugs that blocks actions of
endogenous regulators (Blocks receptor)
Partial agonist - ANSWER-mimic actions of endogenous
regulatory molecules, but produces responses of intermediate
intensity (Weak activation)
NSG5240 MIDTERM REVIEW 2026
ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS.
Active transport - ANSWER-Requires energy (ATP)
Moves low → high concentration
passive diffusion - ANSWER-No energy required
Moves from high → low concentration
facilitated diffusion - ANSWER-Uses carrier proteins
No energy required
What is drug absorption? - ANSWER-The movement of a drug
from its site of administration into systemic circulation.
Where does oral drug absorption primarily occur? - ANSWER-
Small intestine.
,2 | Page
What is the absorption phase for intravenous (IV) drug
administration? - ANSWER-Immediate (no absorption phase).
Where does intramuscular (IM) or subcutaneous (SubQ) drug
absorption occur? - ANSWER-Muscle or tissue.
Where does inhaled drug absorption occur? - ANSWER-Lungs.
Factor affecting Drug Absorption - ANSWER-Rate of dissolution
Surface area
Blood flow
Lipid Solubility
pH Partitioning
Excretion sites - ANSWER-Renal (primary)
Non renal (breast milk, bile, lungs, sweat, and saliva)
Steps in Renal excretion - ANSWER-Glomerular filtration
, 3 | Page
Passive tubular reabsorption
Active tubular reabsorption
Organs responsible for drug metabolism - ANSWER-Main
organ: Liver
Others: kidneys, lungs, intestines
Therapeutic range - ANSWER-plasma drug level between the
minimum effective concentration and toxic concentration
Agonists - ANSWER-drugs that mimic body's own regulatory
molecules (Activates receptor)
Antagonists - ANSWER-drugs that blocks actions of
endogenous regulators (Blocks receptor)
Partial agonist - ANSWER-mimic actions of endogenous
regulatory molecules, but produces responses of intermediate
intensity (Weak activation)
