A.L.L.
coyura Academy
THE
TEAS
ANATOMY
STUDY GUIDE
+ Practice Questions
A Complete Review of Human Anatomy for the ATI TEAS 7
Comprehensive system-by-system content review, key structures and functions,
60 practice questions with full rationales, and a complete answer key.
— What's Inside: — — You Will Master: —
+ Skeletal & muscular system review + Bone types, joints, and muscle action
+ Cardiovascular & respiratory systems + Heart anatomy and circulation pathways
+ Nervous system & special senses + CNS vs. PNS and nerve impulses
+ Endocrine, digestive & urinary + Hormone functions and organ roles
+ Reproductive & immune systems + Immune response and defence layers
+ 60 practice Qs + full rationales + TEAS-style question strategies
Anatomy is not memorisation — it is understanding how the body works as one integrated system.
Created by ALLcoyura Academy
,A.L.L.
coyura Academy
TEAS ANATOMY OVERVIEW + SKELETAL SYSTEM
Science: Human Anatomy & Physiology is ~18 of 53 questions on the TEAS 7.
TEAS 7 ANATOMY — What to Expect
TEAS 7 Science Section: Top-Tested Anatomy Systems (TEAS 7):
Topic Detail System TEAS Focus
Total Science Questions 53 questions Skeletal System Bone structure, types, joints, axial
Time Allowed 63 minutes Muscular System Muscle types, contraction, attach
Anatomy & Physiology ~18 questions (~34%) Cardiovascular Heart chambers, valves, circulatio
Life & Physical Science ~14 questions (~26%) Respiratory Upper/lower airway, lung volumes
Nervous System CNS/PNS, neuron anatomy, reflex
Scientific Reasoning ~9 questions (~17%)
Endocrine System Glands, hormones, feedback loop
Passing Score (typical) 60–70%+ depending on program
Digestive System Organs, enzymes, absorption, acc
Urinary System Kidney anatomy, nephron, filtratio
Reproductive Male/female anatomy, hormones,
Immune/Lymphatic Innate vs adaptive, lymph nodes, i
SKELETAL SYSTEM — Structure, Function & Classification
Bone Classification by Shape: Key Skeletal Structures (TEAS High-Yield):
Type Example & Function Structure Definition / Function
Long Bones Femur, humerus, tibia — levers for movement Axial Skeleton 80 bones: skull, vertebral column,
Appendicular 126 bones: limbs, pectoral girdle,
Short Bones Carpals, tarsals — stability and support
Periosteum Outer bone covering — contains b
Flat Bones Skull, ribs, sternum — protection and muscle att
Compact Bone Dense outer layer — Haversian c
Irregular Bones Vertebrae, pelvis — complex shapes, varied fun
Cancellous Bone Spongy inner layer — contains re
Sesamoid Bones Patella — embedded in tendons, reduce friction
Epiphysis Ends of long bones — contain arti
Diaphysis Shaft of long bone — contains me
Red Bone Marrow Produces RBCs, WBCs, platelets
Yellow Bone Marrow Fat storage — in medullary cavity
Joint Types (TEAS Favourite Topic):
Joint Type Movement & Example
Fibrous (Synarthrosis) No movement — skull sutures, teeth in socket
Cartilaginous (Amphiarthrosis) Slight movement — pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs
Created by ALLcoyura Academy Page 2
Synovial (Diarthrosis) Freely movable — contains synovial fluid
Ball & Socket Hip, shoulder — widest range of motion
,A.L.L.
coyura Academy
MUSCULAR & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS
Muscle types, contraction mechanics, heart anatomy, and circulation pathways.
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
Three Muscle Types: Muscle Terminology (TEAS High-Yield):
Skeletal Muscle
Term Definition
Voluntary, striated, multinucleate. Attached to bones via tendons.
Causes body movement. Origin Fixed attachment point of muscle — does not
Cardiac Muscle Insertion Movable attachment — pulled toward origin o
Involuntary, striated, branched, intercalated discs. Found only in
myocardium. Agonist Prime mover — performs the main action
Smooth Muscle Antagonist Opposes the agonist — provides control
Involuntary, non-striated, spindle-shaped. Found in walls of hollow
Synergist Assists agonist — stabilises joint
organs, blood vessels, intestines.
Flexion Decreasing the angle at a joint
Extension Increasing the angle at a joint
Abduction Moving a limb away from midline
Adduction Moving a limb toward midline
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM — Heart, Circulation & Blood
Heart Anatomy: Blood Composition:
Structure Function Component Function / Description
Right Atrium Receives deoxygenated blood from ven Erythrocytes (RBCs) Carry O2 via haemoglobin; no nucleus;
Right Ventricle Pumps blood to lungs via pulmonary art Leukocytes (WBCs) Immune defence: neutrophils, lymphocy
Left Atrium Receives oxygenated blood from pulmo Platelets (Thrombocytes) Clotting — activated at wound sites
Left Ventricle Pumps oxygenated blood to body — thi Plasma 55% of blood; water, proteins, nutrients,
Tricuspid Valve Between right atrium and ventricle Neutrophils Most common WBC; first responders to
Pulmonary Valve Between right ventricle and pulmonary Lymphocytes B cells (antibodies) and T cells (cell-me
Mitral (Bicuspid) Between left atrium and ventricle Monocytes Become macrophages — phagocytise p
Aortic Valve Between left ventricle and aorta Haemoglobin Iron-containing protein in RBCs — bind
SA Node Pacemaker — initiates electrical impuls Pulmonary Circ. Right heart → lungs → left heart (oxyge
AV Node Delays impulse — allows ventricles to fil Systemic Circ. Left heart → body → right heart (deliver
Blood pressure = Cardiac Output × Peripheral Resistance | Systole = contraction | Diastole = relaxation
Created by ALLcoyura Academy Page 3
, A.L.L.
coyura Academy
RESPIRATORY & NERVOUS SYSTEMS
Airway anatomy, gas exchange, brain regions, neuron structure, and reflex arcs.
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Upper & Lower Respiratory Structures: Lung Volumes & Gas Exchange:
Structure Function Concept Key Fact
Nasal Cavity Filters, warms, humidifies air — mucous m Tidal Volume Normal breath (~500 mL)
Pharynx Throat — passageway for air AND food Inspiratory Reserve Extra air inhaled after normal breath
Larynx Voice box — contains vocal cords; epiglott Expiratory Reserve Extra air exhaled after normal breath
Trachea Windpipe — C-shaped cartilage rings; divi Residual Volume Air remaining after max exhalation —
Primary Bronchi Two branches to each lung — right is wide Vital Capacity Tidal + IRV + ERV — max usable lun
Bronchioles Smaller branches — no cartilage; smooth Total Lung Capacity All lung volumes combined (~6L)
Alveoli Gas exchange units — surrounded by capi O2 Transport O2 binds haemoglobin → carried by
Diaphragm Primary muscle of respiration — contracts CO2 Transport Mostly as bicarbonate (HCO3–) in pl
Pleura Serous membrane surrounding lungs — vi Diffusion O2 from alveoli → blood; CO2 from b
Boyle's Law Pressure ↑ = Volume ↓: basis of bre
NERVOUS SYSTEM — CNS, PNS, and Neuron Anatomy
CNS Structures & Functions: Neuron Anatomy & Types:
Region Function Structure/Type Function
Cerebral Cortex Frontal: personality, motor; Parietal: sensory; Cell Body (Soma) Contains nucleus — metabolic centre of n
Frontal Lobe Voluntary motor control (primary motor cortex Dendrites Receive incoming signals — tree-like bran
Cerebellum Coordinates balance, fine motor control, and Axon Conducts impulse away from cell body
Brain Stem Midbrain, pons, medulla — controls breathing Myelin Sheath Fatty insulation — speeds transmission (S
Hypothalamus Homeostasis — temperature, hunger, thirst, c Nodes of Ranvier Gaps in myelin — allow saltatory conducti
Thalamus Relay station — routes sensory signals to cor Sensory Neurons Afferent — carry signals TO the CNS
Limbic System Amygdala + hippocampus — emotion, memo Motor Neurons Efferent — carry signals FROM the CNS t
Spinal Cord Conducts signals between brain and body; co Interneurons Connect sensory and motor neurons — wit
Synapse Junction between neurons — uses neurotr
PNS Divisions Somatic (voluntary) and Autonomic (symp
Sympathetic NS: Fight-or-Flight (↑HR, dilates pupils, inhibits digestion) | Parasympathetic: Rest-and-Digest (↓HR, stimulates digestion)
Created by ALLcoyura Academy Page 4
coyura Academy
THE
TEAS
ANATOMY
STUDY GUIDE
+ Practice Questions
A Complete Review of Human Anatomy for the ATI TEAS 7
Comprehensive system-by-system content review, key structures and functions,
60 practice questions with full rationales, and a complete answer key.
— What's Inside: — — You Will Master: —
+ Skeletal & muscular system review + Bone types, joints, and muscle action
+ Cardiovascular & respiratory systems + Heart anatomy and circulation pathways
+ Nervous system & special senses + CNS vs. PNS and nerve impulses
+ Endocrine, digestive & urinary + Hormone functions and organ roles
+ Reproductive & immune systems + Immune response and defence layers
+ 60 practice Qs + full rationales + TEAS-style question strategies
Anatomy is not memorisation — it is understanding how the body works as one integrated system.
Created by ALLcoyura Academy
,A.L.L.
coyura Academy
TEAS ANATOMY OVERVIEW + SKELETAL SYSTEM
Science: Human Anatomy & Physiology is ~18 of 53 questions on the TEAS 7.
TEAS 7 ANATOMY — What to Expect
TEAS 7 Science Section: Top-Tested Anatomy Systems (TEAS 7):
Topic Detail System TEAS Focus
Total Science Questions 53 questions Skeletal System Bone structure, types, joints, axial
Time Allowed 63 minutes Muscular System Muscle types, contraction, attach
Anatomy & Physiology ~18 questions (~34%) Cardiovascular Heart chambers, valves, circulatio
Life & Physical Science ~14 questions (~26%) Respiratory Upper/lower airway, lung volumes
Nervous System CNS/PNS, neuron anatomy, reflex
Scientific Reasoning ~9 questions (~17%)
Endocrine System Glands, hormones, feedback loop
Passing Score (typical) 60–70%+ depending on program
Digestive System Organs, enzymes, absorption, acc
Urinary System Kidney anatomy, nephron, filtratio
Reproductive Male/female anatomy, hormones,
Immune/Lymphatic Innate vs adaptive, lymph nodes, i
SKELETAL SYSTEM — Structure, Function & Classification
Bone Classification by Shape: Key Skeletal Structures (TEAS High-Yield):
Type Example & Function Structure Definition / Function
Long Bones Femur, humerus, tibia — levers for movement Axial Skeleton 80 bones: skull, vertebral column,
Appendicular 126 bones: limbs, pectoral girdle,
Short Bones Carpals, tarsals — stability and support
Periosteum Outer bone covering — contains b
Flat Bones Skull, ribs, sternum — protection and muscle att
Compact Bone Dense outer layer — Haversian c
Irregular Bones Vertebrae, pelvis — complex shapes, varied fun
Cancellous Bone Spongy inner layer — contains re
Sesamoid Bones Patella — embedded in tendons, reduce friction
Epiphysis Ends of long bones — contain arti
Diaphysis Shaft of long bone — contains me
Red Bone Marrow Produces RBCs, WBCs, platelets
Yellow Bone Marrow Fat storage — in medullary cavity
Joint Types (TEAS Favourite Topic):
Joint Type Movement & Example
Fibrous (Synarthrosis) No movement — skull sutures, teeth in socket
Cartilaginous (Amphiarthrosis) Slight movement — pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs
Created by ALLcoyura Academy Page 2
Synovial (Diarthrosis) Freely movable — contains synovial fluid
Ball & Socket Hip, shoulder — widest range of motion
,A.L.L.
coyura Academy
MUSCULAR & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS
Muscle types, contraction mechanics, heart anatomy, and circulation pathways.
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
Three Muscle Types: Muscle Terminology (TEAS High-Yield):
Skeletal Muscle
Term Definition
Voluntary, striated, multinucleate. Attached to bones via tendons.
Causes body movement. Origin Fixed attachment point of muscle — does not
Cardiac Muscle Insertion Movable attachment — pulled toward origin o
Involuntary, striated, branched, intercalated discs. Found only in
myocardium. Agonist Prime mover — performs the main action
Smooth Muscle Antagonist Opposes the agonist — provides control
Involuntary, non-striated, spindle-shaped. Found in walls of hollow
Synergist Assists agonist — stabilises joint
organs, blood vessels, intestines.
Flexion Decreasing the angle at a joint
Extension Increasing the angle at a joint
Abduction Moving a limb away from midline
Adduction Moving a limb toward midline
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM — Heart, Circulation & Blood
Heart Anatomy: Blood Composition:
Structure Function Component Function / Description
Right Atrium Receives deoxygenated blood from ven Erythrocytes (RBCs) Carry O2 via haemoglobin; no nucleus;
Right Ventricle Pumps blood to lungs via pulmonary art Leukocytes (WBCs) Immune defence: neutrophils, lymphocy
Left Atrium Receives oxygenated blood from pulmo Platelets (Thrombocytes) Clotting — activated at wound sites
Left Ventricle Pumps oxygenated blood to body — thi Plasma 55% of blood; water, proteins, nutrients,
Tricuspid Valve Between right atrium and ventricle Neutrophils Most common WBC; first responders to
Pulmonary Valve Between right ventricle and pulmonary Lymphocytes B cells (antibodies) and T cells (cell-me
Mitral (Bicuspid) Between left atrium and ventricle Monocytes Become macrophages — phagocytise p
Aortic Valve Between left ventricle and aorta Haemoglobin Iron-containing protein in RBCs — bind
SA Node Pacemaker — initiates electrical impuls Pulmonary Circ. Right heart → lungs → left heart (oxyge
AV Node Delays impulse — allows ventricles to fil Systemic Circ. Left heart → body → right heart (deliver
Blood pressure = Cardiac Output × Peripheral Resistance | Systole = contraction | Diastole = relaxation
Created by ALLcoyura Academy Page 3
, A.L.L.
coyura Academy
RESPIRATORY & NERVOUS SYSTEMS
Airway anatomy, gas exchange, brain regions, neuron structure, and reflex arcs.
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Upper & Lower Respiratory Structures: Lung Volumes & Gas Exchange:
Structure Function Concept Key Fact
Nasal Cavity Filters, warms, humidifies air — mucous m Tidal Volume Normal breath (~500 mL)
Pharynx Throat — passageway for air AND food Inspiratory Reserve Extra air inhaled after normal breath
Larynx Voice box — contains vocal cords; epiglott Expiratory Reserve Extra air exhaled after normal breath
Trachea Windpipe — C-shaped cartilage rings; divi Residual Volume Air remaining after max exhalation —
Primary Bronchi Two branches to each lung — right is wide Vital Capacity Tidal + IRV + ERV — max usable lun
Bronchioles Smaller branches — no cartilage; smooth Total Lung Capacity All lung volumes combined (~6L)
Alveoli Gas exchange units — surrounded by capi O2 Transport O2 binds haemoglobin → carried by
Diaphragm Primary muscle of respiration — contracts CO2 Transport Mostly as bicarbonate (HCO3–) in pl
Pleura Serous membrane surrounding lungs — vi Diffusion O2 from alveoli → blood; CO2 from b
Boyle's Law Pressure ↑ = Volume ↓: basis of bre
NERVOUS SYSTEM — CNS, PNS, and Neuron Anatomy
CNS Structures & Functions: Neuron Anatomy & Types:
Region Function Structure/Type Function
Cerebral Cortex Frontal: personality, motor; Parietal: sensory; Cell Body (Soma) Contains nucleus — metabolic centre of n
Frontal Lobe Voluntary motor control (primary motor cortex Dendrites Receive incoming signals — tree-like bran
Cerebellum Coordinates balance, fine motor control, and Axon Conducts impulse away from cell body
Brain Stem Midbrain, pons, medulla — controls breathing Myelin Sheath Fatty insulation — speeds transmission (S
Hypothalamus Homeostasis — temperature, hunger, thirst, c Nodes of Ranvier Gaps in myelin — allow saltatory conducti
Thalamus Relay station — routes sensory signals to cor Sensory Neurons Afferent — carry signals TO the CNS
Limbic System Amygdala + hippocampus — emotion, memo Motor Neurons Efferent — carry signals FROM the CNS t
Spinal Cord Conducts signals between brain and body; co Interneurons Connect sensory and motor neurons — wit
Synapse Junction between neurons — uses neurotr
PNS Divisions Somatic (voluntary) and Autonomic (symp
Sympathetic NS: Fight-or-Flight (↑HR, dilates pupils, inhibits digestion) | Parasympathetic: Rest-and-Digest (↓HR, stimulates digestion)
Created by ALLcoyura Academy Page 4
