Fluid and Electrolyte Balance in Nursing
(NUR 113) Exam Questions and Answers
Graded A+
Intracellular Fluid (ICF) - Correct answer-Fluid within the cell, comprising 2/3 of
body water.
Extracellular Fluid (ECF) - Correct answer-Fluid outside of the cell, comprising
1/3 of body water.
Intravascular Fluid - Correct answer-The liquid part of blood.
Interstitial Fluid - Correct answer-Fluid outside of blood vessels and between cells.
Transcellular Fluid - Correct answer-Fluid secreted by epithelial cells.
Factors influencing body fluid - Correct answer-Age, Gender, Body Fat.
Body Fluid Functions - Correct answer-Vital to health, normal cellular functioning,
medium for metabolic reactions, transports nutrients and waste products, acts as
lubricant, insulator, shock absorber, and helps to regulate body temperature.
Intracellular fluid percentage - Correct answer-40% of total body weight.
,Extracellular fluid percentage - Correct answer-20% of total body weight.
Principle ions in ICF - Correct answer-Potassium, Magnesium, Sulfate, Phosphate.
Principle ions in ECF - Correct answer-Sodium, Chloride, Calcium, Bicarbonate.
Fluid intake for adults - Correct answer-1400-1500 mL/day or 0.5 ml/kg/hr or 30
ml/hr of urine.
Fluid intake for infants - Correct answer-UOP 2 ml/kg/hr.
Fluid intake for children - Correct answer-UOP 0.5-1 ml/kg/hr.
Obligatory losses - Correct answer-Required to maintain normal body function,
including insensible fluid loss through skin and lungs, feces, and sweat.
Diffusion - Correct answer-Intermingling of molecules in liquids, gases, or solids;
rate varies by size of molecules, concentration of solution, and temperature of
solution.
Osmosis - Correct answer-Movement of water across cell membranes from less
concentrated solution to more concentrated solution.
Active Transport - Correct answer-Substances move across membranes from less
concentrated solution to more concentrated solution, expending metabolic energy.
, Filtration - Correct answer-Movement of fluid and solutes together across a
membrane from one compartment to another, from area of higher pressure to lower
pressure.
Filtration pressure - Correct answer-Pressure in compartment that results in
movement of fluid and substances dissolved in fluid out of the compartment.
Hydrostatic Pressure - Correct answer-Pressure exerted by the pumping of the
heart.
Colloid Osmotic Pressure - Correct answer-Pressure exerted by non-diffusible
plasma proteins, especially albumin.
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) - Correct answer-Works directly on renal tubules;
maintains blood osmolarity and total volume.
Renin - Correct answer-Released by the kidneys in response to decrease renal
perfusion secondary to a decrease in ECF Volume.
Aldosterone - Correct answer-Secreted by the adrenal gland; triggered by
angiotensin II, resulting in increased sodium and water resorption.
Glucocorticoids - Correct answer-Produced by the adrenal cortex; help to maintain
homeostasis through carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism.
(NUR 113) Exam Questions and Answers
Graded A+
Intracellular Fluid (ICF) - Correct answer-Fluid within the cell, comprising 2/3 of
body water.
Extracellular Fluid (ECF) - Correct answer-Fluid outside of the cell, comprising
1/3 of body water.
Intravascular Fluid - Correct answer-The liquid part of blood.
Interstitial Fluid - Correct answer-Fluid outside of blood vessels and between cells.
Transcellular Fluid - Correct answer-Fluid secreted by epithelial cells.
Factors influencing body fluid - Correct answer-Age, Gender, Body Fat.
Body Fluid Functions - Correct answer-Vital to health, normal cellular functioning,
medium for metabolic reactions, transports nutrients and waste products, acts as
lubricant, insulator, shock absorber, and helps to regulate body temperature.
Intracellular fluid percentage - Correct answer-40% of total body weight.
,Extracellular fluid percentage - Correct answer-20% of total body weight.
Principle ions in ICF - Correct answer-Potassium, Magnesium, Sulfate, Phosphate.
Principle ions in ECF - Correct answer-Sodium, Chloride, Calcium, Bicarbonate.
Fluid intake for adults - Correct answer-1400-1500 mL/day or 0.5 ml/kg/hr or 30
ml/hr of urine.
Fluid intake for infants - Correct answer-UOP 2 ml/kg/hr.
Fluid intake for children - Correct answer-UOP 0.5-1 ml/kg/hr.
Obligatory losses - Correct answer-Required to maintain normal body function,
including insensible fluid loss through skin and lungs, feces, and sweat.
Diffusion - Correct answer-Intermingling of molecules in liquids, gases, or solids;
rate varies by size of molecules, concentration of solution, and temperature of
solution.
Osmosis - Correct answer-Movement of water across cell membranes from less
concentrated solution to more concentrated solution.
Active Transport - Correct answer-Substances move across membranes from less
concentrated solution to more concentrated solution, expending metabolic energy.
, Filtration - Correct answer-Movement of fluid and solutes together across a
membrane from one compartment to another, from area of higher pressure to lower
pressure.
Filtration pressure - Correct answer-Pressure in compartment that results in
movement of fluid and substances dissolved in fluid out of the compartment.
Hydrostatic Pressure - Correct answer-Pressure exerted by the pumping of the
heart.
Colloid Osmotic Pressure - Correct answer-Pressure exerted by non-diffusible
plasma proteins, especially albumin.
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) - Correct answer-Works directly on renal tubules;
maintains blood osmolarity and total volume.
Renin - Correct answer-Released by the kidneys in response to decrease renal
perfusion secondary to a decrease in ECF Volume.
Aldosterone - Correct answer-Secreted by the adrenal gland; triggered by
angiotensin II, resulting in increased sodium and water resorption.
Glucocorticoids - Correct answer-Produced by the adrenal cortex; help to maintain
homeostasis through carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism.
