PSY 357 - Exam #3|Ques ons and answers | Updated
RATED A+ | NEW
Be able to iden fy an accurate descrip on of why it may or may not be important to study
garden path sentences
It is important to study garden path sentences bc/ such sentences DO occur in real life, and our
language facili es must deal with them.
Regarding the Ferreira & Cli"on (1986) experiment: Be able to iden fy or describe the following
elements:
- Theories/hypotheses tested
Syntax first and interac onists approaches
Regarding the Ferreira & Cli"on (1986) experiment: Be able to iden fy or describe the following
elements:
- Task/s muli used
Par cipants read different paragraph contexts to introduce a context manipula on.
- First, par cipants read a paragraph.
- Manipula on: some people got this addi onal paragraph context:
...he gave a tape to his editor and told him to listen to it
- And some people got this addi onal paragraph context:
...he ran a tape for one of his editors, and he showed some photos to the other
Regarding the Ferreira & Cli"on (1986) experiment: Be able to iden fy or describe the following
elements:
- Independent/dependent variables used in design
Independent Variable:
Two levels:
1. One editor context
2. Two editor context
Dependent variable:
First pass reading me at "agreed"
, Regarding the Ferreira & Cli"on (1986) experiment: Be able to iden fy or describe the following
elements:
- Predic ons made by different theories
- Interac onist: If readers are given one editor, they get garden pathed, and slowed down at
"agreed".
- Syntax first/garden path: no effects of context on reading mes; minimal a9achment and
syntax operate independently of context.
Regarding the Ferreira & Cli"on (1986) experiment: Be able to iden fy or describe the following
elements:
- Results of experiment
Results supported the modular, Garden Path Model; no immediate effect of context found at
disambigua ng region (agreed).
Regarding the Ferreira & Cli"on (1986) experiment: Be able to iden fy or describe the following
elements:
- Implica ons for Modularity
- Results do not show support for the interac onism side of things.
- Rather than support the syntax-first/garden path hypothesis and theory.
- Language must be modular.
Understand with good depth how the following studies provide evidence against the Garden
Path Model:
- Which specific piece of evidence (i.e., specific finding from a specific language or set of
languages) suggests that Late Closure is not universal? How?
Spanish, Dutch rela ve clauses a9ached to NP1. Seman cs and context seem to play an early
role in sentence processing (interac onist). Can eliminate syntac c ambiguity effects. Eye
movements reflect that more than syntax used ini ally.
Understand with good depth how the following studies provide evidence against the Garden
Path Model:
- Trueswell et al. (1994)—Understand its methods, results, and implica ons.
- Methods:
Presented with -
"The defendant examined by the lawyer..."
"The evidence examined by the lawyer...""...turned out to be unreliable"
- Results:
RATED A+ | NEW
Be able to iden fy an accurate descrip on of why it may or may not be important to study
garden path sentences
It is important to study garden path sentences bc/ such sentences DO occur in real life, and our
language facili es must deal with them.
Regarding the Ferreira & Cli"on (1986) experiment: Be able to iden fy or describe the following
elements:
- Theories/hypotheses tested
Syntax first and interac onists approaches
Regarding the Ferreira & Cli"on (1986) experiment: Be able to iden fy or describe the following
elements:
- Task/s muli used
Par cipants read different paragraph contexts to introduce a context manipula on.
- First, par cipants read a paragraph.
- Manipula on: some people got this addi onal paragraph context:
...he gave a tape to his editor and told him to listen to it
- And some people got this addi onal paragraph context:
...he ran a tape for one of his editors, and he showed some photos to the other
Regarding the Ferreira & Cli"on (1986) experiment: Be able to iden fy or describe the following
elements:
- Independent/dependent variables used in design
Independent Variable:
Two levels:
1. One editor context
2. Two editor context
Dependent variable:
First pass reading me at "agreed"
, Regarding the Ferreira & Cli"on (1986) experiment: Be able to iden fy or describe the following
elements:
- Predic ons made by different theories
- Interac onist: If readers are given one editor, they get garden pathed, and slowed down at
"agreed".
- Syntax first/garden path: no effects of context on reading mes; minimal a9achment and
syntax operate independently of context.
Regarding the Ferreira & Cli"on (1986) experiment: Be able to iden fy or describe the following
elements:
- Results of experiment
Results supported the modular, Garden Path Model; no immediate effect of context found at
disambigua ng region (agreed).
Regarding the Ferreira & Cli"on (1986) experiment: Be able to iden fy or describe the following
elements:
- Implica ons for Modularity
- Results do not show support for the interac onism side of things.
- Rather than support the syntax-first/garden path hypothesis and theory.
- Language must be modular.
Understand with good depth how the following studies provide evidence against the Garden
Path Model:
- Which specific piece of evidence (i.e., specific finding from a specific language or set of
languages) suggests that Late Closure is not universal? How?
Spanish, Dutch rela ve clauses a9ached to NP1. Seman cs and context seem to play an early
role in sentence processing (interac onist). Can eliminate syntac c ambiguity effects. Eye
movements reflect that more than syntax used ini ally.
Understand with good depth how the following studies provide evidence against the Garden
Path Model:
- Trueswell et al. (1994)—Understand its methods, results, and implica ons.
- Methods:
Presented with -
"The defendant examined by the lawyer..."
"The evidence examined by the lawyer...""...turned out to be unreliable"
- Results:
