Lewis's Medical-Surgical Nursing
Assessment and Management of
Clinical Problems
13th Edition
• Author(s)Mariann M. Harding;
Jeffrey Kwong; Debra Hagler;
Courtney Reinisch
TEST BANK
Question 1
A nurse is caring for a hospitalized patient who expresses
concern that the plan of care was developed without
considering personal preferences. Which nursing action best
demonstrates patient-centered care?
A. Following the provider's orders exactly as written
,B. Involving the patient in decisions about treatment goals
C. Limiting information to reduce patient anxiety
D. Deferring all questions to the health care provider
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Patient-centered care emphasizes respecting patient values,
preferences, and needs. Involving the patient in treatment
decisions promotes shared decision-making and improves
outcomes. Following orders without considering patient
preferences does not support patient-centered care. Limiting
information can undermine informed decision-making.
Deferring all questions to the provider neglects the nurse's role
as educator and advocate.
Question 2
A newly licensed nurse asks about the primary purpose of
professional licensure. Which response by the nurse educator is
most accurate?
A. To increase nurses' salaries
B. To establish workplace schedules
C. To protect the public by ensuring minimum competency
D. To guarantee employment opportunities
Correct Answer: C
,Rationale:
Professional licensure protects the public by verifying that
nurses meet minimum standards of knowledge and
competence. Licensure is not intended to determine salaries,
schedules, or employment guarantees. Public safety is the
central purpose of nursing licensure.
Question 3
A nurse is caring for a patient whose condition has changed
unexpectedly. Which action best reflects clinical judgment?
A. Continuing the existing care plan without reassessment
B. Waiting for the next shift to report changes
C. Assessing the patient, analyzing findings, and determining
appropriate interventions
D. Immediately documenting the findings without further
action
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Clinical judgment involves recognizing changes, analyzing
assessment data, making decisions, and implementing
interventions. Continuing the current plan without
reassessment may delay care. Waiting to report changes can
jeopardize patient safety. Documentation is important but does
not replace assessment and intervention.
Question 4
, A nurse is assigned to administer medications to four patients.
Which patient should the nurse assess first?
A. A patient scheduled for discharge later in the day
B. A patient reporting new-onset chest pressure
C. A patient requesting assistance with a meal tray
D. A patient waiting for routine morning medications
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
New-onset chest pressure may indicate a life-threatening
cardiac event and requires immediate assessment. The other
situations are important but do not represent the highest
priority. Prioritization requires addressing actual or potential
threats to life first.
Question 5
Which statement by a nurse best reflects professionalism?
A. "I only follow policies when someone is supervising me."
B. "I am responsible for maintaining competence and ethical
practice."
C. "My primary responsibility is to complete assigned tasks."
D. "Professional development ends after licensure."
Correct Answer: B
Assessment and Management of
Clinical Problems
13th Edition
• Author(s)Mariann M. Harding;
Jeffrey Kwong; Debra Hagler;
Courtney Reinisch
TEST BANK
Question 1
A nurse is caring for a hospitalized patient who expresses
concern that the plan of care was developed without
considering personal preferences. Which nursing action best
demonstrates patient-centered care?
A. Following the provider's orders exactly as written
,B. Involving the patient in decisions about treatment goals
C. Limiting information to reduce patient anxiety
D. Deferring all questions to the health care provider
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Patient-centered care emphasizes respecting patient values,
preferences, and needs. Involving the patient in treatment
decisions promotes shared decision-making and improves
outcomes. Following orders without considering patient
preferences does not support patient-centered care. Limiting
information can undermine informed decision-making.
Deferring all questions to the provider neglects the nurse's role
as educator and advocate.
Question 2
A newly licensed nurse asks about the primary purpose of
professional licensure. Which response by the nurse educator is
most accurate?
A. To increase nurses' salaries
B. To establish workplace schedules
C. To protect the public by ensuring minimum competency
D. To guarantee employment opportunities
Correct Answer: C
,Rationale:
Professional licensure protects the public by verifying that
nurses meet minimum standards of knowledge and
competence. Licensure is not intended to determine salaries,
schedules, or employment guarantees. Public safety is the
central purpose of nursing licensure.
Question 3
A nurse is caring for a patient whose condition has changed
unexpectedly. Which action best reflects clinical judgment?
A. Continuing the existing care plan without reassessment
B. Waiting for the next shift to report changes
C. Assessing the patient, analyzing findings, and determining
appropriate interventions
D. Immediately documenting the findings without further
action
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Clinical judgment involves recognizing changes, analyzing
assessment data, making decisions, and implementing
interventions. Continuing the current plan without
reassessment may delay care. Waiting to report changes can
jeopardize patient safety. Documentation is important but does
not replace assessment and intervention.
Question 4
, A nurse is assigned to administer medications to four patients.
Which patient should the nurse assess first?
A. A patient scheduled for discharge later in the day
B. A patient reporting new-onset chest pressure
C. A patient requesting assistance with a meal tray
D. A patient waiting for routine morning medications
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
New-onset chest pressure may indicate a life-threatening
cardiac event and requires immediate assessment. The other
situations are important but do not represent the highest
priority. Prioritization requires addressing actual or potential
threats to life first.
Question 5
Which statement by a nurse best reflects professionalism?
A. "I only follow policies when someone is supervising me."
B. "I am responsible for maintaining competence and ethical
practice."
C. "My primary responsibility is to complete assigned tasks."
D. "Professional development ends after licensure."
Correct Answer: B
