NSG 120 HESI Exam #3 Pharmacology 2026 | Latest Update
| Exam Prep Questions & Answers | Graded A+
1. A patient with heart failure is experiencing low cardiac output. Which
treatment option would be most appropriate to consider for improving their
heart function?
Inotropic therapy
Beta-blocker therapy
Antihypertensive medication
Diuretic therapy
2. Which anti-epileptic drug is known to increase sensitivity to sunlight?
Carbamazepine
Valproate
Phenytoin
Lamotrigine
3. Describe the role of aqueous humor in maintaining eye health and how its
alteration can lead to glaucoma.
Aqueous humor helps maintain intraocular pressure and provides
nutrients to the eye; its alteration can lead to increased pressure,
causing glaucoma.
Aqueous humor is responsible for vision clarity; its alteration leads to
blurred vision.
Aqueous humor is involved in the production of tears; its alteration
leads to dry eye syndrome.
, Aqueous humor protects the eye from infections; its alteration causes
inflammation.
4. Which medication is administered to a patient with atrial fibrillation to prevent
blood from clotting?
Anticoagulant
Diuretics
Morphine sulfate
Beta-blockers
5. What is the primary site of action for calcium channel blockers in the
cardiovascular system?
In the sinoatrial (SA) node
In the coronary arteries
At the atrioventricular (AV) node
In the ventricular myocardium
6. What is the recommended waiting time between administering two different
types of eye drops?
5 to 10 minutes
1 to 2 minutes
30 minutes
15 to 20 minutes
7. Describe why ACE inhibitors are preferred for diabetic patients with renal
impairment.
, ACE inhibitors help protect kidney function and manage blood
pressure in diabetic patients.
ACE inhibitors are primarily used to treat heart failure.
ACE inhibitors have no effect on kidney function.
ACE inhibitors are the only drugs that lower blood sugar levels.
8. Describe why a heart transplant is considered the only cure for heart failure.
Heart failure can be treated with lifestyle changes alone.
A heart transplant replaces the damaged heart with a healthy one,
addressing the underlying cause of heart failure.
Heart failure can be managed with medications, but not cured.
Heart transplants are only for patients with dysrhythmias.
9. Describe how amiodarone can affect thyroid function in patients.
Amiodarone only causes hyperthyroidism by increasing thyroid
hormone production.
Amiodarone can lead to both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism
due to its high iodine content.
Amiodarone has no effect on thyroid function.
Amiodarone only causes hypothyroidism by decreasing thyroid
hormone production.
10. A patient has been ordered the powdered form of the bile acid sequestrant
colestipol hydrochloride. Which information does the nurse identify as true?
The nurse should have the patient swallow the dose of the colestipol
powder one teaspoonful at a time.
The colestipol should be administered with meals.
, The powder should be dissolved and immediately administered.
The colestipol should be administered 1 hour before or 4 to 6 hours
after any other oral medication.
11. Describe the role of anticoagulants in the management of atrial fibrillation.
Anticoagulants are used to lower blood pressure in patients with atrial
fibrillation.
Anticoagulants increase heart rate in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Anticoagulants are primarily used to treat heart failure.
Anticoagulants help prevent the formation of blood clots in
patients with atrial fibrillation, reducing the risk of stroke.
12. Which antihypertensive medication is commonly recommended for use
during pregnancy?
Lisinopril
Atenolol
Methyldopa
Losartan
13. A patient with hypertension is prescribed a bile acid sequestrant and is also
taking a medication for heart failure. How should the nurse advise the
patient regarding the timing of these medications?
The patient should wait 30 minutes after the bile acid sequestrant
before taking the heart failure medication.
The patient should take the heart failure medication first, then the bile
acid sequestrant.
| Exam Prep Questions & Answers | Graded A+
1. A patient with heart failure is experiencing low cardiac output. Which
treatment option would be most appropriate to consider for improving their
heart function?
Inotropic therapy
Beta-blocker therapy
Antihypertensive medication
Diuretic therapy
2. Which anti-epileptic drug is known to increase sensitivity to sunlight?
Carbamazepine
Valproate
Phenytoin
Lamotrigine
3. Describe the role of aqueous humor in maintaining eye health and how its
alteration can lead to glaucoma.
Aqueous humor helps maintain intraocular pressure and provides
nutrients to the eye; its alteration can lead to increased pressure,
causing glaucoma.
Aqueous humor is responsible for vision clarity; its alteration leads to
blurred vision.
Aqueous humor is involved in the production of tears; its alteration
leads to dry eye syndrome.
, Aqueous humor protects the eye from infections; its alteration causes
inflammation.
4. Which medication is administered to a patient with atrial fibrillation to prevent
blood from clotting?
Anticoagulant
Diuretics
Morphine sulfate
Beta-blockers
5. What is the primary site of action for calcium channel blockers in the
cardiovascular system?
In the sinoatrial (SA) node
In the coronary arteries
At the atrioventricular (AV) node
In the ventricular myocardium
6. What is the recommended waiting time between administering two different
types of eye drops?
5 to 10 minutes
1 to 2 minutes
30 minutes
15 to 20 minutes
7. Describe why ACE inhibitors are preferred for diabetic patients with renal
impairment.
, ACE inhibitors help protect kidney function and manage blood
pressure in diabetic patients.
ACE inhibitors are primarily used to treat heart failure.
ACE inhibitors have no effect on kidney function.
ACE inhibitors are the only drugs that lower blood sugar levels.
8. Describe why a heart transplant is considered the only cure for heart failure.
Heart failure can be treated with lifestyle changes alone.
A heart transplant replaces the damaged heart with a healthy one,
addressing the underlying cause of heart failure.
Heart failure can be managed with medications, but not cured.
Heart transplants are only for patients with dysrhythmias.
9. Describe how amiodarone can affect thyroid function in patients.
Amiodarone only causes hyperthyroidism by increasing thyroid
hormone production.
Amiodarone can lead to both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism
due to its high iodine content.
Amiodarone has no effect on thyroid function.
Amiodarone only causes hypothyroidism by decreasing thyroid
hormone production.
10. A patient has been ordered the powdered form of the bile acid sequestrant
colestipol hydrochloride. Which information does the nurse identify as true?
The nurse should have the patient swallow the dose of the colestipol
powder one teaspoonful at a time.
The colestipol should be administered with meals.
, The powder should be dissolved and immediately administered.
The colestipol should be administered 1 hour before or 4 to 6 hours
after any other oral medication.
11. Describe the role of anticoagulants in the management of atrial fibrillation.
Anticoagulants are used to lower blood pressure in patients with atrial
fibrillation.
Anticoagulants increase heart rate in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Anticoagulants are primarily used to treat heart failure.
Anticoagulants help prevent the formation of blood clots in
patients with atrial fibrillation, reducing the risk of stroke.
12. Which antihypertensive medication is commonly recommended for use
during pregnancy?
Lisinopril
Atenolol
Methyldopa
Losartan
13. A patient with hypertension is prescribed a bile acid sequestrant and is also
taking a medication for heart failure. How should the nurse advise the
patient regarding the timing of these medications?
The patient should wait 30 minutes after the bile acid sequestrant
before taking the heart failure medication.
The patient should take the heart failure medication first, then the bile
acid sequestrant.
