NSG 120 HESI Pathophysiology Success Guide 2026 |
Verified Questions & Answers | Graded A+ HERZING
UNIVERSITY
1. A client is to receive atropine as a preanesthetic. The nurse would inform the
client that this drug is given for which reason?
Relieve anxiety
Promote relaxation
Promote sedation
Decrease secretions
2. What is a common risk factor for dysrhythmias in older adults?
Age-related changes in cardiac function
High fluid intake
Increased physical activity
Low blood pressure
3. What is a common reaction that may occur shortly after the initiation of a
blood transfusion?
Transfusion-related acute lung injury
Allergic reaction
Hemolytic reaction
Febrile non-hemolytic reaction
4. Which assessment finding should the nurse expect to find in a client with
cirrhosis of the liver?
Pain radiating to the back
, Difficulty digesting starch and fats
Ascites
Hyperglycemia
5. What condition is commonly associated with urinary urgency, frequency, and
stress incontinence in postmenopausal women?
Hodgkin's disease
Urinary tract infection
Estrogen deficiency
Prostate cancer
6. What is decorticate posturing indicative of in a comatose patient?
Cerebellar dysfunction
Increased intracranial pressure
Damage to the corticospinal tract
Peripheral nerve injury
7. The nurse is caring for a child with tetanus. Nursing care is correct if which
actions are taken?
Decrease the environmental stimulation, including no bumping of
the child's bed.
Put cool packs on the back to reduce meningeal inflammation and
muscle spasms.
Provide oral rinsing to stimulate the salivary glands and relax any jaw
stiffness.
Maintain a well-lit room so localized muscle spasms can be detected.
,8. What is a common symptom that a nurse should look for in a client with a
large bowel obstruction?
Abdominal distension
Increased appetite
Weight gain
Frequent urination
9. A client is diagnosed with a stroke that affects the right hemisphere of the
brain. Nurse should expect the client to have which symptoms?
Expressive aphasia
Poor impulse control
Right hemiparesis
Slow cautious behavior
10. Free radicals damage cells by:
Disrupting calcium storage in the cell
Altering the immune response of the cell
Inactivation of enzymes and mitochondria
Destroying phospholipids in the cell membrane
11. In a patient with a long-standing inflammatory condition, what histologic
finding would you expect to see upon biopsy of the affected tissue?
Increased lymphocyte infiltration
Presence of granulomas
Absence of inflammatory cells
, High levels of neutrophils
12. Describe how diabetes mellitus can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Diabetes mellitus causes kidney stones that block urine flow, leading
to CKD.
Diabetes mellitus can lead to chronic kidney disease by causing
damage to the blood vessels in the kidneys, impairing their ability
to filter waste.
Diabetes mellitus has no effect on kidney function.
Diabetes mellitus increases the production of urine, which directly
causes CKD.
13. Anwar consults Dr. Sebastian because he is experiencing a weak stream of
urine, blood in the urine, and pelvic pain. Dr. Sebastian asks Anwar to
undergo a digital rectal examination and a protein-specific antigen (PSA)
blood test. Which of the following conditions is Dr. Sebastian trying to
screen for?
prostate cancer
benign prostatic hyperplasia
erectile dysfunction
prostatitis
14. Describe the role of the pituitary gland in regulating nipple secretions in
males and why its evaluation is important in this scenario.
The pituitary gland regulates testosterone levels, which affects nipple
secretions in males.
The pituitary gland produces prolactin, which can lead to nipple
secretions in males; evaluating its function is crucial for diagnosing
Verified Questions & Answers | Graded A+ HERZING
UNIVERSITY
1. A client is to receive atropine as a preanesthetic. The nurse would inform the
client that this drug is given for which reason?
Relieve anxiety
Promote relaxation
Promote sedation
Decrease secretions
2. What is a common risk factor for dysrhythmias in older adults?
Age-related changes in cardiac function
High fluid intake
Increased physical activity
Low blood pressure
3. What is a common reaction that may occur shortly after the initiation of a
blood transfusion?
Transfusion-related acute lung injury
Allergic reaction
Hemolytic reaction
Febrile non-hemolytic reaction
4. Which assessment finding should the nurse expect to find in a client with
cirrhosis of the liver?
Pain radiating to the back
, Difficulty digesting starch and fats
Ascites
Hyperglycemia
5. What condition is commonly associated with urinary urgency, frequency, and
stress incontinence in postmenopausal women?
Hodgkin's disease
Urinary tract infection
Estrogen deficiency
Prostate cancer
6. What is decorticate posturing indicative of in a comatose patient?
Cerebellar dysfunction
Increased intracranial pressure
Damage to the corticospinal tract
Peripheral nerve injury
7. The nurse is caring for a child with tetanus. Nursing care is correct if which
actions are taken?
Decrease the environmental stimulation, including no bumping of
the child's bed.
Put cool packs on the back to reduce meningeal inflammation and
muscle spasms.
Provide oral rinsing to stimulate the salivary glands and relax any jaw
stiffness.
Maintain a well-lit room so localized muscle spasms can be detected.
,8. What is a common symptom that a nurse should look for in a client with a
large bowel obstruction?
Abdominal distension
Increased appetite
Weight gain
Frequent urination
9. A client is diagnosed with a stroke that affects the right hemisphere of the
brain. Nurse should expect the client to have which symptoms?
Expressive aphasia
Poor impulse control
Right hemiparesis
Slow cautious behavior
10. Free radicals damage cells by:
Disrupting calcium storage in the cell
Altering the immune response of the cell
Inactivation of enzymes and mitochondria
Destroying phospholipids in the cell membrane
11. In a patient with a long-standing inflammatory condition, what histologic
finding would you expect to see upon biopsy of the affected tissue?
Increased lymphocyte infiltration
Presence of granulomas
Absence of inflammatory cells
, High levels of neutrophils
12. Describe how diabetes mellitus can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Diabetes mellitus causes kidney stones that block urine flow, leading
to CKD.
Diabetes mellitus can lead to chronic kidney disease by causing
damage to the blood vessels in the kidneys, impairing their ability
to filter waste.
Diabetes mellitus has no effect on kidney function.
Diabetes mellitus increases the production of urine, which directly
causes CKD.
13. Anwar consults Dr. Sebastian because he is experiencing a weak stream of
urine, blood in the urine, and pelvic pain. Dr. Sebastian asks Anwar to
undergo a digital rectal examination and a protein-specific antigen (PSA)
blood test. Which of the following conditions is Dr. Sebastian trying to
screen for?
prostate cancer
benign prostatic hyperplasia
erectile dysfunction
prostatitis
14. Describe the role of the pituitary gland in regulating nipple secretions in
males and why its evaluation is important in this scenario.
The pituitary gland regulates testosterone levels, which affects nipple
secretions in males.
The pituitary gland produces prolactin, which can lead to nipple
secretions in males; evaluating its function is crucial for diagnosing
