A critical sensibility asks “how do you know?” Selection bias occurs when the sample
of people studied is not representative of everyone that could be studied. A
particular group is selected, which can bias the results of the study. How does
selection bias affect the statistic that over 90% of former NFL players have developed
CTE?
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These people wanted their brains studied after death which means that
their families had a reason to request that. There were most likely symptoms
or something that led them to believe that something was wrong.
Critical sensibility: How could it be otherwise? What might "kill" football?
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, Football might be killed by parents not letting their children play football
because they are too worried about concussions and overall injuries. It has
been noted that kids from white upper-class families have been pulled out
of the sport, but kids from lower-class families continue to play because of
the scholarship opportunities. Football could be different if we took away
helmets or face masks.
Structural sensibility: What structural (organizational) changes have the NFL made to
address concussions?
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The NFL has introduced more concussion protocols and has donated
money to researching CTE in the hopes of being able to prevent and
diagnose the disease.
The World Anti-Doping Agency reported in 2015 that more than ____ % of all elite
athletes could be using PEDs. A 2015 review published in Sports Medicine puts that
estimate at an even higher 15 to ____% of all elite athletes. Some people think that
number is too low. In your estimation, what percentage of elite athletes dope? How
prevalent do you think it was in your high school?
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10, 39 - I think that probably about 50% of all elite athletes dope. I don't
think that it would be much higher than that because I believe that there are
athletes out there that are extremely against doping, but there are many
out there who have most likely done it at least once in their life. I honestly
don't think doping was that prevalent in my high school. I know that people
did drugs and used other substances, but I don't think performance-
enhancing drugs were being used.
, Historical sensibility: What has changed over time that contributes to CTE in the NFL?
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There has been an increase in the size of the players and there are now
face masks on helmets. The size of the players has increased over time,
which in turn increases the force of the tackles. The face masks on the
helmets allows/encourages players to lead with their head and use it as a
weapon when tackling versus using their shoulders.
Under the principle of “_____________________,” American institutions provide drug users with
medical and mental health treatment. How would this work with doping in sport?
What does the author argue about this?
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harm reduction - This would work in sport because the PEDs that have
been approved by the FDA have been studied in other patients and would
be administered safely to athletes. This would hopefully make the process
safer for anyone who does dope. However, these drugs were used on
regular people or people recovering from diseases, which are completely
different from being tested on elite athletes. We don't know what amount is
safe for athletes yet because it hasn't been studied, so in reality, we don't
know what is safe yet.
True or False: The NHL is the first sports league to deny a link to long-term brain
damage. Explain.
Give this one a try later!
of people studied is not representative of everyone that could be studied. A
particular group is selected, which can bias the results of the study. How does
selection bias affect the statistic that over 90% of former NFL players have developed
CTE?
Give this one a try later!
These people wanted their brains studied after death which means that
their families had a reason to request that. There were most likely symptoms
or something that led them to believe that something was wrong.
Critical sensibility: How could it be otherwise? What might "kill" football?
Give this one a try later!
, Football might be killed by parents not letting their children play football
because they are too worried about concussions and overall injuries. It has
been noted that kids from white upper-class families have been pulled out
of the sport, but kids from lower-class families continue to play because of
the scholarship opportunities. Football could be different if we took away
helmets or face masks.
Structural sensibility: What structural (organizational) changes have the NFL made to
address concussions?
Give this one a try later!
The NFL has introduced more concussion protocols and has donated
money to researching CTE in the hopes of being able to prevent and
diagnose the disease.
The World Anti-Doping Agency reported in 2015 that more than ____ % of all elite
athletes could be using PEDs. A 2015 review published in Sports Medicine puts that
estimate at an even higher 15 to ____% of all elite athletes. Some people think that
number is too low. In your estimation, what percentage of elite athletes dope? How
prevalent do you think it was in your high school?
Give this one a try later!
10, 39 - I think that probably about 50% of all elite athletes dope. I don't
think that it would be much higher than that because I believe that there are
athletes out there that are extremely against doping, but there are many
out there who have most likely done it at least once in their life. I honestly
don't think doping was that prevalent in my high school. I know that people
did drugs and used other substances, but I don't think performance-
enhancing drugs were being used.
, Historical sensibility: What has changed over time that contributes to CTE in the NFL?
Give this one a try later!
There has been an increase in the size of the players and there are now
face masks on helmets. The size of the players has increased over time,
which in turn increases the force of the tackles. The face masks on the
helmets allows/encourages players to lead with their head and use it as a
weapon when tackling versus using their shoulders.
Under the principle of “_____________________,” American institutions provide drug users with
medical and mental health treatment. How would this work with doping in sport?
What does the author argue about this?
Give this one a try later!
harm reduction - This would work in sport because the PEDs that have
been approved by the FDA have been studied in other patients and would
be administered safely to athletes. This would hopefully make the process
safer for anyone who does dope. However, these drugs were used on
regular people or people recovering from diseases, which are completely
different from being tested on elite athletes. We don't know what amount is
safe for athletes yet because it hasn't been studied, so in reality, we don't
know what is safe yet.
True or False: The NHL is the first sports league to deny a link to long-term brain
damage. Explain.
Give this one a try later!
