PPN 302 Final Exam Questions with Verified Correct Answers |
Latest Update 2026/2027 | 100% Pass| Rated A+
what is community assessment?
process of gathering, analyzing, and reporting information about needs, capacities, and
strengths of community
why do we use community assessment?
to identify needs, wants, challenges, prioritize and implement
steps to assessment
gathering data, analyzing data, prioritize
qualitative data
primary data ; interviews, 1:1 observation, focus group
quanitative data
secondary data ; literature, websites, hospitals, governments
benefits of community assessment
empowerment, capacity building, allows community to determine goal, building existing
strengths
Problem/need identification
influenced by determinants, influence inequity
capacity identification
resources and potential strengths present
normative need
determined by experts through professional analysis
felt need
what people say they need
expressed need
1|Page
,Felt need put into action (help is seeked)
comparative need
Comparing the needs of one group with those of another
what are the four types of community assessments
environmental scan, needs assessment, resource evaluation, and program investigation
what is an environmental scan
type of community assessment preliminary, broad overview to see what is what & identification
of factors impacting community
what is problem investigation
type of community assessment focus on issues and how it happens - root causes and effects
what is resource evaluation
type of community assessment that focuses on evaluating existing services to see if they meet
goals, is the program worth the money
when is resource evaluation done
generally when use has changed could be because of demographics or social impacts
what is a needs assessment
type of community assessment that looks at what is missing and resource allocation. prioritizes
that should be addressed
what is the ladder of participation?
used to show increasing access to decision making power
what are the rungs of the ladder of participation?
manipulation, therapy, informing, consultation, placation, partnership, delegated power, citizen
control
what are the non-participation factors of the ladder of participation?
manipulation and therapy
DOING TO section of the ladder of participation
non-participation
2|Page
, what is manipulation from ladder of participation?
passive to mislead the community into believing that they are given some type of power, want
to change powerless
what is therapy from ladder of participation
pseudo participatory programs attempting to convince citizens that they are the problem,
curing rather than addressing issues
what are the degrees of tokenism factors of the ladder of participation?
informing, consultation, and placation
DOING FOR section of ladder of particpation
degree of tokenism
what is informing in ladder of participation
community informed but not offered opportunity to contribute, one-way channel
what is consultation in ladder of participation
options and values sought but no assurance that their ideas are understood (surveys)
why are consultation levels of participation done some times
power holders achieve evidence that they went though the notion of involving community
what is placation in the ladder of participation
have limited degree of influence, often put on boards but traditional power holders will hold
power
what are the degree of citizen power factors of the ladder of participation?
partnership, delegated power, and citizen control
DOING WITH section of ladder of participation
degree of citizen power
what is partnership in ladder of participation
citizens allowed in decisions, and shared-planning but often TAKEN by citizens through protests
what is delegated power in ladder of participation
3|Page
Latest Update 2026/2027 | 100% Pass| Rated A+
what is community assessment?
process of gathering, analyzing, and reporting information about needs, capacities, and
strengths of community
why do we use community assessment?
to identify needs, wants, challenges, prioritize and implement
steps to assessment
gathering data, analyzing data, prioritize
qualitative data
primary data ; interviews, 1:1 observation, focus group
quanitative data
secondary data ; literature, websites, hospitals, governments
benefits of community assessment
empowerment, capacity building, allows community to determine goal, building existing
strengths
Problem/need identification
influenced by determinants, influence inequity
capacity identification
resources and potential strengths present
normative need
determined by experts through professional analysis
felt need
what people say they need
expressed need
1|Page
,Felt need put into action (help is seeked)
comparative need
Comparing the needs of one group with those of another
what are the four types of community assessments
environmental scan, needs assessment, resource evaluation, and program investigation
what is an environmental scan
type of community assessment preliminary, broad overview to see what is what & identification
of factors impacting community
what is problem investigation
type of community assessment focus on issues and how it happens - root causes and effects
what is resource evaluation
type of community assessment that focuses on evaluating existing services to see if they meet
goals, is the program worth the money
when is resource evaluation done
generally when use has changed could be because of demographics or social impacts
what is a needs assessment
type of community assessment that looks at what is missing and resource allocation. prioritizes
that should be addressed
what is the ladder of participation?
used to show increasing access to decision making power
what are the rungs of the ladder of participation?
manipulation, therapy, informing, consultation, placation, partnership, delegated power, citizen
control
what are the non-participation factors of the ladder of participation?
manipulation and therapy
DOING TO section of the ladder of participation
non-participation
2|Page
, what is manipulation from ladder of participation?
passive to mislead the community into believing that they are given some type of power, want
to change powerless
what is therapy from ladder of participation
pseudo participatory programs attempting to convince citizens that they are the problem,
curing rather than addressing issues
what are the degrees of tokenism factors of the ladder of participation?
informing, consultation, and placation
DOING FOR section of ladder of particpation
degree of tokenism
what is informing in ladder of participation
community informed but not offered opportunity to contribute, one-way channel
what is consultation in ladder of participation
options and values sought but no assurance that their ideas are understood (surveys)
why are consultation levels of participation done some times
power holders achieve evidence that they went though the notion of involving community
what is placation in the ladder of participation
have limited degree of influence, often put on boards but traditional power holders will hold
power
what are the degree of citizen power factors of the ladder of participation?
partnership, delegated power, and citizen control
DOING WITH section of ladder of participation
degree of citizen power
what is partnership in ladder of participation
citizens allowed in decisions, and shared-planning but often TAKEN by citizens through protests
what is delegated power in ladder of participation
3|Page
