Bio: Exam 2 (Texas State University)
Study Guide Questions with Correct
Answers.
What are the two main cell types? - Answer Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
What type of cells are classified as prokaryotic? - Answer Bacteria
What types of organisms are classified as eukaryotic? - Answer Plants, animals, insects
What type of organisms are in the domain archaea? - Answer extremophils (organisms that
live in extreme environments)
True or False: Domain archaea have both prokaryotes and eukaryotes - Answer True
Why are prokaryotic cells limited in size? - Answer b/c they lack organelles that group
reactions
Prokaryotic cells lack ____1____ and extensive ____2____ _______3_______ organelles -
Answer 1. nuclei
2. membrane
3. bound
Compared to eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic are much __________ - Answer smaller
Eukaryotic cells have ___1____ and extensive ____2_____ ____3____ organelles - Answer 1.
nuclei
2. membrane
3. bound
What 3 things to all prokaryotes have? - Answer 1. Ribosomes: for protein synthesis
2. SOME organelles
3. Cell wall: may contain peptidoglycan
What's one way to kill prokaryotic cells? - Answer Target their ribosomes (ribosomes produce
proteins, which do the work of the cell)
,What defines a eukaryotic cell? - Answer the nucleus
___ ft of DNA is in one nucleus of the cell - Answer 6
How is DNA packaged in the nucleus? - Answer -it's packaged into chromatin
-DNA is wrapped around proteins (histones)
-organized into chromosomes (individual units of DNA)
What is nuclear transport? - Answer things move in and out of the nucleus
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, which is the... - Answer site of ribosomal RNA synthesis
and ribosome assembly
Where are ribosomes put together? - Answer in the nucleolus
What are nuclear pores? - Answer openings with proteins that "guard"- only certain
substances can move through
What kind of molecules can move in and out of the nucleus? - Answer 1. certain proteins
2. RNA
3. nucleotides
Proteins that enter the nucleus must have a ___1___ ___2___ signal within their ____3____
structure. - Answer 1. Nuclear
2. Localization
3. primary
What CANNOT get out of the nucleus? - Answer DNA
What MUST be present in order for proteins to get in and out of the nucleus? - Answer NLS
(Nuclear Localization Signal)
True or False: Ribosomes are membrane bound organelles - Answer FALSE. Ribosomes are
NOT membrane bound
, What is the function of ribosomes? - Answer site of protein production
Are ribosomes only found in eukaryotes? - Answer No, also found in prokaryotes
True or False: you can have proteins hanging out in the cytoplasm - Answer True
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? - Answer Production of proteins
that will be shipped to particular destinations
What makes the rough ER "rough"? - Answer Ribosomes are attached to it
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? (2 functions) - Answer 1. Lipid
synthesis
- Steroids
- Fats
- Phospholipids
- Cholesterol
2. Detoxification of poisonous molecules (contains enzymes that detoxify)
Where in the body would you find a lot of smooth ER? - Answer Liver
Areas of rough and smooth ER are __________ in the cell - Answer joined
What is the Stack of Cisternae? - Answer flattened membrane stacks that make up the Golgi
Apparatus
The Golgi apparatus processes protein products of the __________ ER - Answer rough
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus? - Answer operates like a postal system: protein
products are are modified, stored and shipped (sorts where proteins need to go)
What are the two sides of the Golgi apparatus? - Answer Cis face and trans face
Do things come through or leave through the cis face of the Golgi apparatus? - Answer come
through
Study Guide Questions with Correct
Answers.
What are the two main cell types? - Answer Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
What type of cells are classified as prokaryotic? - Answer Bacteria
What types of organisms are classified as eukaryotic? - Answer Plants, animals, insects
What type of organisms are in the domain archaea? - Answer extremophils (organisms that
live in extreme environments)
True or False: Domain archaea have both prokaryotes and eukaryotes - Answer True
Why are prokaryotic cells limited in size? - Answer b/c they lack organelles that group
reactions
Prokaryotic cells lack ____1____ and extensive ____2____ _______3_______ organelles -
Answer 1. nuclei
2. membrane
3. bound
Compared to eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic are much __________ - Answer smaller
Eukaryotic cells have ___1____ and extensive ____2_____ ____3____ organelles - Answer 1.
nuclei
2. membrane
3. bound
What 3 things to all prokaryotes have? - Answer 1. Ribosomes: for protein synthesis
2. SOME organelles
3. Cell wall: may contain peptidoglycan
What's one way to kill prokaryotic cells? - Answer Target their ribosomes (ribosomes produce
proteins, which do the work of the cell)
,What defines a eukaryotic cell? - Answer the nucleus
___ ft of DNA is in one nucleus of the cell - Answer 6
How is DNA packaged in the nucleus? - Answer -it's packaged into chromatin
-DNA is wrapped around proteins (histones)
-organized into chromosomes (individual units of DNA)
What is nuclear transport? - Answer things move in and out of the nucleus
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, which is the... - Answer site of ribosomal RNA synthesis
and ribosome assembly
Where are ribosomes put together? - Answer in the nucleolus
What are nuclear pores? - Answer openings with proteins that "guard"- only certain
substances can move through
What kind of molecules can move in and out of the nucleus? - Answer 1. certain proteins
2. RNA
3. nucleotides
Proteins that enter the nucleus must have a ___1___ ___2___ signal within their ____3____
structure. - Answer 1. Nuclear
2. Localization
3. primary
What CANNOT get out of the nucleus? - Answer DNA
What MUST be present in order for proteins to get in and out of the nucleus? - Answer NLS
(Nuclear Localization Signal)
True or False: Ribosomes are membrane bound organelles - Answer FALSE. Ribosomes are
NOT membrane bound
, What is the function of ribosomes? - Answer site of protein production
Are ribosomes only found in eukaryotes? - Answer No, also found in prokaryotes
True or False: you can have proteins hanging out in the cytoplasm - Answer True
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? - Answer Production of proteins
that will be shipped to particular destinations
What makes the rough ER "rough"? - Answer Ribosomes are attached to it
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? (2 functions) - Answer 1. Lipid
synthesis
- Steroids
- Fats
- Phospholipids
- Cholesterol
2. Detoxification of poisonous molecules (contains enzymes that detoxify)
Where in the body would you find a lot of smooth ER? - Answer Liver
Areas of rough and smooth ER are __________ in the cell - Answer joined
What is the Stack of Cisternae? - Answer flattened membrane stacks that make up the Golgi
Apparatus
The Golgi apparatus processes protein products of the __________ ER - Answer rough
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus? - Answer operates like a postal system: protein
products are are modified, stored and shipped (sorts where proteins need to go)
What are the two sides of the Golgi apparatus? - Answer Cis face and trans face
Do things come through or leave through the cis face of the Golgi apparatus? - Answer come
through
