BMS 127 Final Exam Questions With Correct
Answers
shape of prokaryotic DNA - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-circular
| | | | | |
plasmid - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-small circular extrachromosomal DNA
| | | | | | |
molecule
T/F: plasmids are necessary for genome survival - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-F
T/F: genomic genes are on plasmid - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-F
| | | | | | | |
plasmids are small, but large enough to_____ that can _____ - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-contain lots of genes that can alter phenotype of bacteria
| | | | | | | | | |
how can plasmids be described as and what does this mean? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-high copy or low copy; meaning that they're present in
| | | | | | | | | | |
high or low numbers
| | |
,origin of replication - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-DNA sequence, on
| | | | | | | |
plasmid, where replication of plasmid begins
| | | | |
what regulates whether or not plasmids are present? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-origin of replication | |
where do DNA polymerases bind to begin replication on plasmids? -
| | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-at origin of replication
| | | |
what determines the copy number of plasmids? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-the binding affinity of DNA polymerase and origin of
| | | | | | | | |
replication
origins with _____ affinity usually are found on ____ copy plasmids -
| | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-high, high | |
what are the 2 mechanisms by which plasmids replicate? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-1. theta type replication (main one) | | | | |
2. rolling circle replication
| | |
what is the result of theta type replication - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-2
| | | | | | | | | | |
circular plasmids |
,2 identical plasmids, each having 1 original and one new strand
| | | | | | | | | |
Result of Theta type Replication? and 1st step? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | |
2 DNA polymerases binds to origin and replication happens in 2
| | | | | | | | | | |
directions @ same time | | |
2 identical plasmids, each having 1 original and one new strand
| | | | | | | | | |
what is the result of rolling circle replication? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1
| | | | | | | | | | |
circular and 1 linear plasmid| | | |
1st step of rolling circle replication and what is the end result? -
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1 strand of plasmid is nicked, other gets
| | | | | | | | |
unravelled
1 linear copy and 1 circular copy
| | | | | |
nick - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-one of sugar phosphate backbones is
| | | | | | | | |
broken in plasmid DNA | | |
recombination - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the exchange of genes b/w 2 | | | | | | | | |
DNA molecules, making a new combination of genes on each
| | | | | | | | |
, where does recombination happen - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-at regions
| | | | | | | |
of sequence identity
| |
sequence identity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-regions where nucleotide
| | | | | | |
sequences are identical | |
why is it important that recombination happens at regions of sequence
| | | | | | | | | | |
identity? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. there are diploid creatures since
| | | | | | | | |
crossover happens here | |
2. how diploid organisms get correct complement of chromosomes
| | | | | | | |
3. allows for genetic diversity
| | | |
horizontal gene transfer - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-movement of genes
| | | | | | | |
into pre-existing cells (cells of same generation)
| | | | | |
what are 3 mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-conjugation, transformation, transduction | |
conjugation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-transfer of a plamsid b/w cells
| | | | | | | | |
through a sex pilus | | |
Answers
shape of prokaryotic DNA - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-circular
| | | | | |
plasmid - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-small circular extrachromosomal DNA
| | | | | | |
molecule
T/F: plasmids are necessary for genome survival - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-F
T/F: genomic genes are on plasmid - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-F
| | | | | | | |
plasmids are small, but large enough to_____ that can _____ - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-contain lots of genes that can alter phenotype of bacteria
| | | | | | | | | |
how can plasmids be described as and what does this mean? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-high copy or low copy; meaning that they're present in
| | | | | | | | | | |
high or low numbers
| | |
,origin of replication - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-DNA sequence, on
| | | | | | | |
plasmid, where replication of plasmid begins
| | | | |
what regulates whether or not plasmids are present? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-origin of replication | |
where do DNA polymerases bind to begin replication on plasmids? -
| | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-at origin of replication
| | | |
what determines the copy number of plasmids? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-the binding affinity of DNA polymerase and origin of
| | | | | | | | |
replication
origins with _____ affinity usually are found on ____ copy plasmids -
| | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-high, high | |
what are the 2 mechanisms by which plasmids replicate? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-1. theta type replication (main one) | | | | |
2. rolling circle replication
| | |
what is the result of theta type replication - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-2
| | | | | | | | | | |
circular plasmids |
,2 identical plasmids, each having 1 original and one new strand
| | | | | | | | | |
Result of Theta type Replication? and 1st step? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | |
2 DNA polymerases binds to origin and replication happens in 2
| | | | | | | | | | |
directions @ same time | | |
2 identical plasmids, each having 1 original and one new strand
| | | | | | | | | |
what is the result of rolling circle replication? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1
| | | | | | | | | | |
circular and 1 linear plasmid| | | |
1st step of rolling circle replication and what is the end result? -
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1 strand of plasmid is nicked, other gets
| | | | | | | | |
unravelled
1 linear copy and 1 circular copy
| | | | | |
nick - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-one of sugar phosphate backbones is
| | | | | | | | |
broken in plasmid DNA | | |
recombination - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the exchange of genes b/w 2 | | | | | | | | |
DNA molecules, making a new combination of genes on each
| | | | | | | | |
, where does recombination happen - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-at regions
| | | | | | | |
of sequence identity
| |
sequence identity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-regions where nucleotide
| | | | | | |
sequences are identical | |
why is it important that recombination happens at regions of sequence
| | | | | | | | | | |
identity? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. there are diploid creatures since
| | | | | | | | |
crossover happens here | |
2. how diploid organisms get correct complement of chromosomes
| | | | | | | |
3. allows for genetic diversity
| | | |
horizontal gene transfer - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-movement of genes
| | | | | | | |
into pre-existing cells (cells of same generation)
| | | | | |
what are 3 mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-conjugation, transformation, transduction | |
conjugation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-transfer of a plamsid b/w cells
| | | | | | | | |
through a sex pilus | | |
