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Structure & Function of the Body 16th
Edition by Kevin T. Patton, PhD and
Gary A. Thibodeau, PhD Chapter 1-22
1. The study of the structure of body parts and their
relationships to one another is called:
A) Physiology
B) Histology
C) Anatomy
D) Cytology
Answer: C
Rationale: Anatomy is the study of structure; physiology is the study
of function. Histology examines tissues, and cytology examines
cells.
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2. Which level of organization is the most complex?
A) Cellular
B) Tissue
C) Organ
D) Organ system
Answer: D
Rationale: The body is organized from simplest to most complex:
chemical → cellular → tissue → organ → organ system →
organism.
3. The dorsal body cavity contains the:
A) Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
B) Cranial and vertebral cavities
C) Heart and lungs
D) Digestive organs
Answer: B
Rationale: The dorsal cavity includes the cranial cavity (brain) and
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vertebral (spinal) cavity. The ventral cavity contains thoracic and
abdominopelvic cavities.
4. Which term means “toward the midline of the body”?
A) Lateral
B) Medial
C) Proximal
D) Distal
Answer: B
Rationale: Medial refers to a position closer to the midline; lateral
is away from the midline. Proximal/distal are used for limbs.
5. The plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior
portions is the:
A) Sagittal plane
B) Frontal (coronal) plane
C) Transverse plane
D) Oblique plane
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Answer: B
Rationale: The frontal (coronal) plane separates front (anterior)
from back (posterior). Sagittal divides left/right; transverse divides
superior/inferior.
6. Scenario: A patient presents with right lower quadrant pain.
Which organ is most likely involved?
A) Stomach
B) Appendix
C) Liver
D) Spleen
Answer: B
Rationale: The appendix is located in the right lower quadrant
(RLQ). The stomach is LUQ, liver is RUQ, spleen is LUQ.
7. The serous membrane that covers the lungs is the:
A) Visceral pleura
B) Parietal pleura
Structure & Function of the Body 16th
Edition by Kevin T. Patton, PhD and
Gary A. Thibodeau, PhD Chapter 1-22
1. The study of the structure of body parts and their
relationships to one another is called:
A) Physiology
B) Histology
C) Anatomy
D) Cytology
Answer: C
Rationale: Anatomy is the study of structure; physiology is the study
of function. Histology examines tissues, and cytology examines
cells.
,Page 2 of 42
2. Which level of organization is the most complex?
A) Cellular
B) Tissue
C) Organ
D) Organ system
Answer: D
Rationale: The body is organized from simplest to most complex:
chemical → cellular → tissue → organ → organ system →
organism.
3. The dorsal body cavity contains the:
A) Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
B) Cranial and vertebral cavities
C) Heart and lungs
D) Digestive organs
Answer: B
Rationale: The dorsal cavity includes the cranial cavity (brain) and
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vertebral (spinal) cavity. The ventral cavity contains thoracic and
abdominopelvic cavities.
4. Which term means “toward the midline of the body”?
A) Lateral
B) Medial
C) Proximal
D) Distal
Answer: B
Rationale: Medial refers to a position closer to the midline; lateral
is away from the midline. Proximal/distal are used for limbs.
5. The plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior
portions is the:
A) Sagittal plane
B) Frontal (coronal) plane
C) Transverse plane
D) Oblique plane
, Page 4 of 42
Answer: B
Rationale: The frontal (coronal) plane separates front (anterior)
from back (posterior). Sagittal divides left/right; transverse divides
superior/inferior.
6. Scenario: A patient presents with right lower quadrant pain.
Which organ is most likely involved?
A) Stomach
B) Appendix
C) Liver
D) Spleen
Answer: B
Rationale: The appendix is located in the right lower quadrant
(RLQ). The stomach is LUQ, liver is RUQ, spleen is LUQ.
7. The serous membrane that covers the lungs is the:
A) Visceral pleura
B) Parietal pleura
