NURS 6501 FINAL EXAM ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY LEARNING WORKBOOK
2026 MULTISYSTEM DISORDERS AND CLINICAL
MANIFESTATIONS
◉ human papillomavirus.
Answer: The major virus involved in cervical cancer is
a. human papillomavirus
b. human cervical endogenous virus
c. herpes simplex virus
d. human immunodeficiency virus
◉ What term is used to describe the complication that can result
from a spinal cord injury above T6 that is producing paroxysmal
hypertension, as well as piloerection ans sweating above the spinal
cord lesion?
A) craniosacral dysreflexia
B) parasympathetic dysreflexia
C) autonomic hyperreflexia
D) retrograde hyperreflexia.
Answer: Ans: C- autonomic hyperreflexia
,◉ anti-oncogenes.
Answer: umor suppressor genes encode proteins that in their
normal state negatively regulate proliferation. They are also called
a. anti-oncogenes
b. proto-oncogenes
c. mutation of RAS gene
d. oncogenes
◉ Multiple sclerosis is best described as:
A) a CNS demyelination, possibly from an immunogenetic virus
B) inadequate supply of acetylcholine at the neurotransmitter
junction as a result of an autoimmune disorder
C) the depletion of dopamine in the CNS as a result of a virus
D) a degenerative disorder of lower and upper motor neurons
caused by viral-immune factors.
Answer: Ans: A- a CNS demyelination, possibly from an
immunogenetic virus
◉ deep venous thrombosis.
Answer: What is the usual source of this condition in the lung from
an obese smoker who had sudden death?
,a. valvular disease
b. left heart failure
c. endocartitis
d. deep venous thrombosis
◉ Graves disease develops from:
A) a viral infection of the thyroid gland that causes overproduction
of thyroid hormone
B) an autoimmune process during which lymphocytes and fibrous
tissue replace thyroid tissue
C) thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin, which causes
overproduction of thyroid hormones
D) ingestion of goitrogenes, which inhibits the synthesis of the
thyroid hormones, causing goiter.
Answer: Ans: D- ingestion of goitrogenes, which inhibits the
synthesis of the thyroid hormones, causing goiter
◉ a. diabetes mellitus
b. hypertension
c. obesity.
Answer: The risk of developing coronary artery disease is increased
in patients with: (Select 3)
, a. diabetes mellitus
b. hypertension
c. obesity
d. liver disease
e. congenital heart defects
f. high alcohol consumption
◉ Pathologic changes associated with Graves disease include:
A) high levels of circulating thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins
B) diminished levels of TRH
C) high levels of TSH
D) diminished levels of thyroid-binding globulin.
Answer: Ans: A- high levels of circulating thyroid-stimulating
immunoglobulins
◉ A patient diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has the
following laboratory values: arterial pH 7.20, serum glucose 500
mg/dl, positive urine glucose and ketones, serum postassium (K+) 2
mEq/L, and serum sodium (Na+) 130 mEq/L. The patient reports
that he has been sick with the "flu" for a week. What relationship do
these values have to his insulin deficiency?
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY LEARNING WORKBOOK
2026 MULTISYSTEM DISORDERS AND CLINICAL
MANIFESTATIONS
◉ human papillomavirus.
Answer: The major virus involved in cervical cancer is
a. human papillomavirus
b. human cervical endogenous virus
c. herpes simplex virus
d. human immunodeficiency virus
◉ What term is used to describe the complication that can result
from a spinal cord injury above T6 that is producing paroxysmal
hypertension, as well as piloerection ans sweating above the spinal
cord lesion?
A) craniosacral dysreflexia
B) parasympathetic dysreflexia
C) autonomic hyperreflexia
D) retrograde hyperreflexia.
Answer: Ans: C- autonomic hyperreflexia
,◉ anti-oncogenes.
Answer: umor suppressor genes encode proteins that in their
normal state negatively regulate proliferation. They are also called
a. anti-oncogenes
b. proto-oncogenes
c. mutation of RAS gene
d. oncogenes
◉ Multiple sclerosis is best described as:
A) a CNS demyelination, possibly from an immunogenetic virus
B) inadequate supply of acetylcholine at the neurotransmitter
junction as a result of an autoimmune disorder
C) the depletion of dopamine in the CNS as a result of a virus
D) a degenerative disorder of lower and upper motor neurons
caused by viral-immune factors.
Answer: Ans: A- a CNS demyelination, possibly from an
immunogenetic virus
◉ deep venous thrombosis.
Answer: What is the usual source of this condition in the lung from
an obese smoker who had sudden death?
,a. valvular disease
b. left heart failure
c. endocartitis
d. deep venous thrombosis
◉ Graves disease develops from:
A) a viral infection of the thyroid gland that causes overproduction
of thyroid hormone
B) an autoimmune process during which lymphocytes and fibrous
tissue replace thyroid tissue
C) thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin, which causes
overproduction of thyroid hormones
D) ingestion of goitrogenes, which inhibits the synthesis of the
thyroid hormones, causing goiter.
Answer: Ans: D- ingestion of goitrogenes, which inhibits the
synthesis of the thyroid hormones, causing goiter
◉ a. diabetes mellitus
b. hypertension
c. obesity.
Answer: The risk of developing coronary artery disease is increased
in patients with: (Select 3)
, a. diabetes mellitus
b. hypertension
c. obesity
d. liver disease
e. congenital heart defects
f. high alcohol consumption
◉ Pathologic changes associated with Graves disease include:
A) high levels of circulating thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins
B) diminished levels of TRH
C) high levels of TSH
D) diminished levels of thyroid-binding globulin.
Answer: Ans: A- high levels of circulating thyroid-stimulating
immunoglobulins
◉ A patient diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has the
following laboratory values: arterial pH 7.20, serum glucose 500
mg/dl, positive urine glucose and ketones, serum postassium (K+) 2
mEq/L, and serum sodium (Na+) 130 mEq/L. The patient reports
that he has been sick with the "flu" for a week. What relationship do
these values have to his insulin deficiency?
