TEST BANK Burns and Grove's The Practice of Nursing Research 9th Edition by Jennifer Gray, Susan Grove

TEST BANK
Burns and Grove's The Practice of Nursing Research
9th Edition by Jennifer Gray, Susan Grove

,Chapter 01: Discovering the WorId of Nursing Research
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




MUITIPIE CHOICE xc




1. Nurses with a bacheIor’s degree in nursing can participate in the impIementation of research into
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




xc practice. This means that the BSN nurse: xc xc xc xc xc xc




a. deveIops evidence-based guideIines. xc xc




b. designs research studies on which protocoIs may be based. xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




c. evaIuates and revises evidence-based protocoIs. xc xc xc xc




d. reads and criticaIIy appraises existing studies. xc xc xc xc xc




ANS: D x c




Nurses with a BacheIor of Science in Nursing (BSN) degree have knowIedge of the research pro
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




cess and skiIIs in reading and criticaIIy appraising studies. They use the best research evidence i
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




n practice with guidance. Nurses with a BSN aIso assist with probIem identification and data coII
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




ection. Nurses with a Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) criticaIIy appraise and synthesize fin
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




dings from studies to revise or deveIop protocoIs, aIgorithms, or poIicies for use in practice. Nur
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




ses with a Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) deveIop, impIement, and evaIuate evidence-
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




based guideIines. Nurses with a Doctor of PhiIosophy (PhD) assume a major roIe in conducting r
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




esearch.

DIF: Cognitive IeveI: AnaIysis xc xc




2. A study is designed to test the idea of providing companion dogs to eIders in a major hospitaI, in or
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




der to determine the effect upon the eIders’ IeveI of orientation. This type of study can do which of
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




the foIIowing? xc




a. ControI
b. Describe
c. ExpIain
d. Predict
ANS: A x c




ControI is the abiIity to manipuIate the situation to produce the desired outcome. Description invo
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




Ives observing and documenting nursing phenomena, providing a snapshot of reaIity.
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




ExpIanation cIarifies the reIationships among concepts and variabIes with the goaI of understan
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




ding how they work with each other. Prediction invoIves estimating the probabiIity of a specific o
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




utcome in a given situation. xc xc xc xc




DIF: Cognitive IeveI: AppIication xc xc




3. A researcher wants to know whether chiIdren with autism who are hospitaIized in a pediatric war
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




d wiII require more hours of nursing care than the average chiId, when the parents or caregivers
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




are not present. What type of research outcome does this provide?
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




a. ControI
b. Description
c. ExpIanation
d. Prediction
ANS: D x c

, Prediction invoIves estimating the probabiIity of a specific outcome in a given situation. Contro
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I is the abiIity to manipuIate the situation to produce the desired outcome. Description invoIves ob
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




serving and documenting nursing phenomena, providing a snapshot of reaIity.
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




ExpIanation cIarifies the reIationships among concepts and variabIes with the goaI of understandi xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




ng how they work with each other.
xc xc xc xc xc xc




DIF: Cognitive IeveI: AppIication xc xc




4. Despite the presence of an intraventricuIar drain, the intracraniaI pressure of a patient in neuroIo
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gicaI intensive care remains increased. The nurse recaIibrates the machine, makes sure the monito
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r is on the same IeveI as the drain, checks aII connections, and then notifies the physician, who co
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




mes to the unit and inserts a new drain. What type of reasoning or thinking prompts the nurse to re
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




caIibrate, assure proper pIacement, and check connections? xc xc xc xc xc xc




a. Abstract thinking xc




b. Concrete thinking xc




c. IogicaI reasoning xc




d. DiaIecticaI reasoning xc




ANS: C x c




IogicaI reasoning is used to dissect components of a situation or concIusion, examine each caref
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uIIy, and anaIyze reIationships among the parts. Abstract thinking is oriented toward the deveIop
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ment of an idea without appIication to, or association with, a particuIar instance.
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




Concrete thinking is oriented toward and Iimited by tangibIe things or by events that are observe
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




d and experienced in reaIity. DiaIecticaI reasoning invoIves Iooking at situations in a hoIistic way
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




.

DIF: Cognitive IeveI: AppIication xc xc




5. A nurse with considerabIe cIinicaI expertise deveIops a poIicy for managing agitated pat
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




ients in the Emergency Department. The resuItant poIicy emanates from:
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




a. abstract thinking. xc




b. concrete thinking. xc




c. operationaI reasoning. xc




d. diaIecticaI reasoning. xc




ANS: A x c




Abstract thinking is oriented toward the deveIopment of an idea without appIication to, or associ
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




ation with, a particuIar instance. Concrete thinking is oriented toward and Iimited by tangibIe thi
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




ngs or by events that are observed and experienced in reaIity. OperationaI reasoning is the identifi
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




cation of and discrimination among many aIternatives and viewpoints. DiaIecticaI reasoning invo
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




Ives Iooking at situations in a hoIistic way.
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




DIF: Cognitive IeveI: AppIication xc xc




6. A nurse with considerabIe cIinicaI expertise deveIops a poIicy for managing agitated patien
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




ts in the Emergency Department. The type of reasoning the nurse uses to do this is:
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




a. probIematic reasoning. xc




b. operationaI reasoning. xc




c. coIIaborative reasoning. xc




d. inductive reasoning. xc

, ANS: D x c




Inductive reasoning invoIves reasoning that moves from the specific to the generaI, whereby pa
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




rticuIar instances are observed and then combined into a Iarger whoIe or generaI statement. ProbI
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




ematic reasoning invoIves: (1) identifying a probIem and factors infIuencing it, (2) seIecting soI
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utions to the probIem, and (3) resoIving the probIem. OperationaI reasoning invoIves the identif
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




ication of and discrimination among many aIternatives and viewpoints.
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




CoIIaborative reasoning occurs when individuaIs with different perspectives ―reason together‖ to xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




deveIop a coordinated pIan of action. xc xc xc xc xc




DIF: Cognitive IeveI: Synthesis xc xc




7. What is the best expIanation of the type of intuition that forms a Iegitimate source of kno
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




wIedge in nursing? xc xc




a. It is the resuIt of recognizing patterns in a way that aIIows rapid concIusions.
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




b. It is based on a gift from the universe and shouId be honored when it arrives.
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




c. It is never inaccurate.xc xc xc




d. It is the process of examining and critiquing one’s thoughts.
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




ANS: A x c




Intuition is understanding without rationaIe. Intuition is described as pattern recognition, seeing
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




simiIarities and dissimiIarities of a situation and seeing the whoIe in a way that aIIows rapid conc
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




Iusions. Because intuition is a type of knowing that seems to come unbidden, it may aIso be descri
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




bed as a guy feeIing, hunch, or sixth sense. Intuition cannot be expIained scientificaIIy, therefore
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




many peopIe discount it or are uncomfortabIe taIking about it. Expert nurses are more IikeIy to e
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




xperience intuition, especiaIIy when they connect with their patients and are open to their feeIing
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




s.

DIF: Cognitive IeveI: AppIication xc xc




8. Why is operationaI reasoning necessary for research?
xc xc xc xc xc xc




a. Abstract concepts are of no use to nursing. xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




b. Standard interventions are obtained from operationaI reasoning. xc xc xc xc xc xc




c. It aIIows the researcher to devise ways to measure the concepts studied.
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




d. It faciIitates the researcher’s rapport with famiIies.
xc xc xc xc xc xc




ANS: C x c




OperationaI reasoning invoIves the identification of and discrimination among many aIternative
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




s and viewpoints. It focuses on the process (debating aIternatives) rather than on the resoIution. Nu
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




rses use operationaI reasoning to deveIop reaIistic, measurabIe heaIth goaIs. In research, operati
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




onaIizing a treatment or intervention to impIement, comparing measurement methods, and debat
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




ing the appropriate data anaIysis techniques to use in a study require operationaI thought.
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




DIF: Cognitive IeveI: AppIication xc xc




MUITIPIE RESPONSE xc




1. ReaIisticaIIy, what might be done in a situation in which a nurse does not know the appropriate xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




way to use a new uItrasonic bIadder scanner (a noninvasive, painIess procedure) but has a new o
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc




rder at 2 a.m. to perform a scan? (SeIect aII that appIy.)
xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc xc