COMPREHENSIVE EXAM GUIDE FOR NUR 105 INTRODUCTION
TO PROFESSIONAL NURSING Q&A
1. Which statement best describes the primary distinction between a
profession and an occupation?
A. An occupation requires less formal education than a profession
B. A profession has a specialized body of knowledge and
autonomous practice
C. An occupation always pays less than a profession
D. A profession does not require certification or licensure
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A profession is characterized by a specialized body of
knowledge, advanced education, autonomous practice, and a code
of ethics. Options A and C are not definitive distinctions, and D is
incorrect as professions typically require certification/licensure
2. Florence Nightingale's most significant contribution to modern
nursing was:
A. Establishing the first nursing school in the United States
B. Using statistical data to demonstrate the relationship between
sanitation and mortality rates
C. Developing the first nursing theory of care
D. Founding the American Nurses Association
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Nightingale used mortality data from the Crimean
War to show that improved sanitation drastically reduced death
rates, establishing nursing as evidence-based practice
,3. Which advanced practice nursing role focuses on overseeing and
managing care delivery in specific clinical settings?
A. Certified Nurse Practitioner (CNP)
B. Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS)
C. Clinical Nurse Leader (CNL)
D. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA)
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The CNL is responsible for overseeing and managing
care delivery at the point of care in specific settings. CNSs focus on
specialized practice areas, CNPs provide direct patient care with
prescriptive authority
4. The nursing process follows which sequential order?
A. Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
B. Diagnosis, Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
C. Assessment, Planning, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation
D. Planning, Assessment, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The nursing process is a systematic problem-solving
method: Assessment (collect data), Diagnosis (identify problems),
Planning (set goals), Implementation (carry out interventions), and
Evaluation (assess outcomes)
5. Which ethical principle refers to the duty to do good and promote
the well-being of patients?
A. Nonmaleficence
B. Autonomy
, C. Beneficence
D. Justice
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Beneficence is the obligation to act in the patient's
best interest and promote good. Nonmaleficence is "do no harm,"
autonomy is self-determination, and justice is fair treatment
6. What is the primary work site for the majority of employed RNs in
the United States?
A. Ambulatory care settings
B. Community health settings
C. Long-term care facilities
D. Acute care hospitals
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Despite diverse work settings available, data
indicates acute care hospitals remain the primary work site for
most employed RNs
7. Which statement best describes evidence-based practice (EBP) in
nursing?
A. Using only the latest research findings for patient care
B. Integrating best research evidence with clinical expertise and
patient preferences
C. Following hospital protocols without question
D. Relying solely on traditional nursing practices
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: EBP integrates three components: best available
, research evidence, clinician's expertise, and patient
values/preferences for optimal decision-making
8. The Nurse Practice Act in each state primarily serves to:
A. Set nursing school curriculum requirements
B. Protect the public by regulating nursing practice
C. Determine nursing salaries
D. Establish hospital staffing ratios
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Nurse Practice Acts are state laws that protect public
safety by defining the scope of nursing practice, licensing
requirements, and disciplinary procedures
9. Which nursing theorist developed the Theory of Basic Human
Needs?
A. Dorothea Orem
B. Virginia Henderson
C. Jean Watson
D. Martha Rogers
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Virginia Henderson defined nursing as assisting
individuals with 14 basic human needs they would perform
themselves if able. Orem developed Self-Care Deficit Theory,
Watson developed Theory of Human Caring
TO PROFESSIONAL NURSING Q&A
1. Which statement best describes the primary distinction between a
profession and an occupation?
A. An occupation requires less formal education than a profession
B. A profession has a specialized body of knowledge and
autonomous practice
C. An occupation always pays less than a profession
D. A profession does not require certification or licensure
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A profession is characterized by a specialized body of
knowledge, advanced education, autonomous practice, and a code
of ethics. Options A and C are not definitive distinctions, and D is
incorrect as professions typically require certification/licensure
2. Florence Nightingale's most significant contribution to modern
nursing was:
A. Establishing the first nursing school in the United States
B. Using statistical data to demonstrate the relationship between
sanitation and mortality rates
C. Developing the first nursing theory of care
D. Founding the American Nurses Association
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Nightingale used mortality data from the Crimean
War to show that improved sanitation drastically reduced death
rates, establishing nursing as evidence-based practice
,3. Which advanced practice nursing role focuses on overseeing and
managing care delivery in specific clinical settings?
A. Certified Nurse Practitioner (CNP)
B. Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS)
C. Clinical Nurse Leader (CNL)
D. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA)
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The CNL is responsible for overseeing and managing
care delivery at the point of care in specific settings. CNSs focus on
specialized practice areas, CNPs provide direct patient care with
prescriptive authority
4. The nursing process follows which sequential order?
A. Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
B. Diagnosis, Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
C. Assessment, Planning, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation
D. Planning, Assessment, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The nursing process is a systematic problem-solving
method: Assessment (collect data), Diagnosis (identify problems),
Planning (set goals), Implementation (carry out interventions), and
Evaluation (assess outcomes)
5. Which ethical principle refers to the duty to do good and promote
the well-being of patients?
A. Nonmaleficence
B. Autonomy
, C. Beneficence
D. Justice
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Beneficence is the obligation to act in the patient's
best interest and promote good. Nonmaleficence is "do no harm,"
autonomy is self-determination, and justice is fair treatment
6. What is the primary work site for the majority of employed RNs in
the United States?
A. Ambulatory care settings
B. Community health settings
C. Long-term care facilities
D. Acute care hospitals
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Despite diverse work settings available, data
indicates acute care hospitals remain the primary work site for
most employed RNs
7. Which statement best describes evidence-based practice (EBP) in
nursing?
A. Using only the latest research findings for patient care
B. Integrating best research evidence with clinical expertise and
patient preferences
C. Following hospital protocols without question
D. Relying solely on traditional nursing practices
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: EBP integrates three components: best available
, research evidence, clinician's expertise, and patient
values/preferences for optimal decision-making
8. The Nurse Practice Act in each state primarily serves to:
A. Set nursing school curriculum requirements
B. Protect the public by regulating nursing practice
C. Determine nursing salaries
D. Establish hospital staffing ratios
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Nurse Practice Acts are state laws that protect public
safety by defining the scope of nursing practice, licensing
requirements, and disciplinary procedures
9. Which nursing theorist developed the Theory of Basic Human
Needs?
A. Dorothea Orem
B. Virginia Henderson
C. Jean Watson
D. Martha Rogers
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Virginia Henderson defined nursing as assisting
individuals with 14 basic human needs they would perform
themselves if able. Orem developed Self-Care Deficit Theory,
Watson developed Theory of Human Caring
