NURS 3812 Gas Exchange Questions With Complete Solutions

NURS 3812 Gas Exchange Questions With Complete
Solutions

3 types of breath sounds Correct Answers - bronchial
- bronchovesicular
- vesicular

abnormal breath sounds Correct Answers - stridor
- wheezing
- rhonchi
- crackles (rales)
- pleaural rub
- crepitus
- grunting

abnormal lung sounds Correct Answers - crackles (fluid in
avleoli)
- wheezing (constricted airways)
- rhonchi (obstruction eg. mucous)
- stridor (obstruction of upper airway)

abnormal pulmonary assessment Correct Answers - irregular,
labored, noisy, accessory muscles, restlessness, confusion
- cyanosis
- clubbing of nails
- barrel chest
- posture (tripod)
- cap refill >3 seconds
- RR < 12 or >20
- O2 <90

, abnormal pulmonary assessment for pediatrics Correct Answers
- rapid breathing (RR varies based on age)
- labored, noisy, accessory muscles
- retractions
- grunting
- nasal flaring
- restlessness, confusion
- diaphoresis
- clubbing of nails
- barrel chest
- posture (tripod)
- cap refill >3 seconds
- O2 >92
- increased heart rate
late signs: cyanosis, apnea >15 seconds, slow breathing, central
cyanosis, decreased responsiveness, bradycardia
- loss of consciousness, coma

breath sounds should be Correct Answers bilateral

bronchial breath sounds Correct Answers - large airways
- loud, high-pitched
- expiration > inspiration

bronchovesicular breath sounds Correct Answers - mid airways
- moderate pitch & intensity
- expiration = inspiration

causes of hypoxia Correct Answers - low RBSs/hgb
- decreased diffusion (COPD, pneumonia)
- poor tissue perfusion (low BP, MI, smoking)
- decreased ventilation (low RR)