VBS 2032 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
9 themes of VBS 2032 Correct Answers -microbes are
ubiquitous
-microbes are diverse
-microbes are essential for life
-most microbes live in biofilm communities, not isolation
-microbes can interact with human hosts in beneficial, neutral,
or detrimental ways (most not harmful)
-Likelihood of developing an infection depends on microbe
number, microbe virulence, host immunity
-chain of infection can be broken
-microbes are capable of rapid change
-we are host to more microbial genes than human genes
"An Irresistible Newcomer" Correct Answers paper describes
novel way to grow previously unculturable bacteria, by placing
them in a mesh and incubating them in a sterile soil environment
with their usual nutrients, then overlaying Staphylococcus and
seeing which killed it, discovered new antibiotic in the process
Novel way to meet bacterial demands for growth in culture!
3 ways our relationship with wildlife affects emergence of new
infectious diseases Correct Answers -habitat destruction forces
new animals into proximity with humans
-loss of biodiversity leads to more hosts for pathogens that
reside in remaining animals
-wildlife trade puts different animals in contact that wouldn't be
before, gives pathogens chance to hop and evolve between
animals
,Acellular infectious particles Correct Answers Viruses, viroids
(infectious piece of RNA), prions (infectious protein)
Acid-fast bacteria Correct Answers Mycobacteria
(tuberculosis!)
Waxy coating means that they dry out slower and can survive
harsh conditions longer
Why need to burn tuberculosis sheets
Acidophile Correct Answers an organism that grows best at
low pH; typically below pH 6
Acute viral infection Correct Answers an infection that quickly
resolves with no latent infection
Influenza
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Correct Answers Energy
currency of cells. Has two high-energy bonds between 3
phosphates, forming them consumes energy and stores it,
breaking them releases energy
Aerobic conditions cellular respiration 1 glucose yields Correct
Answers 38 ATP
2 ATP glycolysis
2 ATP TCA cycle
34 ATP from NADH and FAD+
aerotolerant anaerobe Correct Answers do not utilize oxygen
but can survive and grow in its presence
Algae Correct Answers a very simple plant without stems or
leaves that grows in or near water
, photosynthizes using chloroplasts (autotrophic)
Provides O2
amphitrichous Correct Answers flagella at both poles of the
cell
Anabolism Correct Answers Metabolic pathways that construct
molecules, consuming energy
they ADD molecules together, AND-abolism
Anaerobic cellular respiration Correct Answers same as
aerobic cellular respiration, except final e- acceptor is nitrogen-
based. still generates proton motive force
E.coli converts nitrate to nitrite
Antiseptic Correct Answers substance used on living tissues to
eliminate pathogens
Autotroph Correct Answers An organism that makes its own
food
bacillus Correct Answers Rod shaped bacteria
Bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes differences Correct
Answers -subunits and ribosomes are differently sized
-Eukaryotic ribosome generally bigger
Bacterial and eukaryotic ribsomes similarity Correct Answers -
made of rRNA and proteins
-rRNA and proteins form subunits of different sizes that work
together
-make proteins
9 themes of VBS 2032 Correct Answers -microbes are
ubiquitous
-microbes are diverse
-microbes are essential for life
-most microbes live in biofilm communities, not isolation
-microbes can interact with human hosts in beneficial, neutral,
or detrimental ways (most not harmful)
-Likelihood of developing an infection depends on microbe
number, microbe virulence, host immunity
-chain of infection can be broken
-microbes are capable of rapid change
-we are host to more microbial genes than human genes
"An Irresistible Newcomer" Correct Answers paper describes
novel way to grow previously unculturable bacteria, by placing
them in a mesh and incubating them in a sterile soil environment
with their usual nutrients, then overlaying Staphylococcus and
seeing which killed it, discovered new antibiotic in the process
Novel way to meet bacterial demands for growth in culture!
3 ways our relationship with wildlife affects emergence of new
infectious diseases Correct Answers -habitat destruction forces
new animals into proximity with humans
-loss of biodiversity leads to more hosts for pathogens that
reside in remaining animals
-wildlife trade puts different animals in contact that wouldn't be
before, gives pathogens chance to hop and evolve between
animals
,Acellular infectious particles Correct Answers Viruses, viroids
(infectious piece of RNA), prions (infectious protein)
Acid-fast bacteria Correct Answers Mycobacteria
(tuberculosis!)
Waxy coating means that they dry out slower and can survive
harsh conditions longer
Why need to burn tuberculosis sheets
Acidophile Correct Answers an organism that grows best at
low pH; typically below pH 6
Acute viral infection Correct Answers an infection that quickly
resolves with no latent infection
Influenza
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Correct Answers Energy
currency of cells. Has two high-energy bonds between 3
phosphates, forming them consumes energy and stores it,
breaking them releases energy
Aerobic conditions cellular respiration 1 glucose yields Correct
Answers 38 ATP
2 ATP glycolysis
2 ATP TCA cycle
34 ATP from NADH and FAD+
aerotolerant anaerobe Correct Answers do not utilize oxygen
but can survive and grow in its presence
Algae Correct Answers a very simple plant without stems or
leaves that grows in or near water
, photosynthizes using chloroplasts (autotrophic)
Provides O2
amphitrichous Correct Answers flagella at both poles of the
cell
Anabolism Correct Answers Metabolic pathways that construct
molecules, consuming energy
they ADD molecules together, AND-abolism
Anaerobic cellular respiration Correct Answers same as
aerobic cellular respiration, except final e- acceptor is nitrogen-
based. still generates proton motive force
E.coli converts nitrate to nitrite
Antiseptic Correct Answers substance used on living tissues to
eliminate pathogens
Autotroph Correct Answers An organism that makes its own
food
bacillus Correct Answers Rod shaped bacteria
Bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes differences Correct
Answers -subunits and ribosomes are differently sized
-Eukaryotic ribosome generally bigger
Bacterial and eukaryotic ribsomes similarity Correct Answers -
made of rRNA and proteins
-rRNA and proteins form subunits of different sizes that work
together
-make proteins
