Pathophysiology Final (HESI)
nutrition
when maintained well, maintains skin and mucous membranes and is also essential in reducing host
susceptibility
malnourished
pts with advanced cancer are often ____
total parenteral nutrition
involves the administration of a nutrient mixture directly into a peripheral vein
diverticulosis
asymptomatic disease with mild discomfort, diarrhea, or constipation and flatulence which can be
excused for other reasons
diverticulosis
,during acute episodes, food intake should be reduced along with antimicrobial drugs taken as needed;
treated by increasing the bulk in the diet, omitting foods such as seeds or popcorn, and encouraging
regular bowel movements without constipation
endocrine glands
includes the pituitary gland, the two adrenal glands, the thyroid gland, the four parathyroid glands, the
endocrine portion of the pancreas, the gonads, the pineal gland, and the thymus
endocrine glands
secrete hormones directly into the blood, in contrast to exocrine glands that secrete into a duct
hormones
chemical messengers that affect blood glucose levels, including insulin, glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol,
and growth hormone
HHNC
develops more frequently in patients with Type 2 diabetes; often the patient is an older person with an
infection or one who has overindulged in carbs, thereby using more insulin than anticipated
HHNC
,condition may be difficult to diagnose initially; severe cellular dehydration results in neurologic deficits,
muscle weakness, difficulties with speech, and abnormal reflexes
HHNC
hyperglycemia and dehydration develop because of the relative insulin deficit, but sufficient insulin is
available to prevent ketoacidosis
maintain a patent airway!
#1 nursing intervention with a patient who has HHNC is:
bone mass
low __ ___ is a risk factor for osteoporosis
women
have higher risk for osteoporosis
children and elderly
2 most critical stages of life in which osteoporosis can develop
, postmenopausal, estrogen
osteoporosis is common in older individuals, especially ____ women with ___ deficiency
osteoblastic activity
activity is less effective with advancing age
mobility, hormonal, calcium, D, protein
decreased ____, ____ factors, ___ deficits, low vitamin ___, or low ___ are all factors of osteoporosis
caffeine
excessive ___ intake is a contributor to osteoporosis
hCG
positive results of a pregnancy test are based on the presence of this
the first day following a missed period
nutrition
when maintained well, maintains skin and mucous membranes and is also essential in reducing host
susceptibility
malnourished
pts with advanced cancer are often ____
total parenteral nutrition
involves the administration of a nutrient mixture directly into a peripheral vein
diverticulosis
asymptomatic disease with mild discomfort, diarrhea, or constipation and flatulence which can be
excused for other reasons
diverticulosis
,during acute episodes, food intake should be reduced along with antimicrobial drugs taken as needed;
treated by increasing the bulk in the diet, omitting foods such as seeds or popcorn, and encouraging
regular bowel movements without constipation
endocrine glands
includes the pituitary gland, the two adrenal glands, the thyroid gland, the four parathyroid glands, the
endocrine portion of the pancreas, the gonads, the pineal gland, and the thymus
endocrine glands
secrete hormones directly into the blood, in contrast to exocrine glands that secrete into a duct
hormones
chemical messengers that affect blood glucose levels, including insulin, glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol,
and growth hormone
HHNC
develops more frequently in patients with Type 2 diabetes; often the patient is an older person with an
infection or one who has overindulged in carbs, thereby using more insulin than anticipated
HHNC
,condition may be difficult to diagnose initially; severe cellular dehydration results in neurologic deficits,
muscle weakness, difficulties with speech, and abnormal reflexes
HHNC
hyperglycemia and dehydration develop because of the relative insulin deficit, but sufficient insulin is
available to prevent ketoacidosis
maintain a patent airway!
#1 nursing intervention with a patient who has HHNC is:
bone mass
low __ ___ is a risk factor for osteoporosis
women
have higher risk for osteoporosis
children and elderly
2 most critical stages of life in which osteoporosis can develop
, postmenopausal, estrogen
osteoporosis is common in older individuals, especially ____ women with ___ deficiency
osteoblastic activity
activity is less effective with advancing age
mobility, hormonal, calcium, D, protein
decreased ____, ____ factors, ___ deficits, low vitamin ___, or low ___ are all factors of osteoporosis
caffeine
excessive ___ intake is a contributor to osteoporosis
hCG
positive results of a pregnancy test are based on the presence of this
the first day following a missed period
