RC Health Services EMT-B Final Exam
Review Questions and Answers
1.Level of Government responsible for EMS regulation regarding
EMT require- ments and violations.
ANS Licensure of EMTs is a state function subject to the laws and
regulations of the state in which the EMT practices. At the federal level,
the NHTSA brings in experts to create the National EMS Scope of
Practice Model.
2.Understand NREMT and how it is involved in the level of
training.
ANS The National Registry of EMTs.
3.Understand the different types of medical control and
how/when to use it.
ANS An EMT is trained in basic life support and emergency services.
4.Understand the different roles and responsibilities of the
EMT and how it compares to the role of others in EMS.
ANS
5.Understand HIPAA and how it can affect your role in EMS.
ANS The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act ensures
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,patient privacy. Do not discuss findings about the patient with anyone
except medical personal treating the patient, law enforcement, or social
agencies that may require the information by law. Avoid giving any
information that may reveal the identity of the patient.
6.Understand the importance of personal safety and what it
means during a call.
ANS Nutrition, stress, sleep, family, and other factors influence the
quality of care the EMS provider gives to the patient.
7.Understand the importance of scene safety.
ANS Hazards on the scene could harm the EMS provider and prevent
him or her from providing quality care
8.Understand Standard Precautions and know the different
types of personal protective equipment.
ANS The Center for Disease Control created a set of standard
precautions to protect health care workers from objects, blood, body
fluids, and other potential sources of germs.
9.Understand physiologic, physical and psychological responses
to stress.-
ANS Physiologic responses to stress involve interactions between the
endocrine and nervous systems, resulting in chemical and physical
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,responses. The fight-or-flight response includes changes to the dilation
of blood vessels, respiration rate, and blood flow to certain areas of the
body. There are acute, delayed, and cumulative stress reactions.
10.Understand the various levels of stress and how to minimize
the chances of PTSD, including CISD/CISM.
ANS Posttraumatic stress disorder occurs after a per- son has
experienced a psychologically distressing event, and usually manifests
in the form of depression, startle reactions, flashback phenomena, and
dissociative episodes. Critical incident stress management was created
to decrease the likeli- hood of PTSD. It can take the form of a formal
debriefing (CISD) or of an onsite assessment for symptoms of PTSD.
11.Know the different components of the grieving process.
ANS Denial, Anger/Hos- tility, Bargaining, Depression, and Acceptance.
These stages can happen at varying times in different orders
12.Understand the difference between expressed consent,
implied consent and involuntary consent.
ANS Expressed consent is when the patient verbally or otherwise
acknowledges that he or she wants you to provide care. Implied
consent applies when the patient is unconscious or otherwise incapable
of making a rational, informed decision about care. The law assumes
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, that the patient would give consent if able to. Involuntary consent
applies to patients who are incapable of making rational decisions about
care due to injury or mental illness. This type of consent usually comes
from the legal guardian of the person.
13.Differentiate; advanced directives versus do not resuscitate
(DNR) orders and understand what happens in the place of no
DNR present at the scene.
ANS An advanced directive is a written document that specifies medical
treatment for a competent patient, should he or she be unable to make
rational decisions. They can be orders for both providing and
withholding care. A DNR orders medical providers to withhold CPR and
ALS, but does not prevent them from providing BLS. Without a DNR
healthcare providers will begin to attempt resuscitation should the
patient's heart stop.
14.Understand the difference between a living will and a health
care directive-
ANS Living wills and other advance directives are written, legal
instructions regarding your preferences for medical care if you are
unable to make decisions for yourself. Advance directives guide
choices for doctors and caregivers if you're terminally ill, seriously
injured, in a coma, in the late stages of dementia or near the end of
life.
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151
Review Questions and Answers
1.Level of Government responsible for EMS regulation regarding
EMT require- ments and violations.
ANS Licensure of EMTs is a state function subject to the laws and
regulations of the state in which the EMT practices. At the federal level,
the NHTSA brings in experts to create the National EMS Scope of
Practice Model.
2.Understand NREMT and how it is involved in the level of
training.
ANS The National Registry of EMTs.
3.Understand the different types of medical control and
how/when to use it.
ANS An EMT is trained in basic life support and emergency services.
4.Understand the different roles and responsibilities of the
EMT and how it compares to the role of others in EMS.
ANS
5.Understand HIPAA and how it can affect your role in EMS.
ANS The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act ensures
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151
,patient privacy. Do not discuss findings about the patient with anyone
except medical personal treating the patient, law enforcement, or social
agencies that may require the information by law. Avoid giving any
information that may reveal the identity of the patient.
6.Understand the importance of personal safety and what it
means during a call.
ANS Nutrition, stress, sleep, family, and other factors influence the
quality of care the EMS provider gives to the patient.
7.Understand the importance of scene safety.
ANS Hazards on the scene could harm the EMS provider and prevent
him or her from providing quality care
8.Understand Standard Precautions and know the different
types of personal protective equipment.
ANS The Center for Disease Control created a set of standard
precautions to protect health care workers from objects, blood, body
fluids, and other potential sources of germs.
9.Understand physiologic, physical and psychological responses
to stress.-
ANS Physiologic responses to stress involve interactions between the
endocrine and nervous systems, resulting in chemical and physical
2/
151
,responses. The fight-or-flight response includes changes to the dilation
of blood vessels, respiration rate, and blood flow to certain areas of the
body. There are acute, delayed, and cumulative stress reactions.
10.Understand the various levels of stress and how to minimize
the chances of PTSD, including CISD/CISM.
ANS Posttraumatic stress disorder occurs after a per- son has
experienced a psychologically distressing event, and usually manifests
in the form of depression, startle reactions, flashback phenomena, and
dissociative episodes. Critical incident stress management was created
to decrease the likeli- hood of PTSD. It can take the form of a formal
debriefing (CISD) or of an onsite assessment for symptoms of PTSD.
11.Know the different components of the grieving process.
ANS Denial, Anger/Hos- tility, Bargaining, Depression, and Acceptance.
These stages can happen at varying times in different orders
12.Understand the difference between expressed consent,
implied consent and involuntary consent.
ANS Expressed consent is when the patient verbally or otherwise
acknowledges that he or she wants you to provide care. Implied
consent applies when the patient is unconscious or otherwise incapable
of making a rational, informed decision about care. The law assumes
3/
151
, that the patient would give consent if able to. Involuntary consent
applies to patients who are incapable of making rational decisions about
care due to injury or mental illness. This type of consent usually comes
from the legal guardian of the person.
13.Differentiate; advanced directives versus do not resuscitate
(DNR) orders and understand what happens in the place of no
DNR present at the scene.
ANS An advanced directive is a written document that specifies medical
treatment for a competent patient, should he or she be unable to make
rational decisions. They can be orders for both providing and
withholding care. A DNR orders medical providers to withhold CPR and
ALS, but does not prevent them from providing BLS. Without a DNR
healthcare providers will begin to attempt resuscitation should the
patient's heart stop.
14.Understand the difference between a living will and a health
care directive-
ANS Living wills and other advance directives are written, legal
instructions regarding your preferences for medical care if you are
unable to make decisions for yourself. Advance directives guide
choices for doctors and caregivers if you're terminally ill, seriously
injured, in a coma, in the late stages of dementia or near the end of
life.
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151
