Genetics Essentials: Concepts and Connections (5th Edition, Pierce, 2022) – Complete Test Bank for Chapters 1–18

TESTBANK
Genetics Essentials: Concepts and Connections 5th Edition by
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Benjamin A. Pierce
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,TABLE OF CONTENT m m




Chapter m 01: Introduction to Genetics ................................................................................................................... 3
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Chapter m 02: Chromosomes and Cellular Reproduction ..................................................................................... 15
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Chapter m 03: Basic Principles of Heredity .......................................................................................................... 32
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Chapter m 04: Extensions and Modifications of Basic Principles ...................................................................... 59
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Chapter m 05: Linkage, Recombination, and Eukaryotic Gene Mapping ........................................................... 98
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Chapter m 06: Chromosome Variation.................................................................................................................. 115
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Chapter m 07: Bacterial and Viral Genetic Systems .......................................................................................... 139
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Chapter m 08 DNA: The Chemical Nature of the Gene ................................................................................... 152
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Chapter m 09: m DNA Replication and Recombination ......................................................................................... 181
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Chapter m 10: m From DNA to Proteins: Transcription and RNA Processing ................................................... 198
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Chapter m 11: m From DNA to Proteins: Translation............................................................................................ 224
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Chapter m 12: m Control of Gene Expression......................................................................................................... 244
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Chapter m 13: m Gene Mutations, Transposable Elements, and DNA Repair .................................................... 278
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Chapter m 14: m Molecular Genetic Analysis and Biotechnology ......................................................................... 298
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Chapter m 15: m Genomics and Proteomics ............................................................................................................ 314
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Chapter m 16: m Cancer Genetics ............................................................................................................................. 332
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Chapter 17: Quantitative Genetics .................................................................................................................... 346
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Chapter 18: Population and Evolutionary Genetics ........................................................................................ 366
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,Chapter 01: Introduction to Genetics
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1. Albinism is rare in most human populations, occurring at a frequency of about 1 in 20,000
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m people. However, the trait occurs at a frequency of 1 in 200 in certain Hopi villages of Black
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mMesa in Arizona. Explain in terms of natural selection why albinism is so rare in most human
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m populations.
ANSWER: In most populations, there is fairly strong selection against albinism because albinos
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don‘t produce melanin, causing their skin cells not to be protected from the damaging
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effects of sunlight. Also, the lack of melanin in their eyes causes them to have poor
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eyesight. Finally, in most cultures albinos are seen as abnormal, and they are not
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normally sought out for marriage and mating. Therefore, in most populations the alleles
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that cause albinism are selected against, and they decrease in frequency or are kept at a low
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level, causing the recessive trait to be rare.
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2. Albinism is rare in most human populations, occurring at a frequency of about 1 in 20,000
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m people. However, the trait occurs at a frequency of 1 in 200 in certain Hopi villages of Black
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mMesa in Arizona. Explain in terms of natural selection why the trait is so much more common
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mamong the Hopis of Black Mesa.
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ANSWER: Albinos occupy a privileged position among the Hopis of Black Mesa. In this culture,
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albinos are viewed as especially pretty, clean, and intelligent, and they often occupy
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positions of leadership. Albinos are celebrated in the villages as a sign of purity of
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Hopi blood in the community.
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Furthermore, albinos are often excused from normal male field labor because of their m m m m m m m m m m m m



sensitivity to sunlight, causing them to be left behind in the village with the women
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during the daytime. This allows them extra mating opportunities compared to the other
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men of the village.
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Therefore, the alleles that cause albinism are either selected for in this culture or at least not
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selected against as strongly as in other cultures, allowing the trait to occur at a much higher
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frequency. m




3. Which one of the following pairings between the subdiscipline of genetics and the
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m phenomenon is INCORRECT? m m




a. evolution—population genetics m




b. gene regulation—molecular genetics
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c. allelic frequency alteration—population genetics
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d. arrangement of genes on chromosome—transmission genetics m m m m m




e. chemical nature of the gene—transmission genetics
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ANSWER: e m




4. Which one of the following topics of research belongs to the discipline of transmission genetics?
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a. inheritance pattern of gene alleles m m m m




b. mechanism of DNA replication m m m




c. gene expression patterns
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d. evolution
e. chemical modification of nucleic acids m m m m




ANSWER: a m




5. The complete genetic makeup of an organism is referred to as its
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, a. chromosome.
b. alleles.