WGU D444 Adult Health 1 Essential Review 2026 |
Key Topics & Exam Preparation Guide
1. If a patient with Crohn's disease is experiencing a flare-up, which long-term
intervention should be prioritized to manage their symptoms effectively?
Increased dietary fiber
Only pain relievers
Anti-inflammatories
Surgical interventions
2. Describe how proton pump inhibitors function in the management of GERD.
Proton pump inhibitors block the absorption of nutrients in the
intestines.
Proton pump inhibitors stimulate the secretion of bile.
Proton pump inhibitors reduce the production of stomach acid,
helping to alleviate GERD symptoms.
Proton pump inhibitors increase the production of digestive enzymes.
3. Vancomycin is often considered to be a 'drug of last resort' to treat S. aureus
infection, but its use tends to be limited to serious infections. Why?
Resistance to vancomycin is already widespread
Vancomycin can cause nephrotoxicity (kidney) damage
Many people are allergic to vancomycin
Vancomycin must be taken orally which limits bioavailability
4. Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disease that causes drooping eyelids,
difficulty swallowing, muscle weakness, and respiratory failure because this
, disease:
Blocks the ACh receptors
Destroys the ACh receptors
Prevents cholinesterase from being released
Stops the production of ACh
Two of the above
5. A patient with COPD is experiencing increased shortness of breath. Which
class of medication should be prioritized in their treatment plan?
Steroids
Antihistamines
Antibiotics
Bronchodilators
6. A patient with COPD is experiencing increased shortness of breath. Which
medication combination would be most appropriate to alleviate their
symptoms?
Montelukast and Ipratropium
Ipratropium and albuterol
Albuterol alone
Prednisone and Ipratropium
7. Describe the primary therapeutic purpose of Lactulose in patient care.
Lactulose is primarily used to treat constipation.
Lactulose is used to treat infections.
, Lactulose is used to manage diabetes.
Lactulose is used to reduce inflammation.
8. Once inside the human body, HIV primarily infects ____.
kidney tissue
liver tissue
red blood cells
white blood cells
brain tissue
9. Describe the role of anti-inflammatories in the management of Crohn's
disease.
Anti-inflammatories are primarily pain relievers without any effect on
inflammation.
Anti-inflammatories help reduce inflammation in the gastrointestinal
tract, alleviating symptoms and preventing flare-ups.
Anti-inflammatories are used to treat infections in Crohn's disease.
Anti-inflammatories are not used in the management of Crohn's
disease.
10. Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder cells, where the body's own
immune system attacks acetylcholine receptors in neuromuscular junctions.
Which of the following represent some of the characteristic symptoms of this
disorder?
Loss in muscle strength in legs and arms, inability to lift foot at ankle,
curled toes
, Progressive muscle weakness resulting in frequent falls and difficulty
rising from a lying or sitting position
Impaired breathing, droopy eyes, muscle weakness
Progressive muscle stiffness, continuously contracting or twitching
muscles (myokymia), cramping, increased sweating, and delayed
muscle relaxation
Muscle rigidness, painful muscle spasms, impaired mobility
11. If a patient with emphysema presents with a 'pink puffer' appearance, what
might this indicate about their condition?
They are likely experiencing fluid retention in the lungs.
They are likely suffering from a respiratory infection.
They are likely in a state of hyperventilation.
They are likely experiencing difficulty in exhaling air effectively.
12. Describe the impact of COPD on gas exchange in the lungs.
COPD enhances gas exchange, leading to normal levels of oxygen
and carbon dioxide.
COPD leads to impaired gas exchange, resulting in high levels of
carbon dioxide and low levels of oxygen in the blood.
COPD causes the lungs to produce more oxygen than carbon
dioxide.
COPD has no effect on gas exchange in the lungs.
13. A patient presents with symptoms of diarrhea and is diagnosed with acidosis.
What nursing intervention would be most appropriate to address the
underlying cause?
Key Topics & Exam Preparation Guide
1. If a patient with Crohn's disease is experiencing a flare-up, which long-term
intervention should be prioritized to manage their symptoms effectively?
Increased dietary fiber
Only pain relievers
Anti-inflammatories
Surgical interventions
2. Describe how proton pump inhibitors function in the management of GERD.
Proton pump inhibitors block the absorption of nutrients in the
intestines.
Proton pump inhibitors stimulate the secretion of bile.
Proton pump inhibitors reduce the production of stomach acid,
helping to alleviate GERD symptoms.
Proton pump inhibitors increase the production of digestive enzymes.
3. Vancomycin is often considered to be a 'drug of last resort' to treat S. aureus
infection, but its use tends to be limited to serious infections. Why?
Resistance to vancomycin is already widespread
Vancomycin can cause nephrotoxicity (kidney) damage
Many people are allergic to vancomycin
Vancomycin must be taken orally which limits bioavailability
4. Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disease that causes drooping eyelids,
difficulty swallowing, muscle weakness, and respiratory failure because this
, disease:
Blocks the ACh receptors
Destroys the ACh receptors
Prevents cholinesterase from being released
Stops the production of ACh
Two of the above
5. A patient with COPD is experiencing increased shortness of breath. Which
class of medication should be prioritized in their treatment plan?
Steroids
Antihistamines
Antibiotics
Bronchodilators
6. A patient with COPD is experiencing increased shortness of breath. Which
medication combination would be most appropriate to alleviate their
symptoms?
Montelukast and Ipratropium
Ipratropium and albuterol
Albuterol alone
Prednisone and Ipratropium
7. Describe the primary therapeutic purpose of Lactulose in patient care.
Lactulose is primarily used to treat constipation.
Lactulose is used to treat infections.
, Lactulose is used to manage diabetes.
Lactulose is used to reduce inflammation.
8. Once inside the human body, HIV primarily infects ____.
kidney tissue
liver tissue
red blood cells
white blood cells
brain tissue
9. Describe the role of anti-inflammatories in the management of Crohn's
disease.
Anti-inflammatories are primarily pain relievers without any effect on
inflammation.
Anti-inflammatories help reduce inflammation in the gastrointestinal
tract, alleviating symptoms and preventing flare-ups.
Anti-inflammatories are used to treat infections in Crohn's disease.
Anti-inflammatories are not used in the management of Crohn's
disease.
10. Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder cells, where the body's own
immune system attacks acetylcholine receptors in neuromuscular junctions.
Which of the following represent some of the characteristic symptoms of this
disorder?
Loss in muscle strength in legs and arms, inability to lift foot at ankle,
curled toes
, Progressive muscle weakness resulting in frequent falls and difficulty
rising from a lying or sitting position
Impaired breathing, droopy eyes, muscle weakness
Progressive muscle stiffness, continuously contracting or twitching
muscles (myokymia), cramping, increased sweating, and delayed
muscle relaxation
Muscle rigidness, painful muscle spasms, impaired mobility
11. If a patient with emphysema presents with a 'pink puffer' appearance, what
might this indicate about their condition?
They are likely experiencing fluid retention in the lungs.
They are likely suffering from a respiratory infection.
They are likely in a state of hyperventilation.
They are likely experiencing difficulty in exhaling air effectively.
12. Describe the impact of COPD on gas exchange in the lungs.
COPD enhances gas exchange, leading to normal levels of oxygen
and carbon dioxide.
COPD leads to impaired gas exchange, resulting in high levels of
carbon dioxide and low levels of oxygen in the blood.
COPD causes the lungs to produce more oxygen than carbon
dioxide.
COPD has no effect on gas exchange in the lungs.
13. A patient presents with symptoms of diarrhea and is diagnosed with acidosis.
What nursing intervention would be most appropriate to address the
underlying cause?
