NURS 5315 UTA EXAM 2 2026/2027
ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS.
Pathophysiology and clinical implications of pernicious anemia -
correct answer-A Vitamin B12 deficient leads to fewer RBCs-
intrinsic factor is lacking- RBCs get big, but not mature
Macrocytic
Typical at age 60 as 10 years of B12 is stored in body
Risk factors and CM of pernicious anemia - correct answer-
Risk: vegan, gastrectomy, atrophy of gastric mucosa r/t
autoimmune disease
CM: beefy red tongue, weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite,
weight loss, neurological symptoms- parenthesis of hands/feet,
loss of sense of position and vibration
Pathophysiology and clinical implications of folate deficient
anemia - correct answer-Folic acid is required for RBC
synthesis, when lacking, cell continues to grow- but not mature,
will get large and be destroyed in the bone marrow
Monitor nutritional status of patients, elderly are easily
malnourished
,ETOH dependent may need supplementation
Risk factors and CM of folate deficient anemia - correct answer-
Risk: malnourished, alcoholic
CM: beefy red tongue, weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite,
weight loss
Risk factors and CM of iron deficient anemia - correct answer-
Risk: PUD, excessive menstruation, occult GI bleed,
inadequate dietary intake, Meds with GI bleed risk
CM: fatigue, hypoxia, SOB, pale tissues, glossitis, spoon
shaped nails
Pathophysiology and clinical implications of iron deficient
anemia - correct answer-Microcytic
Iron is necessary for production of hgb. Iron stores are depleted
and less hgb is produced, results in small RBCs
Most common worldwide, usially from chronic blood loss or
pregnancy, more common in women
Risk factors and CM of anemia of chronic disease - correct
answer-AIDS, RA, CKD, chronic hepatitis, lupus
, 2nd most common, chronic disease leads to body's inability to
use iron stores
Risk factors and CM of sickle cell anemia - correct answer-
African descent, Mediterranean, middle eastern, or Indian
descent, familial history
Pain during crisis
Pathophysiology and clinical implications of sickle cell anemia -
correct answer-Lack of O2 causes hgb S molecules to
transform to sickle shape, treat with 0.45% NaCl to rehydrate
cell and reverse shape change
Autosomal recessive- can carry trait or active form.
Define acute leukemia - correct answer-Rapid onset-
aggressive accumulation of immature cells, causes
overproduction of leukocytes by the bone marrow, causes
overcrowding, prevents formation of normal blood cells
Chronic leukemia - correct answer-Gradual onset, cells appear
normal but do not function appropriately and accumulate
ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS.
Pathophysiology and clinical implications of pernicious anemia -
correct answer-A Vitamin B12 deficient leads to fewer RBCs-
intrinsic factor is lacking- RBCs get big, but not mature
Macrocytic
Typical at age 60 as 10 years of B12 is stored in body
Risk factors and CM of pernicious anemia - correct answer-
Risk: vegan, gastrectomy, atrophy of gastric mucosa r/t
autoimmune disease
CM: beefy red tongue, weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite,
weight loss, neurological symptoms- parenthesis of hands/feet,
loss of sense of position and vibration
Pathophysiology and clinical implications of folate deficient
anemia - correct answer-Folic acid is required for RBC
synthesis, when lacking, cell continues to grow- but not mature,
will get large and be destroyed in the bone marrow
Monitor nutritional status of patients, elderly are easily
malnourished
,ETOH dependent may need supplementation
Risk factors and CM of folate deficient anemia - correct answer-
Risk: malnourished, alcoholic
CM: beefy red tongue, weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite,
weight loss
Risk factors and CM of iron deficient anemia - correct answer-
Risk: PUD, excessive menstruation, occult GI bleed,
inadequate dietary intake, Meds with GI bleed risk
CM: fatigue, hypoxia, SOB, pale tissues, glossitis, spoon
shaped nails
Pathophysiology and clinical implications of iron deficient
anemia - correct answer-Microcytic
Iron is necessary for production of hgb. Iron stores are depleted
and less hgb is produced, results in small RBCs
Most common worldwide, usially from chronic blood loss or
pregnancy, more common in women
Risk factors and CM of anemia of chronic disease - correct
answer-AIDS, RA, CKD, chronic hepatitis, lupus
, 2nd most common, chronic disease leads to body's inability to
use iron stores
Risk factors and CM of sickle cell anemia - correct answer-
African descent, Mediterranean, middle eastern, or Indian
descent, familial history
Pain during crisis
Pathophysiology and clinical implications of sickle cell anemia -
correct answer-Lack of O2 causes hgb S molecules to
transform to sickle shape, treat with 0.45% NaCl to rehydrate
cell and reverse shape change
Autosomal recessive- can carry trait or active form.
Define acute leukemia - correct answer-Rapid onset-
aggressive accumulation of immature cells, causes
overproduction of leukocytes by the bone marrow, causes
overcrowding, prevents formation of normal blood cells
Chronic leukemia - correct answer-Gradual onset, cells appear
normal but do not function appropriately and accumulate
