Ch01
Overview of Perinatal and Pediatric Nursing in Canada
MULTIPLE CHOICEs
1) A patient chooses to have a registered midwife (RM) provide care during her pregnancy and
for her labour. What does the RM’s scope of practice include?
a. Independent comprehensive practice
b. Prenatal care only
c. Attendance at only low-risk births
d. Only present for home births
ACTUAL ANSWERS: A
The RM provides comprehensive independent prenatal, labour, and postpartum care for up to 6 weeks, for women who are low risk. Births
may occur in hospital or at home. RMs are regulated health professions who have a 4-year university degree.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 7 OBJ: 3 TOP:
Collaborative Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
2) Which organization is responsible for the Baby Friendly Initiative (BFI) in Canada?
a. World Health Organization (WHO)
b. Breastfeeding Committee for Canada (BCC)
c. UNICEF
d. Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC)
ACTUAL ANSWERS: B
The BCC is responsible for BFI designation in Canada. The BCC has developed the BFI 10 Steps and WHO Code Outcome Indicators for
Hospitals and Community Health Services, which sets the international standards for the WHO/UNICEF global criteria within the Canadian
context.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 7 OBJ: 3|9
TOP: The Past KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
3) A pregnant woman who has recently immigrated Canada comments to a nurse, “I am afraid of childbirth. It is so dangerous. I am afraid I
will die.” What is the best nursing response reflecting cultural safety?
a. “Maternal mortality in Canada is extremely low.”
b. “Anesthesia is available to relieve pain during labour and childbirth.”
c. “Tell me why you are afraid of childbirth.”
d. “Your condition will be monitored during labour and birth.”
ACTUAL ANSWERS: C
Asking the patient about her concerns helps promote understanding and individualizes patient care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 11 OBJ: 7
, TOP: Culturally Safe Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
4) An urban area has been reported to have a high perinatal mortality rate. What information does this provide?
a. Maternal and infant deaths per 100,000 live births per year
b. Deaths of fetuses weighing more than 500 g per 10,000 births per year
c. Deaths of infants up to 1 year of age per 1000 live births per year
d. Fetal and neonatal deaths per 1000 live births per year
ACTUAL ANSWERS: D
The perinatal mortality rate includes fetal and neonatal deaths per 1000 live births per year.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 8 OBJ: 10
TOP: Statistics KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
5) What is the focus of current perinatal care?
a. Hospital births for the majority of women
b. The traditional family unit
c. Care in a labour room and then a birthing room
d. A high-quality family experience for each patient
ACTUAL ANSWERS: D
Current maternity practice focuses on a high-quality family experience for all families.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 7|8 OBJ: 2|8
TOP: Perinatal Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
6) Which organization offers certification for nurses in specialty areas?
a. CNA
b. CAPWHN
c. CANN
d. CAPN
ACTUAL ANSWERS: A
The Canadian Nurses Association offers certification exams for registered nurses in specialty areas including perinatal, community,
neonatal, and pediatric intensive care. CAPWHN, CANN, and CAPN are specialty organizations for nursing groups in Canada.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 10 OBJ: 2|3
TOP: Nursing Certification KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
7) Which of the following requires self-reflection and discovery in order to provide care that is culturally appropriate?
a. Cultural safety
b. Cultural awareness
c. Cultural humility
d. Cultural competence
ACTUAL ANSWERS: C
, Cultural humility is the precursor to providing culturally appropriate care. It is a process of self-reflection and discovery to understand
one’s own assumptions, biases, and values and how one’s background and social environment have shaped one’s experience
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 4 OBJ: 1 | 7
TOP: Cultural Humility KEY: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation
8) In 2015, the WHO developed the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). What issues do
the new SDG’s include that the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) did not include?
a. Climate change and environmental protection
b. Combating HIV and malaria
c. Eradicating poverty and hunger
d. Achieving universal primary education
ACTUAL ANSWERS: A
Climate change and environmental protection are new goals of the SDGs. All other options are part of the MDGs
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 13 OBJ: 16
TOP: Sustainable Development Goals KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
9) What guidelines define multidisciplinary patient care in terms of expected outcome and timeframe from different areas of care
provision?
a. Clinical pathways
b. Nursing outcome criteria
c. Standards of care
d. Nursing care plan
ACTUAL ANSWERS: A
Clinical pathways, also known as critical pathways or care maps, are collaborative guidelines that define patient care across disciplines.
Expected progress within a specified timeline is identified.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 12 OBJ: 13
TOP: Health Care Delivery Systems KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
10) A nursing student has reviewed a hospitalized pediatric patient chart, interviewed her mother, and collected admission data. What is the
next step the student will take to develop a nursing care plan for this child?
a. Identify measurable outcomes with a timeline.
b. Choose specific nursing interventions for the child.
c. Determine appropriate nursing diagnoses.
d. State nursing actions related to the child’s medical diagnosis.
ACTUAL ANSWERS: C
The nurse uses assessment data to develop appropriate nursing diagnoses. Outcomes and interventions are then developed to address the
relevant nursing diagnoses.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 11 OBJ: 10
TOP: Nursing Process
, KEY: Nursing Process Step: Nursing Diagnosis
11) A nursing student on a maternal–newborn rotation questions the floor nurse about the definition of the practical nurse scope of
practice. What resource can the nurse suggest to the student?
a. Canadian Nurses Association
b. Provincial regulatory board
c. Federal government
d. Canadian Association of Perinatal & Women’s Health Nursing
ACTUAL ANSWERS: B
The scope of practice of the practical nurse is determined by the provincial board of nursing.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 3 OBJ: 2
TOP: Standards of Practice KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
12) Which social determinant of health (SDOH) is specifically related to Indigenous people’s
health?
a. Colonization
b. Education
c. Social support networks
d. Employment and working conditions
ACTUAL ANSWERS: A
All of the SDOH are important but the impact of colonization is related specifically to
Indigenous people’s health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 3 OBJ: 6
TOP: Social Determinants of Health KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
13) How does the clinical pathway or critical pathway improve quality of care?
a. Lists diagnosis-specific implementations
b. Outlines expected progress with stated timelines
c. Prioritizes effective nursing diagnoses
d. Describes common complications
ACTUAL ANSWERS: B
Critical pathways outline expected progress with stated timelines. Any deviation from those timelines is called a variance.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 12 OBJ: 13
TOP: Critical Pathway KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
14) How does electronic charting ensure comprehensive charting more effectively than handwritten charting?
a. Provides a uniform style of chart
b. Requires certain responses before allowing the user to progress
c. All documentation is reflective of the nursing care plan
d. Requires a daily audit by the charge nurse ACTUAL
ANSWERS: B
Overview of Perinatal and Pediatric Nursing in Canada
MULTIPLE CHOICEs
1) A patient chooses to have a registered midwife (RM) provide care during her pregnancy and
for her labour. What does the RM’s scope of practice include?
a. Independent comprehensive practice
b. Prenatal care only
c. Attendance at only low-risk births
d. Only present for home births
ACTUAL ANSWERS: A
The RM provides comprehensive independent prenatal, labour, and postpartum care for up to 6 weeks, for women who are low risk. Births
may occur in hospital or at home. RMs are regulated health professions who have a 4-year university degree.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 7 OBJ: 3 TOP:
Collaborative Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
2) Which organization is responsible for the Baby Friendly Initiative (BFI) in Canada?
a. World Health Organization (WHO)
b. Breastfeeding Committee for Canada (BCC)
c. UNICEF
d. Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC)
ACTUAL ANSWERS: B
The BCC is responsible for BFI designation in Canada. The BCC has developed the BFI 10 Steps and WHO Code Outcome Indicators for
Hospitals and Community Health Services, which sets the international standards for the WHO/UNICEF global criteria within the Canadian
context.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 7 OBJ: 3|9
TOP: The Past KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
3) A pregnant woman who has recently immigrated Canada comments to a nurse, “I am afraid of childbirth. It is so dangerous. I am afraid I
will die.” What is the best nursing response reflecting cultural safety?
a. “Maternal mortality in Canada is extremely low.”
b. “Anesthesia is available to relieve pain during labour and childbirth.”
c. “Tell me why you are afraid of childbirth.”
d. “Your condition will be monitored during labour and birth.”
ACTUAL ANSWERS: C
Asking the patient about her concerns helps promote understanding and individualizes patient care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 11 OBJ: 7
, TOP: Culturally Safe Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
4) An urban area has been reported to have a high perinatal mortality rate. What information does this provide?
a. Maternal and infant deaths per 100,000 live births per year
b. Deaths of fetuses weighing more than 500 g per 10,000 births per year
c. Deaths of infants up to 1 year of age per 1000 live births per year
d. Fetal and neonatal deaths per 1000 live births per year
ACTUAL ANSWERS: D
The perinatal mortality rate includes fetal and neonatal deaths per 1000 live births per year.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 8 OBJ: 10
TOP: Statistics KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
5) What is the focus of current perinatal care?
a. Hospital births for the majority of women
b. The traditional family unit
c. Care in a labour room and then a birthing room
d. A high-quality family experience for each patient
ACTUAL ANSWERS: D
Current maternity practice focuses on a high-quality family experience for all families.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 7|8 OBJ: 2|8
TOP: Perinatal Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
6) Which organization offers certification for nurses in specialty areas?
a. CNA
b. CAPWHN
c. CANN
d. CAPN
ACTUAL ANSWERS: A
The Canadian Nurses Association offers certification exams for registered nurses in specialty areas including perinatal, community,
neonatal, and pediatric intensive care. CAPWHN, CANN, and CAPN are specialty organizations for nursing groups in Canada.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 10 OBJ: 2|3
TOP: Nursing Certification KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
7) Which of the following requires self-reflection and discovery in order to provide care that is culturally appropriate?
a. Cultural safety
b. Cultural awareness
c. Cultural humility
d. Cultural competence
ACTUAL ANSWERS: C
, Cultural humility is the precursor to providing culturally appropriate care. It is a process of self-reflection and discovery to understand
one’s own assumptions, biases, and values and how one’s background and social environment have shaped one’s experience
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 4 OBJ: 1 | 7
TOP: Cultural Humility KEY: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation
8) In 2015, the WHO developed the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). What issues do
the new SDG’s include that the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) did not include?
a. Climate change and environmental protection
b. Combating HIV and malaria
c. Eradicating poverty and hunger
d. Achieving universal primary education
ACTUAL ANSWERS: A
Climate change and environmental protection are new goals of the SDGs. All other options are part of the MDGs
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 13 OBJ: 16
TOP: Sustainable Development Goals KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
9) What guidelines define multidisciplinary patient care in terms of expected outcome and timeframe from different areas of care
provision?
a. Clinical pathways
b. Nursing outcome criteria
c. Standards of care
d. Nursing care plan
ACTUAL ANSWERS: A
Clinical pathways, also known as critical pathways or care maps, are collaborative guidelines that define patient care across disciplines.
Expected progress within a specified timeline is identified.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 12 OBJ: 13
TOP: Health Care Delivery Systems KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
10) A nursing student has reviewed a hospitalized pediatric patient chart, interviewed her mother, and collected admission data. What is the
next step the student will take to develop a nursing care plan for this child?
a. Identify measurable outcomes with a timeline.
b. Choose specific nursing interventions for the child.
c. Determine appropriate nursing diagnoses.
d. State nursing actions related to the child’s medical diagnosis.
ACTUAL ANSWERS: C
The nurse uses assessment data to develop appropriate nursing diagnoses. Outcomes and interventions are then developed to address the
relevant nursing diagnoses.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 11 OBJ: 10
TOP: Nursing Process
, KEY: Nursing Process Step: Nursing Diagnosis
11) A nursing student on a maternal–newborn rotation questions the floor nurse about the definition of the practical nurse scope of
practice. What resource can the nurse suggest to the student?
a. Canadian Nurses Association
b. Provincial regulatory board
c. Federal government
d. Canadian Association of Perinatal & Women’s Health Nursing
ACTUAL ANSWERS: B
The scope of practice of the practical nurse is determined by the provincial board of nursing.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 3 OBJ: 2
TOP: Standards of Practice KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
12) Which social determinant of health (SDOH) is specifically related to Indigenous people’s
health?
a. Colonization
b. Education
c. Social support networks
d. Employment and working conditions
ACTUAL ANSWERS: A
All of the SDOH are important but the impact of colonization is related specifically to
Indigenous people’s health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 3 OBJ: 6
TOP: Social Determinants of Health KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
13) How does the clinical pathway or critical pathway improve quality of care?
a. Lists diagnosis-specific implementations
b. Outlines expected progress with stated timelines
c. Prioritizes effective nursing diagnoses
d. Describes common complications
ACTUAL ANSWERS: B
Critical pathways outline expected progress with stated timelines. Any deviation from those timelines is called a variance.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 12 OBJ: 13
TOP: Critical Pathway KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
14) How does electronic charting ensure comprehensive charting more effectively than handwritten charting?
a. Provides a uniform style of chart
b. Requires certain responses before allowing the user to progress
c. All documentation is reflective of the nursing care plan
d. Requires a daily audit by the charge nurse ACTUAL
ANSWERS: B
