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Test Bank for
Bioethics: Principles, Issues, and Case, 6th Edition by Lewis Vaughn
TEST QUESTIONS
Chapter 1 Moral Reasoning in Bioethics
1. Ethics is the study of morality using the tools and method of
*a. Philosophy
b. Science
TU
c. D escription
d. Sociology
2. The use of moral norms and concepts to resolve practical moral issues is called
a. Normative ethics
b. Metaethics
TO
c. Descriptive ethics
*d. Applied ethics
3. A key feature of moral norms is
a. Moral relativism
*b. Normative dominance
c. Normative subjectivity
R
d. Partiality
4. A moral principle that applies in all cases unless an exception is warranted is
G
a. Absolute
*b. Prima facie
c. Relative
d. Void
U
5. The overriding of a person’s actions or decision-making for his or her own good is
known as
R
*a. Paternalism
b. Beneficence
c. Autonomy
d. Nonmaleficence
U
6. The principle of respect for autonomy places no restraints on what can be done to an
autonomous person.
a. True
*b. False
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7. Nonmaleficence is the bedrock precept of codes of conduct for health care
professionals.
*a. True
b. False
8. That equals should be treated equally is a basic precept of the principle of autonomy.
a. True
*b. False
9. Moral absolutism is the view that there are moral norms or principles that are valid or
true for everyone.
TU
a. True
*b. False
10. From the fact that cultures have divergent moral beliefs on an issue, it does not
logically follow that there is no objective moral truth.
*a. True
TO
b. False
11. Cultural relativism logically entails tolerance for other cultures.
a. True
*b. False
12. If people’s moral judgments differ from culture to culture, moral norms are relative to
R
culture.
a. True
*b. False
G
13. Cultural relativism implies that we cannot legitimately criticize other cultures.
*a. True
b. False
U
14. All religious people accept the divine command theory.
a. True
R
*b. False
15. Logical argument and persuasion are essentially the same thing.
a. True
U
*b. False
16. A deductive argument is intended to give
a. Probable support to its conclusion
b. True support to its conclusion
*c. Logically conclusive support to its conclusion
d. Logically inconclusive support to its conclusion
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17. The misrepresentation of a person’s views so they can be more easily attacked or
dismissed is known as
a. Begging the question
b. Appeal to ignorance
*c. The straw man fallacy
d. The misrepresentation fallacy
18. Moral premises can be called into question by showing that they
a. Come from immoral people
b. Are contrary to majority opinion
c. Conflict with personal feelings
TU
*d. Conflict with credible principles, theories, or judgments
19. In assessing an argument, the first order of business is to .
a. Find the premises
b. Form an opinion about the truth of the conclusion
*c. Find the conclusion
TO
d. Identify the main premise
20. The argument form of “If p, then q; p; therefore, q” is called .
a. Modus tollens
*b. Modus ponens
c. Affirming the consequent
d. Denying the antecedent
R
Chapter 2 Bioethics and Moral Theories
G
1. A moral theory explains
a. Why one event causes another
b. Why an action is prudent
U
c. Why an action is effective or ineffective or why a person is reasonable or unreasonable
*d. Why an action is right or wrong or why a person or a person’s character is good or
bad
R
2. Consequentialist moral theories insist that the rightness of actions depends solely on
*a. Their consequences or results
b. Their intrinsic nature
U
c. The agent’s motives
d. The agent’s desires
3. Feminist ethics is an approach to morality aimed at
a. Establishing a core set of moral principles
*b. Advancing women’s interests and correcting injustices inflicted on women through
social oppression and inequality
c. Advancing women’s interests through a unique application of Rawls’s theory
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d. Defining women’s perspectives as superior to men’s
4. Act-utilitarianism is the view that
a. The rightness of actions depends solely on the character of the agent
*b. The rightness of actions depends solely on the relative good produced by individual
actions
c. The rightness of actions depends on both the relative good produced by individual
actions and the conformity to rules
d. The rightness of actions depends on a good will
5. Kant says that through reason and reflection we can derive our duties from
*a. The categorical imperative
TU
b. Hypothetical imperatives
c. Experience
d. A calculation of consequences
6. Natural law theory is the view that right actions are those that conform to moral
standards discerned in nature through human reason.
TO
*a. True
b. False
7. Natural law tradition resolves dilemmas through the principle of utility.
a. True
*b. False
R
8. Rawls’s equal liberty principles says that each person is to have an equal right to the
most extensive total system of equal basic liberties compatible with a similar system of
liberty for all.
G
*a. True
b. False
9. Principlism is the theory that right actions are those sanctioned by a single-rule theory.
U
a. True
*b. False
R
10. In the ethics of care, the heart of the moral life is feeling for and caring for those with
whom you have a special, intimate connection.
*a. True
U
b. False
11. Moral theories are not relevant to our moral life.
a. True
*b. False
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Test Bank for
Bioethics: Principles, Issues, and Case, 6th Edition by Lewis Vaughn
TEST QUESTIONS
Chapter 1 Moral Reasoning in Bioethics
1. Ethics is the study of morality using the tools and method of
*a. Philosophy
b. Science
TU
c. D escription
d. Sociology
2. The use of moral norms and concepts to resolve practical moral issues is called
a. Normative ethics
b. Metaethics
TO
c. Descriptive ethics
*d. Applied ethics
3. A key feature of moral norms is
a. Moral relativism
*b. Normative dominance
c. Normative subjectivity
R
d. Partiality
4. A moral principle that applies in all cases unless an exception is warranted is
G
a. Absolute
*b. Prima facie
c. Relative
d. Void
U
5. The overriding of a person’s actions or decision-making for his or her own good is
known as
R
*a. Paternalism
b. Beneficence
c. Autonomy
d. Nonmaleficence
U
6. The principle of respect for autonomy places no restraints on what can be done to an
autonomous person.
a. True
*b. False
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7. Nonmaleficence is the bedrock precept of codes of conduct for health care
professionals.
*a. True
b. False
8. That equals should be treated equally is a basic precept of the principle of autonomy.
a. True
*b. False
9. Moral absolutism is the view that there are moral norms or principles that are valid or
true for everyone.
TU
a. True
*b. False
10. From the fact that cultures have divergent moral beliefs on an issue, it does not
logically follow that there is no objective moral truth.
*a. True
TO
b. False
11. Cultural relativism logically entails tolerance for other cultures.
a. True
*b. False
12. If people’s moral judgments differ from culture to culture, moral norms are relative to
R
culture.
a. True
*b. False
G
13. Cultural relativism implies that we cannot legitimately criticize other cultures.
*a. True
b. False
U
14. All religious people accept the divine command theory.
a. True
R
*b. False
15. Logical argument and persuasion are essentially the same thing.
a. True
U
*b. False
16. A deductive argument is intended to give
a. Probable support to its conclusion
b. True support to its conclusion
*c. Logically conclusive support to its conclusion
d. Logically inconclusive support to its conclusion
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17. The misrepresentation of a person’s views so they can be more easily attacked or
dismissed is known as
a. Begging the question
b. Appeal to ignorance
*c. The straw man fallacy
d. The misrepresentation fallacy
18. Moral premises can be called into question by showing that they
a. Come from immoral people
b. Are contrary to majority opinion
c. Conflict with personal feelings
TU
*d. Conflict with credible principles, theories, or judgments
19. In assessing an argument, the first order of business is to .
a. Find the premises
b. Form an opinion about the truth of the conclusion
*c. Find the conclusion
TO
d. Identify the main premise
20. The argument form of “If p, then q; p; therefore, q” is called .
a. Modus tollens
*b. Modus ponens
c. Affirming the consequent
d. Denying the antecedent
R
Chapter 2 Bioethics and Moral Theories
G
1. A moral theory explains
a. Why one event causes another
b. Why an action is prudent
U
c. Why an action is effective or ineffective or why a person is reasonable or unreasonable
*d. Why an action is right or wrong or why a person or a person’s character is good or
bad
R
2. Consequentialist moral theories insist that the rightness of actions depends solely on
*a. Their consequences or results
b. Their intrinsic nature
U
c. The agent’s motives
d. The agent’s desires
3. Feminist ethics is an approach to morality aimed at
a. Establishing a core set of moral principles
*b. Advancing women’s interests and correcting injustices inflicted on women through
social oppression and inequality
c. Advancing women’s interests through a unique application of Rawls’s theory
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, jhgfds
d. Defining women’s perspectives as superior to men’s
4. Act-utilitarianism is the view that
a. The rightness of actions depends solely on the character of the agent
*b. The rightness of actions depends solely on the relative good produced by individual
actions
c. The rightness of actions depends on both the relative good produced by individual
actions and the conformity to rules
d. The rightness of actions depends on a good will
5. Kant says that through reason and reflection we can derive our duties from
*a. The categorical imperative
TU
b. Hypothetical imperatives
c. Experience
d. A calculation of consequences
6. Natural law theory is the view that right actions are those that conform to moral
standards discerned in nature through human reason.
TO
*a. True
b. False
7. Natural law tradition resolves dilemmas through the principle of utility.
a. True
*b. False
R
8. Rawls’s equal liberty principles says that each person is to have an equal right to the
most extensive total system of equal basic liberties compatible with a similar system of
liberty for all.
G
*a. True
b. False
9. Principlism is the theory that right actions are those sanctioned by a single-rule theory.
U
a. True
*b. False
R
10. In the ethics of care, the heart of the moral life is feeling for and caring for those with
whom you have a special, intimate connection.
*a. True
U
b. False
11. Moral theories are not relevant to our moral life.
a. True
*b. False
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