WGU D312 q
WGU D312 Anatomy & Physiology I | OA | Objective
q q q q q q q q q
q Assessment | 287 Questions and Answers | 2026 Update | 100%
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q Correct.
Gradegurus
,Page 1 q
1. What type of tissue makes up the papillary layer? What cells and structures are
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q found in the papillary layer?
q q q q
A. Adipose tissue. Adipocytes, elastic fibers, nerve bundles, and oil glands.
q q q q q q q q q
B. Loose, areolar connective tissue. Fibroblasts, adipocytes, small blood vessels,
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q phagocytes, lymphatic capillaries, nerve fibers, and Meissner corpuscles.
q q q q q q q
C. Dense, fibrous connective tissue. Collagen fibers, chondrocytes, large blood
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q vessels, mast cells, and sweat glands.
q q q q q
D. Cartilaginous tissue. Chondroblasts, lymphatic vessels, sensory receptors, and hair
q q q q q q q q
q follicles.
Correct: B – The papillary layer is loose areolar connective tissue containing fibroblasts,
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q blood vessels, nerve fibers, and Meissner's corpuscles (touch receptors).
q q q q q q q q
2. What type of cells include epithelial cells, blood cells, osteoblasts, fibroblasts,
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q muscle cells, and nerve cells?
q q q q
A. Haploid cells q
B. Somatic cells q
C. Stem cells q
D. Diploid cells q
Correct: B – Somatic cells are all body cells except gametes; they include epithelial,
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q blood, bone, muscle, and nerve cells.
q q q q q
3. An appendage on certain cells formed by microtubules and modified for movement.
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A. Nucleus
B. Capsule
C. Flagellum
D. Microtubule
Correct: C – A flagellum is a long, microtubule-based appendage used for cell
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movement (e.g., sperm).
q q q
Page 2 q
4. What is the cell body of a neuron, containing the nucleus and mitochondria, called?
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A. Soma
,B. Axon
C. Fibroblast
D. Dendrite
Correct: A – The soma (cell body) contains the nucleus and organelles; dendrites receive
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signals, axons send them.
q q q q
5. Which part of the plasma membrane binds a specific molecule outside the cell?
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A. Receptor
B. Channel protein q
C. Carrier protein q
D. Glycocalyx
Correct: A – Receptors are recognition proteins that bind specific molecules (ligands)
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outside the cell, triggering a cellular response.
q q q q q q q
Page 3 q
6. Which medially placed group of muscles is part of the erector spinae?
q q q q q q q q q q q
A. Spinalis muscles q
B. Longissimus
C. Iliocostalis
D. Multifidus
Correct: A – The spinalis group is the most medially placed in the erector spinae,
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
q extending and laterally flexing the spine.
q q q q q
7. What term describes DNA replication where each new DNA molecule contains one
q q q q q q q q q q q
q original strand and one newly synthesized strand?
q q q q q q
A. Conservative
B. Liberal
C. Semiconservative
D. Dispersive
Correct: C – Semiconservative replication produces two DNA molecules, each with
q q q q q q q q q q
q one old and one new strand.
q q q q q
8. What is the function of skeletal muscle in terms of body temperature regulation?
q q q q q q q q q q q q
A. Anatomical position q
, B. Immune/osmotic regulation q
C. Thermal homeostasis q
D. Shivering
Correct: D – Shivering (involuntary skeletal muscle contractions) generates heat to
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maintain body temperature.
q q q
Page 4 q
9. What are the three basic shapes of epithelial cells?
q q q q q q q q
A. Squamous, cucumber, columnar q q
B. Transitional, stratified, simple q q
C. Squamous, cuboidal, columnar q q
D. Pseudostratified, stratified, columnar q q
Correct: C – Epithelial cells are classified as squamous (flat), cuboidal (cube-shaped), or
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q columnar (tall). q
10. What is the deepest layer of the epidermis? Also known as the subcutaneous layer
q q q q q q q q q q q q q
q or superficial fascia. What function does it serve?
q q q q q q q
A. The dermis – skin repair and pigmentation
q q q q q q
B. The subcutaneous tissue – muscle support and nutrient absorption
q q q q q q q q
C. The hypodermis – fat storage, insulation, and cushioning
q q q q q q q
D. The epidermis – protection and hydration
q q q q q
Correct: C – The hypodermis (subcutaneous layer) is deep to the dermis; it stores fat,
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
insulates, and cushions.
q q q
11. What is the process of copying DNA that occurs before cell division?
q q q q q q q q q q q
A. Transcription
B. Protein synthesis q
C. DNA replication
q
D. Translation
Correct: C – DNA replication copies DNA before cell division so each daughter cell
q q q q q q q q q q q q q
receives a complete genome.
q q q q
WGU D312 Anatomy & Physiology I | OA | Objective
q q q q q q q q q
q Assessment | 287 Questions and Answers | 2026 Update | 100%
q q q q q q q q q q
q Correct.
Gradegurus
,Page 1 q
1. What type of tissue makes up the papillary layer? What cells and structures are
q q q q q q q q q q q q q
q found in the papillary layer?
q q q q
A. Adipose tissue. Adipocytes, elastic fibers, nerve bundles, and oil glands.
q q q q q q q q q
B. Loose, areolar connective tissue. Fibroblasts, adipocytes, small blood vessels,
q q q q q q q q
q phagocytes, lymphatic capillaries, nerve fibers, and Meissner corpuscles.
q q q q q q q
C. Dense, fibrous connective tissue. Collagen fibers, chondrocytes, large blood
q q q q q q q q
q vessels, mast cells, and sweat glands.
q q q q q
D. Cartilaginous tissue. Chondroblasts, lymphatic vessels, sensory receptors, and hair
q q q q q q q q
q follicles.
Correct: B – The papillary layer is loose areolar connective tissue containing fibroblasts,
q q q q q q q q q q q q
q blood vessels, nerve fibers, and Meissner's corpuscles (touch receptors).
q q q q q q q q
2. What type of cells include epithelial cells, blood cells, osteoblasts, fibroblasts,
q q q q q q q q q q
q muscle cells, and nerve cells?
q q q q
A. Haploid cells q
B. Somatic cells q
C. Stem cells q
D. Diploid cells q
Correct: B – Somatic cells are all body cells except gametes; they include epithelial,
q q q q q q q q q q q q q
q blood, bone, muscle, and nerve cells.
q q q q q
3. An appendage on certain cells formed by microtubules and modified for movement.
q q q q q q q q q q q
A. Nucleus
B. Capsule
C. Flagellum
D. Microtubule
Correct: C – A flagellum is a long, microtubule-based appendage used for cell
q q q q q q q q q q q q
movement (e.g., sperm).
q q q
Page 2 q
4. What is the cell body of a neuron, containing the nucleus and mitochondria, called?
q q q q q q q q q q q q q
A. Soma
,B. Axon
C. Fibroblast
D. Dendrite
Correct: A – The soma (cell body) contains the nucleus and organelles; dendrites receive
q q q q q q q q q q q q q
signals, axons send them.
q q q q
5. Which part of the plasma membrane binds a specific molecule outside the cell?
q q q q q q q q q q q q
A. Receptor
B. Channel protein q
C. Carrier protein q
D. Glycocalyx
Correct: A – Receptors are recognition proteins that bind specific molecules (ligands)
q q q q q q q q q q q
outside the cell, triggering a cellular response.
q q q q q q q
Page 3 q
6. Which medially placed group of muscles is part of the erector spinae?
q q q q q q q q q q q
A. Spinalis muscles q
B. Longissimus
C. Iliocostalis
D. Multifidus
Correct: A – The spinalis group is the most medially placed in the erector spinae,
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
q extending and laterally flexing the spine.
q q q q q
7. What term describes DNA replication where each new DNA molecule contains one
q q q q q q q q q q q
q original strand and one newly synthesized strand?
q q q q q q
A. Conservative
B. Liberal
C. Semiconservative
D. Dispersive
Correct: C – Semiconservative replication produces two DNA molecules, each with
q q q q q q q q q q
q one old and one new strand.
q q q q q
8. What is the function of skeletal muscle in terms of body temperature regulation?
q q q q q q q q q q q q
A. Anatomical position q
, B. Immune/osmotic regulation q
C. Thermal homeostasis q
D. Shivering
Correct: D – Shivering (involuntary skeletal muscle contractions) generates heat to
q q q q q q q q q q
maintain body temperature.
q q q
Page 4 q
9. What are the three basic shapes of epithelial cells?
q q q q q q q q
A. Squamous, cucumber, columnar q q
B. Transitional, stratified, simple q q
C. Squamous, cuboidal, columnar q q
D. Pseudostratified, stratified, columnar q q
Correct: C – Epithelial cells are classified as squamous (flat), cuboidal (cube-shaped), or
q q q q q q q q q q q q
q columnar (tall). q
10. What is the deepest layer of the epidermis? Also known as the subcutaneous layer
q q q q q q q q q q q q q
q or superficial fascia. What function does it serve?
q q q q q q q
A. The dermis – skin repair and pigmentation
q q q q q q
B. The subcutaneous tissue – muscle support and nutrient absorption
q q q q q q q q
C. The hypodermis – fat storage, insulation, and cushioning
q q q q q q q
D. The epidermis – protection and hydration
q q q q q
Correct: C – The hypodermis (subcutaneous layer) is deep to the dermis; it stores fat,
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
insulates, and cushions.
q q q
11. What is the process of copying DNA that occurs before cell division?
q q q q q q q q q q q
A. Transcription
B. Protein synthesis q
C. DNA replication
q
D. Translation
Correct: C – DNA replication copies DNA before cell division so each daughter cell
q q q q q q q q q q q q q
receives a complete genome.
q q q q
