Biology 109- Final Exam Prep Test & Answers
(Bledsoe) new test verified A+ tips!!!
1. A post-anal tail and pharyngeal slits are characteristic of the phylum
Cephalopoda
Cnidaria
Echinodermata
Chordata
none of the above: Chordata
2. Immediately after putting on a shirt, your skin might feel itchy. However, this
perception soon fades due to .: sensory adaptation
3. A behavioral physiologist is studying the homeostatic control of blood pH.
In a trial, a lizard runs on a treadmill for a set amount of time and the
blood pH is measured. The blood pH drops as carbon dioxide is released into
the bloodstream. Which component of the homeostatic feedback system is
responsible for deciding if the blood pH is far enough from normal that a
response is necessary?: integrator
4. If you experimentally reduce the concentration of K+ in the extracellular fluid
surrounding hair cells in the inner ear, the result would be like which of the
following?
increasing the frequency of sound reaching the hair cells
increasing the volume of sound reaching the hair cells
decreasing the frequency of sound reaching the hair cells
decreasing the volume of sound reaching the hair cells: decreasing the volume of sound
reaching the hair cells
5. Compared to viewing a distant object, a human viewing an object held within
five centimeters of the eye requires a lens that .
has been flattened, as a result of contraction of the ciliary muscles
,has been flattened, as a result of relaxation of the ciliary muscles
has been made more spherical, as a result of contraction of the ciliary
muscles
has been made more spherical, as a result of relaxation of the ciliary muscles-
: has been made more spherical, as a result of contraction of the ciliary muscles
,6. Tastes and smells are distinct kinds of environmental information in that: -
neural projections from taste receptors reach ditterent parts of the brain than the neural projections from olfactory
receptors
7. Which of the following are present in high densities in both smooth and
skeletal muscle cells?
I) cilia
II) mitochondria
III) nuclei
IV) endoplasmic reticulum only: II and IV
8. What would happen to people exposed to a chemical warfare agent that
blocked acetylcholine from binding to muscle receptors?
Action potentials would be continuously generated, causing convulsive mus-
cle contractions.
Muscle contractions could still occur, but relaxation of the muscle would be
impaired.
Action potentials would be continuously generated, causing convulsive mus-
cle
contractions; muscle contractions would then be prevented, causing paraly-
sis.
Muscle contractions would be prevented, causing paralysis.: Muscle contractions
would be prevented, causing paralysis.
9. A skeletal muscle deprived of adequate ATP supplies will .
sequester all free calcium ions into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
immediately relax
enter a state where actin and myosin are unable to separate
fire many more action potentials than usual and enter a state of "rigor": enter
a state where actin and myosin are unable to separate
10. A patient is hospitalized with muscle spasms caused by failure of back
muscles to relax after contraction. Which of the following would be most likely
to help?
Depolarize the motor neurons to send an action potential to the muscle cells.
Inject calcium into the muscle cell, because it is not being released from the
, sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Induce tropomycin and troponin to bind to the myosin binding sites on actin.
Increase the amount of acetylcholine at the synapses between motor neu-
rons and muscle cells.: Induce tropomycin and troponin to bind to the myosin binding sites on actin.
11. Which of the following is the correct sequence that describes the excitation
and contraction of a skeletal muscle fiber?
1. Tropomyosin shifts and unblocks the cross-bridge binding sites.
2. Calcium is released and binds to the troponin complex.
3. Transverse tubules depolarize the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
4. The thin filaments are ratcheted across the thick filaments by the heads of
the myosin molecules using energy from ATP.
5. An action potential in a motor neuron causes the axon to release acetyl-
choline, which depolarizes the muscle cell membrane.: 5. An action potential in a motor
neuron causes the axon to release acetylcholine, which depolarizes the muscle cell membrane.
3. Transverse tubules depolarize the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
2. Calcium is released and binds to the troponin complex.
1. Tropomyosin shifts and unblocks the cross-bridge binding sites.
4. The thin filaments are ratcheted across the thick filaments by the heads of the myosin molecules using energy from
ATP.
12. Which of the following compounds is only found in the cell walls of
gram-negative bacteria?
cellulose
lipopolysaccharide
protein
peptidoglycan
chitin: lipopolysaccharide
13. A chemoautotroph utilizes
CO2 as its source of energy and carbon
(Bledsoe) new test verified A+ tips!!!
1. A post-anal tail and pharyngeal slits are characteristic of the phylum
Cephalopoda
Cnidaria
Echinodermata
Chordata
none of the above: Chordata
2. Immediately after putting on a shirt, your skin might feel itchy. However, this
perception soon fades due to .: sensory adaptation
3. A behavioral physiologist is studying the homeostatic control of blood pH.
In a trial, a lizard runs on a treadmill for a set amount of time and the
blood pH is measured. The blood pH drops as carbon dioxide is released into
the bloodstream. Which component of the homeostatic feedback system is
responsible for deciding if the blood pH is far enough from normal that a
response is necessary?: integrator
4. If you experimentally reduce the concentration of K+ in the extracellular fluid
surrounding hair cells in the inner ear, the result would be like which of the
following?
increasing the frequency of sound reaching the hair cells
increasing the volume of sound reaching the hair cells
decreasing the frequency of sound reaching the hair cells
decreasing the volume of sound reaching the hair cells: decreasing the volume of sound
reaching the hair cells
5. Compared to viewing a distant object, a human viewing an object held within
five centimeters of the eye requires a lens that .
has been flattened, as a result of contraction of the ciliary muscles
,has been flattened, as a result of relaxation of the ciliary muscles
has been made more spherical, as a result of contraction of the ciliary
muscles
has been made more spherical, as a result of relaxation of the ciliary muscles-
: has been made more spherical, as a result of contraction of the ciliary muscles
,6. Tastes and smells are distinct kinds of environmental information in that: -
neural projections from taste receptors reach ditterent parts of the brain than the neural projections from olfactory
receptors
7. Which of the following are present in high densities in both smooth and
skeletal muscle cells?
I) cilia
II) mitochondria
III) nuclei
IV) endoplasmic reticulum only: II and IV
8. What would happen to people exposed to a chemical warfare agent that
blocked acetylcholine from binding to muscle receptors?
Action potentials would be continuously generated, causing convulsive mus-
cle contractions.
Muscle contractions could still occur, but relaxation of the muscle would be
impaired.
Action potentials would be continuously generated, causing convulsive mus-
cle
contractions; muscle contractions would then be prevented, causing paraly-
sis.
Muscle contractions would be prevented, causing paralysis.: Muscle contractions
would be prevented, causing paralysis.
9. A skeletal muscle deprived of adequate ATP supplies will .
sequester all free calcium ions into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
immediately relax
enter a state where actin and myosin are unable to separate
fire many more action potentials than usual and enter a state of "rigor": enter
a state where actin and myosin are unable to separate
10. A patient is hospitalized with muscle spasms caused by failure of back
muscles to relax after contraction. Which of the following would be most likely
to help?
Depolarize the motor neurons to send an action potential to the muscle cells.
Inject calcium into the muscle cell, because it is not being released from the
, sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Induce tropomycin and troponin to bind to the myosin binding sites on actin.
Increase the amount of acetylcholine at the synapses between motor neu-
rons and muscle cells.: Induce tropomycin and troponin to bind to the myosin binding sites on actin.
11. Which of the following is the correct sequence that describes the excitation
and contraction of a skeletal muscle fiber?
1. Tropomyosin shifts and unblocks the cross-bridge binding sites.
2. Calcium is released and binds to the troponin complex.
3. Transverse tubules depolarize the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
4. The thin filaments are ratcheted across the thick filaments by the heads of
the myosin molecules using energy from ATP.
5. An action potential in a motor neuron causes the axon to release acetyl-
choline, which depolarizes the muscle cell membrane.: 5. An action potential in a motor
neuron causes the axon to release acetylcholine, which depolarizes the muscle cell membrane.
3. Transverse tubules depolarize the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
2. Calcium is released and binds to the troponin complex.
1. Tropomyosin shifts and unblocks the cross-bridge binding sites.
4. The thin filaments are ratcheted across the thick filaments by the heads of the myosin molecules using energy from
ATP.
12. Which of the following compounds is only found in the cell walls of
gram-negative bacteria?
cellulose
lipopolysaccharide
protein
peptidoglycan
chitin: lipopolysaccharide
13. A chemoautotroph utilizes
CO2 as its source of energy and carbon
