AGET 354 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 VERIFIED.
General Types of Construction Surveys - ANS Pipeline stakeout
Building stakeout
Highway stakeout
Basic Method for Construction Surveys - ANS Placement of horizontal and vertical control
Topographic survey
Staking out the design
Periodic checks on the design layout while under construction
Final as-built survey of the project
Horizontal and Vertical Control points should be - ANS Located conveniently for use and
clearly marked
Far enough from the actual construction to avoid possible destruction of the stakes
Suitable for securing the accuracy agreed on for the construction layout
Storm sewers - ANS Grade of at least 0.5%
Sanitary sewers - ANS Steeper grade than storm sewers
Staking out a Pipeline (without GPS) - ANS Use of batter boards or laser beams to guide
alignment and vertical placement of the pipe
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 17
,Surveyor places offset stakes along pipeline trench
Staking out a Pipeline with use of a laser device - ANS The beam is oriented along the pipe's
planned horizontal alignment and grade, then the trench is opened
The laser is then used like the top of the batterboard with a measuring stick to check the
elevation of the invert
Staking out a Building - ANS Use of batter boards must be set far enough out of the way of
the building corners
A couple of benchmarks should be set outside the construction limits but within easy sight
distance
it is Important when Staking out a Building to - ANS Ensure vertical alignment, especially on
multi-story buildings
Best to check vertical alignment with two set-ups from positions that are perpendicular to each
other
Also check in direct and reversed positions to cancel out errors from the instrument not being in
good adjustment
Staking out Highways, Canals, Railroads - ANS Staking will begin on the centerline and placed
at full stations (100-ft intervals) until an alignment change at a point of intersection
After the initial centerline staking, PC's and PT's are located and staked as well as any POT's
Points must be referenced so they can be found again once construction has started
Then the right of way is staked at every change in width, all changes in alignment, and sufficient
other points
When Staking out Highways, Canals, Railroads - ANS several benchmarks are typically placed
on the right of way so they are not destroyed and can be referenced again
finally the construction limits are staked
Slope stakes - ANS Stake marking the cut/fill at that location
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 17
, Slope intercepts - ANS Intersection of the original ground and the side slope
Grade stakes - ANS Set at points that have the same ground and grade elevation
Blue tops - ANS Stake set at the actual grade elevation at that location, then painted blue on
top
Errors in Construction Surveys - ANS Inadequate number/location of control points
Errors in establishing control
Observational errors in layout
Failure to double-center in laying out angles or extending lines and failure to check vertical
members by plunging the instrument
Careless referencing of key points
Movement of stakes and marks
Public lands - ANS Lands that are subject to the administration, survey, and transfer of title to
private owners under the public land laws of the United States since 1785
US Bureau of Land Management is responsible for - ANS surveying and managing these
surveys
Part of Dept. of Interior
Formerly managed by Dept. of Treasury
How many states constitute the public land survey states? - ANS 30 states
Public Land Survey System (PLSS) - ANS Started in 1784
Territory immediately northwest of the Ohio River was first to be surveyed
Standard unit of measure for PLSS is - ANS chains
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 17
ANSWERS 2026 VERIFIED.
General Types of Construction Surveys - ANS Pipeline stakeout
Building stakeout
Highway stakeout
Basic Method for Construction Surveys - ANS Placement of horizontal and vertical control
Topographic survey
Staking out the design
Periodic checks on the design layout while under construction
Final as-built survey of the project
Horizontal and Vertical Control points should be - ANS Located conveniently for use and
clearly marked
Far enough from the actual construction to avoid possible destruction of the stakes
Suitable for securing the accuracy agreed on for the construction layout
Storm sewers - ANS Grade of at least 0.5%
Sanitary sewers - ANS Steeper grade than storm sewers
Staking out a Pipeline (without GPS) - ANS Use of batter boards or laser beams to guide
alignment and vertical placement of the pipe
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 17
,Surveyor places offset stakes along pipeline trench
Staking out a Pipeline with use of a laser device - ANS The beam is oriented along the pipe's
planned horizontal alignment and grade, then the trench is opened
The laser is then used like the top of the batterboard with a measuring stick to check the
elevation of the invert
Staking out a Building - ANS Use of batter boards must be set far enough out of the way of
the building corners
A couple of benchmarks should be set outside the construction limits but within easy sight
distance
it is Important when Staking out a Building to - ANS Ensure vertical alignment, especially on
multi-story buildings
Best to check vertical alignment with two set-ups from positions that are perpendicular to each
other
Also check in direct and reversed positions to cancel out errors from the instrument not being in
good adjustment
Staking out Highways, Canals, Railroads - ANS Staking will begin on the centerline and placed
at full stations (100-ft intervals) until an alignment change at a point of intersection
After the initial centerline staking, PC's and PT's are located and staked as well as any POT's
Points must be referenced so they can be found again once construction has started
Then the right of way is staked at every change in width, all changes in alignment, and sufficient
other points
When Staking out Highways, Canals, Railroads - ANS several benchmarks are typically placed
on the right of way so they are not destroyed and can be referenced again
finally the construction limits are staked
Slope stakes - ANS Stake marking the cut/fill at that location
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 17
, Slope intercepts - ANS Intersection of the original ground and the side slope
Grade stakes - ANS Set at points that have the same ground and grade elevation
Blue tops - ANS Stake set at the actual grade elevation at that location, then painted blue on
top
Errors in Construction Surveys - ANS Inadequate number/location of control points
Errors in establishing control
Observational errors in layout
Failure to double-center in laying out angles or extending lines and failure to check vertical
members by plunging the instrument
Careless referencing of key points
Movement of stakes and marks
Public lands - ANS Lands that are subject to the administration, survey, and transfer of title to
private owners under the public land laws of the United States since 1785
US Bureau of Land Management is responsible for - ANS surveying and managing these
surveys
Part of Dept. of Interior
Formerly managed by Dept. of Treasury
How many states constitute the public land survey states? - ANS 30 states
Public Land Survey System (PLSS) - ANS Started in 1784
Territory immediately northwest of the Ohio River was first to be surveyed
Standard unit of measure for PLSS is - ANS chains
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 17
