OFA LEVEL 3 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FIRM A+
✔✔Guidelines when applying cold - ✔✔1. Do not apply if distal circulation is impaired
2. Apply ice with some insulation to avoid more harm
3. Apply for 10 minutes, then remove for 5, and repeat
✔✔General principles to large embedded foreign objects - ✔✔1. Do not remove or alter
the position of the foreign body.
2. Quickly stabilize the foreign body.
3. Comfortably immobilize the patients with large embedded foreign bodies
✔✔Hyoid - ✔✔Located between the chin and the thyroid cartilage. This bone also
provides a place of attachment for many muscles associated with the mouth's floor, as
well as the larynx, pharynx, and epiglottis.
✔✔Vertebral column - ✔✔Backbone or spine
✔✔Greater trochanter of femur - ✔✔
✔✔Shoulder girdle - ✔✔Clavicle and scapula
✔✔Upper extremity - ✔✔Humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, phalanges, metacarpals
✔✔Medullary cavity - ✔✔The hollow space within most bones
✔✔Periosteum - ✔✔A layer of connective tissue around bones
✔✔Ball-and-socket joints - ✔✔Such as the hip and shoulder
✔✔Hinge joints - ✔✔Such as the knee or elbow
✔✔Pivot joints - ✔✔The allow rotary movement, such as the proximal end of the radius
✔✔Cervical - ✔✔C1-C7: The first 7 vertebrae of the vertebral column, these make of
the neck
✔✔Thoracic - ✔✔T1-T12: The twelve pairs of ribs attach to the 12 thoracic vertebrae
✔✔Lumbar - ✔✔L1-L5: 5 lumbar vertebrae make of the small of the back
✔✔Sacral - ✔✔S1-S5: 5 vertebrae are fused to the 4 vertebrae of the coccygeal to form
the posterior wall of the pelvis
, ✔✔Coccygeal - ✔✔4 vertebrae are fused to 5 of the sacral to form the posterior wall of
the pelvis
✔✔Innominate bones - ✔✔Two bones also called the pelvic bones
✔✔The innominate bones are made of which three parts? - ✔✔Illium, ischium and pubis
✔✔Sprain - ✔✔The stretching and/or a partial or complete tearing of a ligament at the
joint
✔✔Benefits of oxygen - ✔✔1. Improvement in skin colour and condition
2. Quieter, easier breathing
3. Less pain for patient experiencing heart attack or angina
4. Decrease in an abnormally rapid pulse rate
✔✔Vitreous humor - ✔✔eyeball fluid
✔✔Cornea - ✔✔Transparent window which allows light into the eyeball
✔✔Sclera - ✔✔The white part of the eye
✔✔Conjunctivia - ✔✔A clear membrane covering the sclera
✔✔Iris - ✔✔The coloured portion of the eye responsible for regulating light levels
✔✔Retina - ✔✔The light sensitive membrane at the back of the eye
✔✔Lens - ✔✔Responsible for focussing light onto the surface of the retina
✔✔Lacrimal system - ✔✔Composed of lacrimal (tear) glands and ducts
✔✔Hyphema - ✔✔Bleeding within the eye
✔✔Conjunctival hemorrhage - ✔✔Superficial bleeding of the eye
✔✔Canthus - ✔✔Corners of the eye
✔✔Synovial sheath - ✔✔Specialized tissue surrounding a tendon
✔✔Fracture - ✔✔A break in the continuity of a bone
✔✔Dislocation - ✔✔Displacement of one or more bones so that the joint surfaces are
no longer in contact
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FIRM A+
✔✔Guidelines when applying cold - ✔✔1. Do not apply if distal circulation is impaired
2. Apply ice with some insulation to avoid more harm
3. Apply for 10 minutes, then remove for 5, and repeat
✔✔General principles to large embedded foreign objects - ✔✔1. Do not remove or alter
the position of the foreign body.
2. Quickly stabilize the foreign body.
3. Comfortably immobilize the patients with large embedded foreign bodies
✔✔Hyoid - ✔✔Located between the chin and the thyroid cartilage. This bone also
provides a place of attachment for many muscles associated with the mouth's floor, as
well as the larynx, pharynx, and epiglottis.
✔✔Vertebral column - ✔✔Backbone or spine
✔✔Greater trochanter of femur - ✔✔
✔✔Shoulder girdle - ✔✔Clavicle and scapula
✔✔Upper extremity - ✔✔Humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, phalanges, metacarpals
✔✔Medullary cavity - ✔✔The hollow space within most bones
✔✔Periosteum - ✔✔A layer of connective tissue around bones
✔✔Ball-and-socket joints - ✔✔Such as the hip and shoulder
✔✔Hinge joints - ✔✔Such as the knee or elbow
✔✔Pivot joints - ✔✔The allow rotary movement, such as the proximal end of the radius
✔✔Cervical - ✔✔C1-C7: The first 7 vertebrae of the vertebral column, these make of
the neck
✔✔Thoracic - ✔✔T1-T12: The twelve pairs of ribs attach to the 12 thoracic vertebrae
✔✔Lumbar - ✔✔L1-L5: 5 lumbar vertebrae make of the small of the back
✔✔Sacral - ✔✔S1-S5: 5 vertebrae are fused to the 4 vertebrae of the coccygeal to form
the posterior wall of the pelvis
, ✔✔Coccygeal - ✔✔4 vertebrae are fused to 5 of the sacral to form the posterior wall of
the pelvis
✔✔Innominate bones - ✔✔Two bones also called the pelvic bones
✔✔The innominate bones are made of which three parts? - ✔✔Illium, ischium and pubis
✔✔Sprain - ✔✔The stretching and/or a partial or complete tearing of a ligament at the
joint
✔✔Benefits of oxygen - ✔✔1. Improvement in skin colour and condition
2. Quieter, easier breathing
3. Less pain for patient experiencing heart attack or angina
4. Decrease in an abnormally rapid pulse rate
✔✔Vitreous humor - ✔✔eyeball fluid
✔✔Cornea - ✔✔Transparent window which allows light into the eyeball
✔✔Sclera - ✔✔The white part of the eye
✔✔Conjunctivia - ✔✔A clear membrane covering the sclera
✔✔Iris - ✔✔The coloured portion of the eye responsible for regulating light levels
✔✔Retina - ✔✔The light sensitive membrane at the back of the eye
✔✔Lens - ✔✔Responsible for focussing light onto the surface of the retina
✔✔Lacrimal system - ✔✔Composed of lacrimal (tear) glands and ducts
✔✔Hyphema - ✔✔Bleeding within the eye
✔✔Conjunctival hemorrhage - ✔✔Superficial bleeding of the eye
✔✔Canthus - ✔✔Corners of the eye
✔✔Synovial sheath - ✔✔Specialized tissue surrounding a tendon
✔✔Fracture - ✔✔A break in the continuity of a bone
✔✔Dislocation - ✔✔Displacement of one or more bones so that the joint surfaces are
no longer in contact
