EMT TRAUMA EXAM CHAPTERS 25-
32 (AAOS ORANGE BOOK 11TH
EDITION) WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS
The function of the blood is to _______ all of the body's cells and tissues
A. Remove oxygen from
B. Deliver nutrients to
C. Carry waste products to
D. All of the above - ANSWER-B
The cardiovascular system consists of
A. A pump
B. A container
C. Fluid
D. All of the above - ANSWER-D
Blood leaves each chamber of a normal heart through a
A. Vein
B. Artery
C. One way valve
D. Capillary - ANSWER-C
Blood enters the right atrium from the
A. Coronary arteries
B. Lungs
C. Vena cava
D. Coronary veins - ANSWER-C
Blood enters the left atrium from the
A. Coronary arteries
B. Lungs
C. Vena cava
D. Coronary veins - ANSWER-B
The only arteries of the body that carry deoxygenated blood are the
A. Pulmonary arteries
B. Coronary arteries
C. Femoral arteries
D. Subclavian arteries - ANSWER-A
The _______ is the thickest chamber of the heart
A. Right atrium
B. Right ventricle
C. Left atrium
,D. Left ventricle - ANSWER-D
The _______ links the arteries and the venules.
A. Aorta
B. Capillaries
C. Vena cava
D. Valves - ANSWER-B
At the arterial end of the capillaries, the muscles dilate and constrict in response to
conditions such as
A. Fright
B. A specific need for oxygen
C. A need to dispose of metabolic wastes
D. All the of above - ANSWER-D
Blood contains all of the following except
A. White blood cells
B. Plasma
C. Cerebrospinal fluid
D. Platelets - ANSWER-C
________ is the circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to
meet the cells current need for oxygen nutrients and waste removal
A. Anatomy
B. Perfusion
C. Physiology
D. Conduction - ANSWER-B
The _______ only requires a minimal blood supply when at rest
A. Lungs
B. Kidneys
C. Muscles
D. Heart - ANSWER-C
The term _______ means constantly adapting to changing conditions
A. Perfusion
B. Conduction
C. Dynamic
D. Autonomic - ANSWER-C
_______ is inadequate tissue perfusion
A. Shock
B. Hyperperfusion
C. Hypertension
D. Contraction - ANSWER-A
The brain and spinal cord usually cannot go for more than _______ minutes without
perfusion or the nerve cells will be permanently damaged
A. 30 -45
B. 12-20
,C. 8-10
D. 4-6 - ANSWER-D
An organ or tissue that is considerably _______ is much better able to resist damage
from hypoperfusion
A. warmer
B. colder
C. younger
D. older - ANSWER-B
The body will not tolerate an acute blood loss of greater than _______ of blood
volume
A. 10%
B. 20%
C. 30%
D. 40% - ANSWER-B
If the typical adult loses more than 1L of blood, significant changes in vital signs,
such as _____ will occur
A. Decreased heart rate
B. Increased respiratory rate
C. Increased blood pressure
D. All of the above - ANSWER-B
_______ shock is a condition in which low blood volume results in inadequate
perfusion or even death
A. Hypovolemic
B. Metabolic
C. Septic
D. Psychogenic - ANSWER-A
You should consider bleeding to be serious if all of the following conditions are
present except
A. Blood loss is rapid
B. There is no mechanism of injury
C. The patient has a poor general appearance
D. Assessment reveals signs and symptoms of shock - ANSWER-B
When caring for a patient with internal
bleeding, the EMT must first:
A. ensure a patent airway.
B. obtain baseline vital signs.
C. control any external bleeding.
D. take appropriate standard precautions. - ANSWER-D
The quickest and MOST effective way to
control external bleeding from an extremity
is:
A. a pressure bandage.
, B. direct pressure and elevation.
C. a splint.
D. a tourniquet. - ANSWER-B
When applying a tourniquet to an
amputated arm, the EMT should:
A. use the narrowest bandage possible.
B. avoid applying the tourniquet over a joint.
C. cover the tourniquet with a sterile bandage.
D. use rope to ensure that the tourniquet is tight. - ANSWER-B
A 70-year-old man is experiencing a severe nosebleed.
When you arrive, you find him leaning over a basin, which
contains an impressive amount of blood. He has a history of
coronary artery disease, diabetes, and migraine headaches.
His BP is 180/100 and his heart rate is 100 beats/min. Which
of the following is the MOST likely contributing factor to his
nosebleed?
A. His blood pressure
B. His history of diabetes
C. The fact that he is elderly
D. His heart rate of 100 beats/min - ANSWER-A
When caring for a patient with severe
epistaxis, the MOST effective way to prevent
aspiration of blood is to:
A. insert a nasopharyngeal airway and lean the
patient back.
B. tilt the patient's head forward while he or she
is leaning forward.
C. place the patient supine with his or her head in
the flexed position.
D. tilt the patient's head forward while he or she
is leaning backward. - ANSWER-B
Controlling internal bleeding requires:
A. applying a tourniquet.
B. surgery in a hospital.
C. positioning the patient in the sitting position.
D. providing slow and considerate transport. - ANSWER-B
If direct pressure with a sterile dressing fails to immediately stop severe bleeding
from an extremity, you should apply:
A. additional sterile dressings.
B. a splint and elevate the extremity.
C. a tourniquet proximal to the injury.
D. digital pressure to a proximal artery. - ANSWER-C
A 22-year-old male was kicked in the abdomen multiple times during an attack by a
gang. He is conscious but restless and his pulse is rapid. Your assessment reveals a
32 (AAOS ORANGE BOOK 11TH
EDITION) WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS
The function of the blood is to _______ all of the body's cells and tissues
A. Remove oxygen from
B. Deliver nutrients to
C. Carry waste products to
D. All of the above - ANSWER-B
The cardiovascular system consists of
A. A pump
B. A container
C. Fluid
D. All of the above - ANSWER-D
Blood leaves each chamber of a normal heart through a
A. Vein
B. Artery
C. One way valve
D. Capillary - ANSWER-C
Blood enters the right atrium from the
A. Coronary arteries
B. Lungs
C. Vena cava
D. Coronary veins - ANSWER-C
Blood enters the left atrium from the
A. Coronary arteries
B. Lungs
C. Vena cava
D. Coronary veins - ANSWER-B
The only arteries of the body that carry deoxygenated blood are the
A. Pulmonary arteries
B. Coronary arteries
C. Femoral arteries
D. Subclavian arteries - ANSWER-A
The _______ is the thickest chamber of the heart
A. Right atrium
B. Right ventricle
C. Left atrium
,D. Left ventricle - ANSWER-D
The _______ links the arteries and the venules.
A. Aorta
B. Capillaries
C. Vena cava
D. Valves - ANSWER-B
At the arterial end of the capillaries, the muscles dilate and constrict in response to
conditions such as
A. Fright
B. A specific need for oxygen
C. A need to dispose of metabolic wastes
D. All the of above - ANSWER-D
Blood contains all of the following except
A. White blood cells
B. Plasma
C. Cerebrospinal fluid
D. Platelets - ANSWER-C
________ is the circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to
meet the cells current need for oxygen nutrients and waste removal
A. Anatomy
B. Perfusion
C. Physiology
D. Conduction - ANSWER-B
The _______ only requires a minimal blood supply when at rest
A. Lungs
B. Kidneys
C. Muscles
D. Heart - ANSWER-C
The term _______ means constantly adapting to changing conditions
A. Perfusion
B. Conduction
C. Dynamic
D. Autonomic - ANSWER-C
_______ is inadequate tissue perfusion
A. Shock
B. Hyperperfusion
C. Hypertension
D. Contraction - ANSWER-A
The brain and spinal cord usually cannot go for more than _______ minutes without
perfusion or the nerve cells will be permanently damaged
A. 30 -45
B. 12-20
,C. 8-10
D. 4-6 - ANSWER-D
An organ or tissue that is considerably _______ is much better able to resist damage
from hypoperfusion
A. warmer
B. colder
C. younger
D. older - ANSWER-B
The body will not tolerate an acute blood loss of greater than _______ of blood
volume
A. 10%
B. 20%
C. 30%
D. 40% - ANSWER-B
If the typical adult loses more than 1L of blood, significant changes in vital signs,
such as _____ will occur
A. Decreased heart rate
B. Increased respiratory rate
C. Increased blood pressure
D. All of the above - ANSWER-B
_______ shock is a condition in which low blood volume results in inadequate
perfusion or even death
A. Hypovolemic
B. Metabolic
C. Septic
D. Psychogenic - ANSWER-A
You should consider bleeding to be serious if all of the following conditions are
present except
A. Blood loss is rapid
B. There is no mechanism of injury
C. The patient has a poor general appearance
D. Assessment reveals signs and symptoms of shock - ANSWER-B
When caring for a patient with internal
bleeding, the EMT must first:
A. ensure a patent airway.
B. obtain baseline vital signs.
C. control any external bleeding.
D. take appropriate standard precautions. - ANSWER-D
The quickest and MOST effective way to
control external bleeding from an extremity
is:
A. a pressure bandage.
, B. direct pressure and elevation.
C. a splint.
D. a tourniquet. - ANSWER-B
When applying a tourniquet to an
amputated arm, the EMT should:
A. use the narrowest bandage possible.
B. avoid applying the tourniquet over a joint.
C. cover the tourniquet with a sterile bandage.
D. use rope to ensure that the tourniquet is tight. - ANSWER-B
A 70-year-old man is experiencing a severe nosebleed.
When you arrive, you find him leaning over a basin, which
contains an impressive amount of blood. He has a history of
coronary artery disease, diabetes, and migraine headaches.
His BP is 180/100 and his heart rate is 100 beats/min. Which
of the following is the MOST likely contributing factor to his
nosebleed?
A. His blood pressure
B. His history of diabetes
C. The fact that he is elderly
D. His heart rate of 100 beats/min - ANSWER-A
When caring for a patient with severe
epistaxis, the MOST effective way to prevent
aspiration of blood is to:
A. insert a nasopharyngeal airway and lean the
patient back.
B. tilt the patient's head forward while he or she
is leaning forward.
C. place the patient supine with his or her head in
the flexed position.
D. tilt the patient's head forward while he or she
is leaning backward. - ANSWER-B
Controlling internal bleeding requires:
A. applying a tourniquet.
B. surgery in a hospital.
C. positioning the patient in the sitting position.
D. providing slow and considerate transport. - ANSWER-B
If direct pressure with a sterile dressing fails to immediately stop severe bleeding
from an extremity, you should apply:
A. additional sterile dressings.
B. a splint and elevate the extremity.
C. a tourniquet proximal to the injury.
D. digital pressure to a proximal artery. - ANSWER-C
A 22-year-old male was kicked in the abdomen multiple times during an attack by a
gang. He is conscious but restless and his pulse is rapid. Your assessment reveals a
