PSYC 140 Module 1 Exam Actual 2026/2027 | Complete
Exam-Style Questions with Detailed Rationales | Pass
Guaranteed – A+ Graded
SECTION 1: Introduction to Developmental Psychology & Theories (8
Questions)
Theory Application Scenario 1 — Erikson's Psychosocial Stages
Q1: A 20-month-old toddler insists on putting on her own shoes and becomes very
frustrated when her father tries to help, shouting "No! Me do it!" According to Erikson's
theory of psychosocial development, this child is most likely in which stage?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust
B. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
C. Initiative vs. Guilt
D. Industry vs. Inferiority
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because Erikson's stage of Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt occurs
during toddlerhood (approximately 1–3 years), when children assert their independence
and autonomy; the child's insistence on completing tasks independently reflects the
healthy development of autonomy during this crisis.
,Q2: A 5-year-old boy organizes a pretend superhero game with neighborhood friends,
assigns everyone roles, and proudly presents his "mission plan" to his parents.
According to Erikson, which psychosocial crisis is this child resolving?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust
B. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
C. Initiative vs. Guilt
D. Industry vs. Inferiority
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct because the Initiative vs. Guilt stage (ages 3–6 years) involves
children initiating activities, planning tasks, and engaging in imaginative play; the child's
leadership in organizing the game and seeking parental approval demonstrates the
development of initiative.
Q3: A 16-year-old girl spends hours experimenting with different clothing styles,
hairstyles, and friend groups, frequently asking peers for feedback about her "image."
She keeps a journal exploring her personal values and future career interests. According
to Erikson, which psychosocial crisis is central to this adolescent's development?
A. Industry vs. Inferiority
B. Identity vs. Role Confusion
C. Intimacy vs. Isolation
D. Generativity vs. Stagnation
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale: Correct because Identity vs. Role Confusion (adolescence, approximately
12–18 years) involves exploring different roles, values, and self-concepts to establish a
coherent identity; the adolescent's experimentation with appearance, peer groups, and
future plans reflects the identity exploration process.
Q4: A 52-year-old man volunteers as a mentor at a community youth center, takes pride
in training new employees at work, and recently began teaching his grandson to fish.
According to Erikson, which psychosocial crisis is this adult demonstrating?
A. Intimacy vs. Isolation
B. Generativity vs. Stagnation
C. Integrity vs. Despair
D. Identity vs. Role Confusion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because Generativity vs. Stagnation (middle adulthood,
approximately 40–65 years) involves contributing to society and guiding the next
generation through mentoring, teaching, and productive work; the man's involvement in
mentoring youth and teaching his grandson reflects generativity.
Theory Application Scenario 2 — Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory
Q5: In a second-grade classroom, Maria can read simple picture books independently
but struggles to comprehend chapter books with unfamiliar vocabulary. With her
teacher's guidance using graphic organizers and sentence frames, Maria can
successfully identify main ideas in chapter books. The difference between what Maria
can do alone and what she can do with assistance represents her:
Exam-Style Questions with Detailed Rationales | Pass
Guaranteed – A+ Graded
SECTION 1: Introduction to Developmental Psychology & Theories (8
Questions)
Theory Application Scenario 1 — Erikson's Psychosocial Stages
Q1: A 20-month-old toddler insists on putting on her own shoes and becomes very
frustrated when her father tries to help, shouting "No! Me do it!" According to Erikson's
theory of psychosocial development, this child is most likely in which stage?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust
B. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
C. Initiative vs. Guilt
D. Industry vs. Inferiority
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because Erikson's stage of Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt occurs
during toddlerhood (approximately 1–3 years), when children assert their independence
and autonomy; the child's insistence on completing tasks independently reflects the
healthy development of autonomy during this crisis.
,Q2: A 5-year-old boy organizes a pretend superhero game with neighborhood friends,
assigns everyone roles, and proudly presents his "mission plan" to his parents.
According to Erikson, which psychosocial crisis is this child resolving?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust
B. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
C. Initiative vs. Guilt
D. Industry vs. Inferiority
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct because the Initiative vs. Guilt stage (ages 3–6 years) involves
children initiating activities, planning tasks, and engaging in imaginative play; the child's
leadership in organizing the game and seeking parental approval demonstrates the
development of initiative.
Q3: A 16-year-old girl spends hours experimenting with different clothing styles,
hairstyles, and friend groups, frequently asking peers for feedback about her "image."
She keeps a journal exploring her personal values and future career interests. According
to Erikson, which psychosocial crisis is central to this adolescent's development?
A. Industry vs. Inferiority
B. Identity vs. Role Confusion
C. Intimacy vs. Isolation
D. Generativity vs. Stagnation
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale: Correct because Identity vs. Role Confusion (adolescence, approximately
12–18 years) involves exploring different roles, values, and self-concepts to establish a
coherent identity; the adolescent's experimentation with appearance, peer groups, and
future plans reflects the identity exploration process.
Q4: A 52-year-old man volunteers as a mentor at a community youth center, takes pride
in training new employees at work, and recently began teaching his grandson to fish.
According to Erikson, which psychosocial crisis is this adult demonstrating?
A. Intimacy vs. Isolation
B. Generativity vs. Stagnation
C. Integrity vs. Despair
D. Identity vs. Role Confusion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because Generativity vs. Stagnation (middle adulthood,
approximately 40–65 years) involves contributing to society and guiding the next
generation through mentoring, teaching, and productive work; the man's involvement in
mentoring youth and teaching his grandson reflects generativity.
Theory Application Scenario 2 — Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory
Q5: In a second-grade classroom, Maria can read simple picture books independently
but struggles to comprehend chapter books with unfamiliar vocabulary. With her
teacher's guidance using graphic organizers and sentence frames, Maria can
successfully identify main ideas in chapter books. The difference between what Maria
can do alone and what she can do with assistance represents her:
