ILE 4 Exam 1 Questions with solved
solutions
Types of equipment - ANSWER>>mortar and pestle, spatula, ointment slab,
balance, graduated cyliner, capsule filling device
Pharmaceutical compounding - ANSWER>>preparation, mixing, assembling,
packaging, and labeling of a medication to meet the specific needs of an
individual patient.
Why compound - ANSWER>>unavailable dosage, strength, allergy to excipient,
combination therapy, taste masking, alternative route of administration
Drug strength - ANSWER>>amount of drug in 1 unit
drug product - ANSWER>>active and inactive ingredient (dosage form and
strength)
Dose - ANSWER>>amount taken at one time
SIG - ANSWER>>directions by prescriber
quantity - ANSWER>>total amount dispensed to patient- not refills
days supply - ANSWER>>total/complete days will last a patients (round down)
HS - ANSWER>>at bedtime
AC - ANSWER>>before meals
,PC - ANSWER>>after meals
1g = __mg - ANSWER>>1000
1mg=__mcg - ANSWER>>1000
1kg = ___g - ANSWER>>1000
1kg= __lb - ANSWER>>2.2
1L=__mL - ANSWER>>1000
1tsp=__mL - ANSWER>>5
1tbsp=__ml - ANSWER>>15
1tbsp=__tsp - ANSWER>>3
1 oz= __ mL - ANSWER>>30
1oz= __ tbsp - ANSWER>>2
Reconstitution - ANSWER>>adding liquid diluent or solvent to a powdered
medication or solute to dissolve the medication= solution (NOT compouding)
non-sterile compounding - ANSWER>>oral powders, tablets, capsules, lozenges,
solutions, suspension, emulsion
rectal cream and suppositories
topical cream, ointments, pastes, gels
USP 795 training - ANSWER>>competencies complete, record keeping, check
annually, must have designated area, documentation is a must
,label requirements on compounded molecule - ANSWER>>name, strength,
internal lot #, do not use beyone date, storage instructions, initials or pharm who
compounded, any other statements required by law
Normal expiration dates - ANSWER>>C2= none, C3-5= 6 months, noncontrolled=
none
Expiration of each ingredient in the compound - ANSWER>>found on each bottle,
expiration cannot be longer than this
Beyond use date - ANSWER>>date after which a product is no longer effective and
should not be used
nonpreserved aqueous dosage forms BUD - ANSWER>>14 days in fridge
preserved aqueous dosage forms BUD - ANSWER>>35 days in room temp or
fridge
Oral liquids (nonaqueous) BUD - ANSWER>>90 days in room temp or fridge
Other nonaqueous dosage forms BUD - ANSWER>>180 days in room temp or
fridge
aqueous dosage form - ANSWER>>emulsion, gel, cream, foam, lotion, solution,
spray, suspension
Nonaqueous dosage forms - ANSWER>>capsule, tablet, granules, powders,
suppositories, lozenges, ointments, oral solution
Powder is - ANSWER>>one or more drug in fine uniform form with or without
excipients
, advantages of powders - ANSWER>>more stable than liquid, avoid GI irritation,
rapid onset of action, larger doses possible
disadvantages of powder - ANSWER>>unpleasant taste and odor, less stable than
tablets, minimum BUD of 6 months, expensive
Divided powders - ANSWER>>individually dosed packaged separately (inhale or
divided)
bulk powders - ANSWER>>large container- oral, dentrifrice (teeth), douche (h2o),
dusting (grit free), insufflations (fine powder to ear, nose, throat, vagina
Comminution with powders - ANSWER>>reduce particle size to finer subdivision
Trituration Comminution with powders - ANSWER>>continuous rubbing and
grinding (for hard powders)
Levigation Comminution with powders - ANSWER>>trituration while moistened
with liquid in which powder is insoluble
Pulverization by intervention Comminution with powders - ANSWER>>use solvent
that is easily removed (drugs difficult to grind)
Sources of API - ANSWER>>pure drug powder, crushed tablets, opened capsules,
manufactured bulk materials, sterile prep
mesh particles for powders - ANSWER>>mesh #= number of openings per inch-
use hatch equation
Geometric Dilution for powders - ANSWER>>evenly mix small amounts of drug
with larger diluent
solutions
Types of equipment - ANSWER>>mortar and pestle, spatula, ointment slab,
balance, graduated cyliner, capsule filling device
Pharmaceutical compounding - ANSWER>>preparation, mixing, assembling,
packaging, and labeling of a medication to meet the specific needs of an
individual patient.
Why compound - ANSWER>>unavailable dosage, strength, allergy to excipient,
combination therapy, taste masking, alternative route of administration
Drug strength - ANSWER>>amount of drug in 1 unit
drug product - ANSWER>>active and inactive ingredient (dosage form and
strength)
Dose - ANSWER>>amount taken at one time
SIG - ANSWER>>directions by prescriber
quantity - ANSWER>>total amount dispensed to patient- not refills
days supply - ANSWER>>total/complete days will last a patients (round down)
HS - ANSWER>>at bedtime
AC - ANSWER>>before meals
,PC - ANSWER>>after meals
1g = __mg - ANSWER>>1000
1mg=__mcg - ANSWER>>1000
1kg = ___g - ANSWER>>1000
1kg= __lb - ANSWER>>2.2
1L=__mL - ANSWER>>1000
1tsp=__mL - ANSWER>>5
1tbsp=__ml - ANSWER>>15
1tbsp=__tsp - ANSWER>>3
1 oz= __ mL - ANSWER>>30
1oz= __ tbsp - ANSWER>>2
Reconstitution - ANSWER>>adding liquid diluent or solvent to a powdered
medication or solute to dissolve the medication= solution (NOT compouding)
non-sterile compounding - ANSWER>>oral powders, tablets, capsules, lozenges,
solutions, suspension, emulsion
rectal cream and suppositories
topical cream, ointments, pastes, gels
USP 795 training - ANSWER>>competencies complete, record keeping, check
annually, must have designated area, documentation is a must
,label requirements on compounded molecule - ANSWER>>name, strength,
internal lot #, do not use beyone date, storage instructions, initials or pharm who
compounded, any other statements required by law
Normal expiration dates - ANSWER>>C2= none, C3-5= 6 months, noncontrolled=
none
Expiration of each ingredient in the compound - ANSWER>>found on each bottle,
expiration cannot be longer than this
Beyond use date - ANSWER>>date after which a product is no longer effective and
should not be used
nonpreserved aqueous dosage forms BUD - ANSWER>>14 days in fridge
preserved aqueous dosage forms BUD - ANSWER>>35 days in room temp or
fridge
Oral liquids (nonaqueous) BUD - ANSWER>>90 days in room temp or fridge
Other nonaqueous dosage forms BUD - ANSWER>>180 days in room temp or
fridge
aqueous dosage form - ANSWER>>emulsion, gel, cream, foam, lotion, solution,
spray, suspension
Nonaqueous dosage forms - ANSWER>>capsule, tablet, granules, powders,
suppositories, lozenges, ointments, oral solution
Powder is - ANSWER>>one or more drug in fine uniform form with or without
excipients
, advantages of powders - ANSWER>>more stable than liquid, avoid GI irritation,
rapid onset of action, larger doses possible
disadvantages of powder - ANSWER>>unpleasant taste and odor, less stable than
tablets, minimum BUD of 6 months, expensive
Divided powders - ANSWER>>individually dosed packaged separately (inhale or
divided)
bulk powders - ANSWER>>large container- oral, dentrifrice (teeth), douche (h2o),
dusting (grit free), insufflations (fine powder to ear, nose, throat, vagina
Comminution with powders - ANSWER>>reduce particle size to finer subdivision
Trituration Comminution with powders - ANSWER>>continuous rubbing and
grinding (for hard powders)
Levigation Comminution with powders - ANSWER>>trituration while moistened
with liquid in which powder is insoluble
Pulverization by intervention Comminution with powders - ANSWER>>use solvent
that is easily removed (drugs difficult to grind)
Sources of API - ANSWER>>pure drug powder, crushed tablets, opened capsules,
manufactured bulk materials, sterile prep
mesh particles for powders - ANSWER>>mesh #= number of openings per inch-
use hatch equation
Geometric Dilution for powders - ANSWER>>evenly mix small amounts of drug
with larger diluent
