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NR565 Week 4 Midterm Study Guide
Advanced Pharmacology Fundamentals (Chamberlain University)
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Week 4: Midterm Study Guide
Thursday, May 22, 2025 9:24 AM
Week 4:
Chapter 59:
• General Information
○ COX Inhibitors have three useful effects:
§ Suppress inflammation
§ Relieve pain
§ Reduce fever
○ These effects are produced through the inhibition of COX, which is the enzyme responsible for the synthesis
of prostaglandins and related compounds.
• NSAIDs
○ AKA CycloOxygenase (COX) Inhibitors
○ Drugs that have anti-inflammatory properties
○ NSAIDs can be subdivided into two groups:
§ First generation NSAIDS
□ Conventional/traditional
□ Inhibit COX-1 and COX-2
□ These agents are unable to suppress pain and inflammation without posing a risk for serious
side effects
□ Used primarily for the treatment of inflammatory disorders, mild/moderate pain, fever
reducing, and dysmenorrhea
□ PROTOTYPE: Aspirin (ASA)
□ Black Box Warning: Increased risk for GI bleeding and cardiovascular events that can lead to
hospitalization or death.
§ Second Generation NSAIDS
□ Selective COX-2 inhibitors/coxibs
□ Only inhibit COX-2
□ In theory, these agents suppress pain and inflammation while causing fewer adverse effects.
□ However, these drugs appear even less safe than first-gen agents due to an increased risk for MI
and stroke.
• NSAIDs Adverse Effects
○ Serious adverse effects:
§ Gastric ulceration
§ Bleeding
§ Renal impairment
§ MI/Stroke (except ASA)
• NSAIDs Benefits of 2nd Gen
○ In theory can suppress pain and inflammation while causing fewer adverse effects, but in practice this is not
true as they increase the risk of MI and stroke the most of all NSAIDS
• NSAIDs: 1st Gen vs. 2nd Gen
• Nonacetylated Salicylates
○ Magnesium salicylate, sodium salicylate, and salsalate
○ Similarities to ASA:
§ Inhibit COX-1 and COX-2
§ Indicated for same uses
§ Most common adverse effects are GI disturbances
§ Should not be given to children with chickenpox or influenza d/t increase risk of Reye Syndrome
○ Contrasts to ASA:
§ Cause little to no suppression of platelet aggregation
§ Cannot protect against MI/Stroke and may increase the risk
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§ Sodium Salicylate should be avoided in patients with sodium restrictions (HTN/HF)
NR565 Week 4 Midterm Study Guide
Advanced Pharmacology Fundamentals (Chamberlain University)
Scan to open on Studocu
Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university
Downloaded by CHUNXU XIA ()
, lOMoARcPSD|46788506
Week 4: Midterm Study Guide
Thursday, May 22, 2025 9:24 AM
Week 4:
Chapter 59:
• General Information
○ COX Inhibitors have three useful effects:
§ Suppress inflammation
§ Relieve pain
§ Reduce fever
○ These effects are produced through the inhibition of COX, which is the enzyme responsible for the synthesis
of prostaglandins and related compounds.
• NSAIDs
○ AKA CycloOxygenase (COX) Inhibitors
○ Drugs that have anti-inflammatory properties
○ NSAIDs can be subdivided into two groups:
§ First generation NSAIDS
□ Conventional/traditional
□ Inhibit COX-1 and COX-2
□ These agents are unable to suppress pain and inflammation without posing a risk for serious
side effects
□ Used primarily for the treatment of inflammatory disorders, mild/moderate pain, fever
reducing, and dysmenorrhea
□ PROTOTYPE: Aspirin (ASA)
□ Black Box Warning: Increased risk for GI bleeding and cardiovascular events that can lead to
hospitalization or death.
§ Second Generation NSAIDS
□ Selective COX-2 inhibitors/coxibs
□ Only inhibit COX-2
□ In theory, these agents suppress pain and inflammation while causing fewer adverse effects.
□ However, these drugs appear even less safe than first-gen agents due to an increased risk for MI
and stroke.
• NSAIDs Adverse Effects
○ Serious adverse effects:
§ Gastric ulceration
§ Bleeding
§ Renal impairment
§ MI/Stroke (except ASA)
• NSAIDs Benefits of 2nd Gen
○ In theory can suppress pain and inflammation while causing fewer adverse effects, but in practice this is not
true as they increase the risk of MI and stroke the most of all NSAIDS
• NSAIDs: 1st Gen vs. 2nd Gen
• Nonacetylated Salicylates
○ Magnesium salicylate, sodium salicylate, and salsalate
○ Similarities to ASA:
§ Inhibit COX-1 and COX-2
§ Indicated for same uses
§ Most common adverse effects are GI disturbances
§ Should not be given to children with chickenpox or influenza d/t increase risk of Reye Syndrome
○ Contrasts to ASA:
§ Cause little to no suppression of platelet aggregation
§ Cannot protect against MI/Stroke and may increase the risk
Downloaded by CHUNXU XIA ()
§ Sodium Salicylate should be avoided in patients with sodium restrictions (HTN/HF)
