Galen College of Nursing NUR 155 Exam 3 Practice Questions
on Nutrition, Fluids, Elimination, Oxygenation and Perfusion
with Answers and Rationales
Question 1
The nurse is caring for a patient prescribed a clear liquid diet after surgery. Which meal choice is
most appropriate?
A. Scrambled eggs and toast
B. Chicken broth and apple juice
C. Mashed potatoes and gravy
D. Yogurt and oatmeal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
B is correct because clear liquid diets include transparent fluids such as broth, juice without pulp,
tea, and gelatin.
A, C, and D are not clear liquids and are too advanced for this diet.
Question 2
A patient with heart failure is prescribed a low-sodium diet. Which food selection indicates
understanding?
A. Canned soup
B. Fresh grilled chicken with steamed vegetables
C. Processed deli ham sandwich
D. Salted potato chips
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
B is correct because fresh foods are generally lower in sodium than processed foods.
A, C, and D are high in sodium and should be limited.
Question 3
The nurse is teaching a patient about BMI. Which statement is correct?
,A. BMI measures only muscle strength
B. BMI helps estimate body fat based on height and weight
C. BMI is used only for children
D. BMI measures fluid intake only
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
B is correct because BMI uses height and weight to help estimate body fat and nutritional status.
A, C, and D are incorrect definitions.
Question 4
A patient has dry mucous membranes, poor skin turgor, and decreased urine output. Which
condition should the nurse suspect?
A. Fluid volume excess
B. Fluid volume deficit
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Normal hydration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
B is correct because dry mucous membranes, poor turgor, and low urine output are common
signs of dehydration.
A usually presents with edema and crackles.
C is an electrolyte issue, not the main fluid problem.
D is incorrect.
Question 5
The nurse notes edema, crackles in the lungs, and weight gain in a patient. These findings
suggest:
A. Fluid volume deficit
B. Fluid volume excess
C. Constipation
D. Hypoglycemia
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale:
B is correct because edema, crackles, and weight gain indicate fluid overload.
A shows opposite findings.
C and D are unrelated.
Question 6
A nurse is monitoring intake and output. Which finding requires follow-up?
A. Oral intake 1800 mL, urine output 1700 mL
B. Urine output 20 mL over 2 hours
C. Patient drinks 240 mL of water
D. IV fluids infusing as ordered
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
B is correct because urine output less than 30 mL/hr may indicate inadequate kidney perfusion or
dehydration.
A is balanced.
C and D are not concerning.
Question 7
The nurse is teaching about preventing urinary tract infections. Which statement by the patient
shows understanding?
A. “I will wipe from back to front.”
B. “I will drink adequate fluids daily.”
C. “I should delay urination as long as possible.”
D. “I should avoid emptying my bladder often.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
B is correct because hydration helps flush bacteria from the urinary tract.
A increases infection risk.
C and D encourage urinary stasis and increase UTI risk.
Question 8
on Nutrition, Fluids, Elimination, Oxygenation and Perfusion
with Answers and Rationales
Question 1
The nurse is caring for a patient prescribed a clear liquid diet after surgery. Which meal choice is
most appropriate?
A. Scrambled eggs and toast
B. Chicken broth and apple juice
C. Mashed potatoes and gravy
D. Yogurt and oatmeal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
B is correct because clear liquid diets include transparent fluids such as broth, juice without pulp,
tea, and gelatin.
A, C, and D are not clear liquids and are too advanced for this diet.
Question 2
A patient with heart failure is prescribed a low-sodium diet. Which food selection indicates
understanding?
A. Canned soup
B. Fresh grilled chicken with steamed vegetables
C. Processed deli ham sandwich
D. Salted potato chips
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
B is correct because fresh foods are generally lower in sodium than processed foods.
A, C, and D are high in sodium and should be limited.
Question 3
The nurse is teaching a patient about BMI. Which statement is correct?
,A. BMI measures only muscle strength
B. BMI helps estimate body fat based on height and weight
C. BMI is used only for children
D. BMI measures fluid intake only
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
B is correct because BMI uses height and weight to help estimate body fat and nutritional status.
A, C, and D are incorrect definitions.
Question 4
A patient has dry mucous membranes, poor skin turgor, and decreased urine output. Which
condition should the nurse suspect?
A. Fluid volume excess
B. Fluid volume deficit
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Normal hydration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
B is correct because dry mucous membranes, poor turgor, and low urine output are common
signs of dehydration.
A usually presents with edema and crackles.
C is an electrolyte issue, not the main fluid problem.
D is incorrect.
Question 5
The nurse notes edema, crackles in the lungs, and weight gain in a patient. These findings
suggest:
A. Fluid volume deficit
B. Fluid volume excess
C. Constipation
D. Hypoglycemia
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale:
B is correct because edema, crackles, and weight gain indicate fluid overload.
A shows opposite findings.
C and D are unrelated.
Question 6
A nurse is monitoring intake and output. Which finding requires follow-up?
A. Oral intake 1800 mL, urine output 1700 mL
B. Urine output 20 mL over 2 hours
C. Patient drinks 240 mL of water
D. IV fluids infusing as ordered
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
B is correct because urine output less than 30 mL/hr may indicate inadequate kidney perfusion or
dehydration.
A is balanced.
C and D are not concerning.
Question 7
The nurse is teaching about preventing urinary tract infections. Which statement by the patient
shows understanding?
A. “I will wipe from back to front.”
B. “I will drink adequate fluids daily.”
C. “I should delay urination as long as possible.”
D. “I should avoid emptying my bladder often.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
B is correct because hydration helps flush bacteria from the urinary tract.
A increases infection risk.
C and D encourage urinary stasis and increase UTI risk.
Question 8
