ANATOMY PHYSIOLOGY FOR
EMERGENCY CARE FINAL PREPARATION
SHEET 2026 DETAILED SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◉ Skeleton. Answer: Consists of skull and spine, ribs and sternum,
shoulders and upper extremities, and pelvis and lower extremities
◉ Skull. Answer: Bony structure of the head; Function to enclose,
protect brain
◉ Cranium. Answer: Top, back, and sides of the skull
◉ Face. Answer: Front of the skull
◉ Spinal column. Answer: 33 vertebrae that encase the spinal cord
◉ Thorax. Answer: 12 ribs and sternum; Protects the heart, lungs,
and major blood vessels
◉ Pelvis. Answer: Includes ilium, ischium, pubis, and hip joint
, ◉ Lower extremities. Answer: Includes femur, patella, tibia, fibula,
and ankle
◉ Foot. Answer: Includes metatarsals, calcaneus, and phalanges
◉ Upper extremities. Answer: Includes clavicle, scapula, humerus,
radius, and ulna
◉ Joints. Answer: Formed when bones connect to other bones; Two
types: Ball-and-socket and Hinge
◉ Muscles. Answer: Three types: Voluntary (skeletal), Involuntary
(smooth), Cardiac
◉ Respiratory System. Answer: Brings in oxygen via inhalation and
excretes carbon dioxide via exhalation
◉ Inhalation. Answer: Active process where diaphragm and
intercostal muscles contract
◉ Exhalation. Answer: Passive process where diaphragm and
intercostal muscles relax
◉ Ventilation. Answer: Movement of gases to and from alveoli
EMERGENCY CARE FINAL PREPARATION
SHEET 2026 DETAILED SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◉ Skeleton. Answer: Consists of skull and spine, ribs and sternum,
shoulders and upper extremities, and pelvis and lower extremities
◉ Skull. Answer: Bony structure of the head; Function to enclose,
protect brain
◉ Cranium. Answer: Top, back, and sides of the skull
◉ Face. Answer: Front of the skull
◉ Spinal column. Answer: 33 vertebrae that encase the spinal cord
◉ Thorax. Answer: 12 ribs and sternum; Protects the heart, lungs,
and major blood vessels
◉ Pelvis. Answer: Includes ilium, ischium, pubis, and hip joint
, ◉ Lower extremities. Answer: Includes femur, patella, tibia, fibula,
and ankle
◉ Foot. Answer: Includes metatarsals, calcaneus, and phalanges
◉ Upper extremities. Answer: Includes clavicle, scapula, humerus,
radius, and ulna
◉ Joints. Answer: Formed when bones connect to other bones; Two
types: Ball-and-socket and Hinge
◉ Muscles. Answer: Three types: Voluntary (skeletal), Involuntary
(smooth), Cardiac
◉ Respiratory System. Answer: Brings in oxygen via inhalation and
excretes carbon dioxide via exhalation
◉ Inhalation. Answer: Active process where diaphragm and
intercostal muscles contract
◉ Exhalation. Answer: Passive process where diaphragm and
intercostal muscles relax
◉ Ventilation. Answer: Movement of gases to and from alveoli
